山地地形对地震动放大作用的机理探讨
|
摘要
从震后的调查和监测中发现,大地震会对山区地形形成的地质灾害,山地的局部位置,地震动加速度显著放大,甚至能使大型石块高速临空抛射,该文从地震波在介质中传播的角度,通过分析不同入射角度和不同反射界面地震波的反射叠加情况初步解释这一放大作用产生的机理,得出结论:(1)山地地形是产生地震动放大效应的主要原因;(2)放大效应与山体坡度密切相关(3)山脉走向会影响地震动水平分量的差异。并基于此对山区地形的震害防御工作提出建议。
From investigations after earthquakes,it can be found that strong earthquakes generate serious geological disasters in mountainous ranges.Due to topography,the ground motion acceleration of some regions are greatly amplified,even some large stones are thrown into the air with high speed.In the light of seismic wave propogation,this paper analyzes the reflection stack of seismic waves from different treflection angles and different reflecting interfaces,and gives a preliminary explanation for the mechanism of that amplification.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The topography is the main reason leading to amplification effect of the ground motion;(2)Amplification effet is closely related to mountain slopes;(3)Mountain strikes cause differences in horizontal components.Based upon that,some suggestions are proposed for the earthquake disaster prevention in mountainous regions.
From investigations after earthquakes,it can be found that strong earthquakes generate serious geological disasters in mountainous ranges.Due to topography,the ground motion acceleration of some regions are greatly amplified,even some large stones are thrown into the air with high speed.In the light of seismic wave propogation,this paper analyzes the reflection stack of seismic waves from different treflection angles and different reflecting interfaces,and gives a preliminary explanation for the mechanism of that amplification.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The topography is the main reason leading to amplification effect of the ground motion;(2)Amplification effet is closely related to mountain slopes;(3)Mountain strikes cause differences in horizontal components.Based upon that,some suggestions are proposed for the earthquake disaster prevention in mountainous regions.
引文
[1]许冲,戴福初,徐锡伟,等.汶川地震滑坡灾害研究综述[J].地质评论,2010,56(6):860-874.
[2]许强,黄润秋.5.12汶川大地震诱发大型崩滑灾害动力特征初探[J].工程地质学报,2008:16(6):721-729.
[3]乔彦肖,马中社,吕凤军,等.汶川地震地质灾害发育特点及动因机制分析[J].中国地质,2009,36(3):736-740.
[4]叶天立,鲁晓兵,崔鹏,等.地震引起的飞石运动过程初步分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2011,7(S2):1780-1791.
[5]黄润秋,唐川,李勇,等.汶川地震地质灾害研究[M].北京:科技出版社,2009:236-237,268-269.
[6]殷跃平.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(4):433-444.
[7]殷跃平.汶川八级地震滑坡特征分析[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(1):29-38
[8]王运生,徐鸿彪,罗永红,等.地震高位滑坡形成条件及抛射运动程式研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(11):2360-2368.
[9]罗永红,王运生.汶川地震诱发山地斜坡震动的地形放大效应[J].山地学报,2013,31(2):200-210.
[10]朱守彪,石耀霖,陆鸣,等.地震滑坡的动力学机制研究[J].中国科学:地球科学,2013,43(7):1096-1105.
[11]董非非,邓辉,郑斌.应力诱导各向异性介质中地震波的传播[J].华北地震科学,2012,30(3):1-7.
[12]田述军,孔纪名,阿发友,等.汶川地震山地灾害对环境因素的响应机制[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2010,42(5):92-98.
[13]GB17741-2005,工程场地地震安全性评价[S].
[14]GB50011-2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].
[2]许强,黄润秋.5.12汶川大地震诱发大型崩滑灾害动力特征初探[J].工程地质学报,2008:16(6):721-729.
[3]乔彦肖,马中社,吕凤军,等.汶川地震地质灾害发育特点及动因机制分析[J].中国地质,2009,36(3):736-740.
[4]叶天立,鲁晓兵,崔鹏,等.地震引起的飞石运动过程初步分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2011,7(S2):1780-1791.
[5]黄润秋,唐川,李勇,等.汶川地震地质灾害研究[M].北京:科技出版社,2009:236-237,268-269.
[6]殷跃平.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(4):433-444.
[7]殷跃平.汶川八级地震滑坡特征分析[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(1):29-38
[8]王运生,徐鸿彪,罗永红,等.地震高位滑坡形成条件及抛射运动程式研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(11):2360-2368.
[9]罗永红,王运生.汶川地震诱发山地斜坡震动的地形放大效应[J].山地学报,2013,31(2):200-210.
[10]朱守彪,石耀霖,陆鸣,等.地震滑坡的动力学机制研究[J].中国科学:地球科学,2013,43(7):1096-1105.
[11]董非非,邓辉,郑斌.应力诱导各向异性介质中地震波的传播[J].华北地震科学,2012,30(3):1-7.
[12]田述军,孔纪名,阿发友,等.汶川地震山地灾害对环境因素的响应机制[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2010,42(5):92-98.
[13]GB17741-2005,工程场地地震安全性评价[S].
[14]GB50011-2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心