不同距离力源作用下脆性破裂的稳定性和止裂
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摘要
根据断裂力学的原理, 提出了脆性破裂的止裂准则, 给出了最小止裂方程. 利用 Er dogan的集中力的零频Green函数解, 分析了点力和简单分布力的位置对脆性破裂的稳定性和止裂的作用, 给出了若干典型条件下临界载荷、失稳边界线、止裂点的计算结果. 近距离力源引起的稳定性破裂, 对于解释一些蠕裂和构造的形成是有意义的; 不同距离力源引起的失稳破裂, 对于解释不同震级地震的发生和停止是有意义的. 强地震的发生有可能是远场力与近场力各种复合作用的结果. 本文的结果对于认识诱发地震的力学机制也有重要意义.
Based on the principle of fracture mechanics, the stop criterion of brittle fracture is proposed and the equation of minimal crack stop is given. By using the zero frequency Green function, the steadiness and stop of brittle fracture driven by the concentrated force and simple distributed forces in different locales are analyzed. The critical loading, unsteady boundary line and location of stop points under some typical conditions are calculated. The steady growth caused by the near forces is significant in interpreting the creep and the forming of some tectonics. Whereas the unsteady propagation caused by the forces in different distances from the crack is significant in interpreting the occurring and stop of earthquakes. It is suggested that the strong earthquakes may be the result of compound of the near field and far field forces. The results of this paper are also valuable for investigation of the mechanism of induced earthquake.
Based on the principle of fracture mechanics, the stop criterion of brittle fracture is proposed and the equation of minimal crack stop is given. By using the zero frequency Green function, the steadiness and stop of brittle fracture driven by the concentrated force and simple distributed forces in different locales are analyzed. The critical loading, unsteady boundary line and location of stop points under some typical conditions are calculated. The steady growth caused by the near forces is significant in interpreting the creep and the forming of some tectonics. Whereas the unsteady propagation caused by the forces in different distances from the crack is significant in interpreting the occurring and stop of earthquakes. It is suggested that the strong earthquakes may be the result of compound of the near field and far field forces. The results of this paper are also valuable for investigation of the mechanism of induced earthquake.
引文
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李世愚,滕春凯,卢振业,等.1998.裂纹间动态相互作用的实验观测与理论分析[J].地球物理学报,41(1):79~88
李世愚,和雪松,滕春凯,等.2004.断层应力场的作用范围[A].见:陈运泰等主编.中国大陆地震学与地球内部物理学研究进展庆贺曾融生院士八十寿辰[C].北京:地震出版社,530~537
尹祥础.固体力学[M].1985.北京:地震出版社,456~471
Erdogan,F.1962.On the stress distribution in plates with collinear cuts under arbitrary loads[A].In:AmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers&U.S.NationalCommittee onTheoretical andAppliedMechanics eds.Proc4thUS NatCongApplMech,1[C].NewYork:AmericanSociety ofMechanicalEngineers,547~553
IngraffeaA R,HeuzeF E.1980.Finite element models for rock fracture mechanics[J].IntJ forNumerical andAna lyticalMethods inGeomechanics,4(1):25~43
KostrovB V.1975.On the crack propagation with variable velocity[A].IntJ Fracture,11(1):47~56
KostrovB V,DasS.1988.Principles ofEarthquakeSourceMechanics[M].Cambridge:CampridgeUniversityPress,304
ЧерепановГП.1974.МеханикаХрупкогоРазрушения[M].Москова:Наука,1~640.中译本:切列帕诺夫ГП著.1974.黄克智等译.1990.脆性断裂力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1~697
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