塔中地区缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层的地球物理预测方法
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摘要
塔中地区碳酸盐岩储层以石灰岩为主,次为白云岩,原生基质孔隙大多不发育,多为后期次生改造(构造作用、溶蚀作用)形成的溶洞和裂缝。从成因上看,储层类型主要有礁滩型、风化壳型和内幕白云岩型3大类。针对碳酸盐岩储层横向变化大、非均质性强、成藏条件复杂的特点,深入分析了礁滩型、风化壳型和内幕白云岩型等不同类型碳酸盐岩储层的地震响应特征,运用了叠前、叠后多种地震资料处理技术提高资料的品质,采用叠前、叠后多种技术手段综合预测了塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层的分布,取得了明显效果,指导了碳酸盐岩油气藏的勘探。
The carbonate reservoirs in the Tazhong area are dominated by limestone, with minor dolostone. Their primary matrix porosity is underdeveloped as a whole and consists mostly of caverns and fracture resulted from secondary modification (tectonism and dissolution) in later stages. The carbonate reservoirs can be divided into three types according to their origins, namely reef/bank type, palaeo-weathering crust type and inner dolostone type. In view of the characteristics of carbonate reservoirs such as great lateral variation, strong heterogeneity and complex hydrocarbon pooling conditions, a thorough analysis is performed on the seismic responses of different types of carbonate reservoirs. Various pre- and post-stack seismic processing techniques are used to improve data quality. Several pre- and post-stack methods are applied to comprehensively predict the distribution of the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the study area. The results have provided useful guidance for the exploration of carbonate reservoirs.
The carbonate reservoirs in the Tazhong area are dominated by limestone, with minor dolostone. Their primary matrix porosity is underdeveloped as a whole and consists mostly of caverns and fracture resulted from secondary modification (tectonism and dissolution) in later stages. The carbonate reservoirs can be divided into three types according to their origins, namely reef/bank type, palaeo-weathering crust type and inner dolostone type. In view of the characteristics of carbonate reservoirs such as great lateral variation, strong heterogeneity and complex hydrocarbon pooling conditions, a thorough analysis is performed on the seismic responses of different types of carbonate reservoirs. Various pre- and post-stack seismic processing techniques are used to improve data quality. Several pre- and post-stack methods are applied to comprehensively predict the distribution of the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the study area. The results have provided useful guidance for the exploration of carbonate reservoirs.
引文
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[3]刘军迎,雍学善,高建虎.模型正演技术在碳酸盐岩油气藏地震资料解释中的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):109-112.
[4]陈广坡,潘建国,管文胜.碳酸盐岩岩溶型储层的地球物理响应特征分析[J].天然气勘探与开发,2005,28(3):43-46.
[5]龚洪林,潘建国,王宏斌,等.塔中碳酸盐岩裂缝综合预测技术及应用[J].天然气工业,2008,26(6):31-33.
[6]师永民,陈广坡,潘建国,等.储层综合预测技术在塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩中的应用[J].天然气工业,2004,24(12):51-54.
[7]杨子川,李宗杰,窦慧媛.储层的地震识别模式分析及定量预测技术初探——以塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层为例[J].石油物探,2007,46(4):370-377.
[8]杨园园,朱玉波,胡志方,等.塔中地区下古生界碳酸盐岩储层特点及预测方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,25(3):7-9.
[9]殷八斤.AVO技术的理论与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
[10]胡贤根,尚新民,石林光,等.基于叠前时间偏移资料的AVO处理技术[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):343-346.
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