海底沉积物声学原位测量方法与南海天然气水合物勘探的应用研究
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摘要
研究原位测量技术中表层沉积物声学原位测量技术、声波测井技术和OBS测量技术的特点和差异,得出3种技术的分辨率虽然依次降低,但测量尺度依次增大,可以应用不同深度和结构层序的海底沉积物声学物理性质研究。3种原位测量技术基于海底原位状态,可以测得海底沉积物的纵波和横波特性,通过比较纵波特性、纵横波速比和计算泊松比可以提高沉积物中分辨出天然气水合物的精度。基于OBS测量技术可以同时实现水合物的勘探与监测,基于表层沉积物声学原位测量技术和声波测井技术可以同时实现原位测量和采样,3种技术结合可以促进南海天然气水合物勘探与监控的实际应用。
The research is placed emphasis on characteristic and difference of the seafloor sediment acoustic in-situ measurement technique,acoustic logging and ocean bottom seismometer(OBS) technology.The conclusions could be drawn that the three techniques decrease in the resolution but increases in the measurement scale which can be applied to research of physical and acoustic properties of seafloor sediment in different sequences and depth.The in-situ measurement techniques penetrate into the in-situ seafloor state and can measure rotational and longitudinal wave properties of sediments.By comparing the longitudinal wave characteristics,longitudinal and rotational velocity ratio and calculation Poisson's ratio,the accuracy could be improved in distinguishing gas hydrate.Measurement technique based on OBS can achieve both hydrate exploration and monitoring.The in-situ surface sediment acoustic measurement technique and acoustic logging technology can achieve both in-situ measurements and sampling.The combination of the three technologies can contribute to gas hydrate exploration and monitor the actual application in the South China Sea.
The research is placed emphasis on characteristic and difference of the seafloor sediment acoustic in-situ measurement technique,acoustic logging and ocean bottom seismometer(OBS) technology.The conclusions could be drawn that the three techniques decrease in the resolution but increases in the measurement scale which can be applied to research of physical and acoustic properties of seafloor sediment in different sequences and depth.The in-situ measurement techniques penetrate into the in-situ seafloor state and can measure rotational and longitudinal wave properties of sediments.By comparing the longitudinal wave characteristics,longitudinal and rotational velocity ratio and calculation Poisson's ratio,the accuracy could be improved in distinguishing gas hydrate.Measurement technique based on OBS can achieve both hydrate exploration and monitoring.The in-situ surface sediment acoustic measurement technique and acoustic logging technology can achieve both in-situ measurements and sampling.The combination of the three technologies can contribute to gas hydrate exploration and monitor the actual application in the South China Sea.
引文
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[2]邹大鹏,吴百海,卢博,等.海底沉积物声速实验测量结果校正的研究[J].热带海洋学报,2008,27(1):27-31.
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[10]阚光明,刘保华,韩国忠,等.原位测量技术在黄海沉积声学调查中的应用[J].海洋学报,2010,32(3):88-94.
[11]Zou Dapeng,Kan Guangming.Application Study on In-situ Acoustic Measurement System of Seafloor Sediments[J].Sensor Letters,2011,9(4):1507-1510.
[12]王建华.声波测井技术综述[J].工程地球物理学报,2006,3(5):395-400.
[13]宋海斌,耿建华,WANG How-King,等.南海北部东沙海域天然气水合物的初步研究[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):687-695.
[14]王东,张海澜,王秀明,等.天然气水化合物的声学探测进展[J].应用声学,2005,24(2):72-77.
[15]Chen AT,张德玲.海底地震仪:仪器及其实验技术[J].地质科学译丛,1995,12(1):75-78.
[16]王彦林,阎贫.深地震探测的分辨率分析——以南海北部OBS数据为例[J].地球物理学报,2009(9):2282-2290.
[17]罗文造,阎贫,温宁,等.南海北部潮汕坳陷海区海底地震仪调查实验[J].热带海洋学报,2009(4):59-65.
[18]丘学林,赵明辉,叶春明,等.南海东北部海陆联测与海底地震仪探测[J].大地构造与成矿学,2003,27(4):295-300.
[19]阮爱国,李家彪,冯占英,等.海底地震仪及其国内外发展现状[J].东海海洋,2004,22(2):19-27.
[20]楚泽涵,徐凌堂,彭斐.用光纤电缆传输信号的多种频率阵列声波测井[J].测井技术,2005,29(6):477-479.
[21]许玉俊,沈建国,田素月,等.提高声波测井仪器性能的关键——换能器的频率特征[J].石油仪器,2003,17(4):5-7.
[22]游庆瑜,刘福田,冉崇荣,等.高频微功耗海底地震仪研制[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):173-176.
[23]符溪,杨木壮,文鹏飞,等.南海天然气水合物地震资料处理及其特征[J].地质科技情报,2001,20(4):33-36,40.
[24]张卫东,刘永军,任韶然.水合物沉积层声波速度模型[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(4):60-63.
[25]梁劲,王明君,王宏斌,等.南海神狐海域天然气水合物声波测井速度与饱和度关系分析[J].现代地质,2009,23(2):217-223.
[26]Winters W J,Waite W F,Mason D H,et a1.Methane gas hydrate effect on sediment acoustic and strength properties[J].Journal of Petroleum Sci-ence and Engineering,2007,56:127-135.
[27]冯凯,李敏锋,刘竣川,等.天然气水合物和游离气层的弹性参数异常特征及其在饱和度估算中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008(4):430-437.
[28]王秀娟,吴时国,徐宁.地震属性参数在识别天然气水合物和游离气分布模式中的应用[J].海洋与湖沼,2006,37(3):271-279.
[29]阎贫.海底地震仪记录中的横波[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1998,18(1):115-118.
[30]业渝光,张剑,胡高伟,等.天然气水合物饱和度与声学参数响应关系的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):1156-1164.
[31]Lee MW.Modified Biot-Gassmann theory for calculating elastic velocities for unconsolidated and consolidated sediments[J].Marine Geophysical Re-searches,2002,23:403-412.
[2]邹大鹏,吴百海,卢博,等.海底沉积物声速实验测量结果校正的研究[J].热带海洋学报,2008,27(1):27-31.
[3]吴锦虹,吴百海,刘强,等.基于声波探测海底浅层沉积物特性的方法研究[J].海洋工程,2008,26(1):114-119.
[4]吴志强,文丽,童思友,等.海域天然气水合物的地震研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):218-227.
[5]S S Fu,R H Wilkens,L N Frazer.Acoustic lance:Newin situ seafloor velocity profiles[J].Acoust.Soc.Am.1996,99(1):234-242.
[6]TAO Chun-hui,DENG Xian-ming,LI Hong-xing.Development of in-situ Marine Sediment Geo-Acoustic Measurement System with Real-Time andMulti Frequencies(the Second Generation)[J].China Ocean Enginerring.2009,23(4):769-778.
[7]陶春辉,金肖兵,金翔龙,等.多频海底声学原位测试系统研制和试用[J].海洋学报,2006,28(2):46-50.
[8]Barbagelata A,Richardson M D,Miaschi B,et al.ISSAMS:an in situ sediment acoustic measurement system[M]//Hovem J M.Richardson M D(Eds.).Shear Waves in Marine Sediments.Kluwer Academic Publishers,Dordrecht,1991:305-312.
[9]郭常升,窦玉坛,谷明峰.海底底质声学性质原位测量技术研究[J].海洋科学,2007,31(8):6-10.
[10]阚光明,刘保华,韩国忠,等.原位测量技术在黄海沉积声学调查中的应用[J].海洋学报,2010,32(3):88-94.
[11]Zou Dapeng,Kan Guangming.Application Study on In-situ Acoustic Measurement System of Seafloor Sediments[J].Sensor Letters,2011,9(4):1507-1510.
[12]王建华.声波测井技术综述[J].工程地球物理学报,2006,3(5):395-400.
[13]宋海斌,耿建华,WANG How-King,等.南海北部东沙海域天然气水合物的初步研究[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):687-695.
[14]王东,张海澜,王秀明,等.天然气水化合物的声学探测进展[J].应用声学,2005,24(2):72-77.
[15]Chen AT,张德玲.海底地震仪:仪器及其实验技术[J].地质科学译丛,1995,12(1):75-78.
[16]王彦林,阎贫.深地震探测的分辨率分析——以南海北部OBS数据为例[J].地球物理学报,2009(9):2282-2290.
[17]罗文造,阎贫,温宁,等.南海北部潮汕坳陷海区海底地震仪调查实验[J].热带海洋学报,2009(4):59-65.
[18]丘学林,赵明辉,叶春明,等.南海东北部海陆联测与海底地震仪探测[J].大地构造与成矿学,2003,27(4):295-300.
[19]阮爱国,李家彪,冯占英,等.海底地震仪及其国内外发展现状[J].东海海洋,2004,22(2):19-27.
[20]楚泽涵,徐凌堂,彭斐.用光纤电缆传输信号的多种频率阵列声波测井[J].测井技术,2005,29(6):477-479.
[21]许玉俊,沈建国,田素月,等.提高声波测井仪器性能的关键——换能器的频率特征[J].石油仪器,2003,17(4):5-7.
[22]游庆瑜,刘福田,冉崇荣,等.高频微功耗海底地震仪研制[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):173-176.
[23]符溪,杨木壮,文鹏飞,等.南海天然气水合物地震资料处理及其特征[J].地质科技情报,2001,20(4):33-36,40.
[24]张卫东,刘永军,任韶然.水合物沉积层声波速度模型[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(4):60-63.
[25]梁劲,王明君,王宏斌,等.南海神狐海域天然气水合物声波测井速度与饱和度关系分析[J].现代地质,2009,23(2):217-223.
[26]Winters W J,Waite W F,Mason D H,et a1.Methane gas hydrate effect on sediment acoustic and strength properties[J].Journal of Petroleum Sci-ence and Engineering,2007,56:127-135.
[27]冯凯,李敏锋,刘竣川,等.天然气水合物和游离气层的弹性参数异常特征及其在饱和度估算中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008(4):430-437.
[28]王秀娟,吴时国,徐宁.地震属性参数在识别天然气水合物和游离气分布模式中的应用[J].海洋与湖沼,2006,37(3):271-279.
[29]阎贫.海底地震仪记录中的横波[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1998,18(1):115-118.
[30]业渝光,张剑,胡高伟,等.天然气水合物饱和度与声学参数响应关系的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):1156-1164.
[31]Lee MW.Modified Biot-Gassmann theory for calculating elastic velocities for unconsolidated and consolidated sediments[J].Marine Geophysical Re-searches,2002,23:403-412.
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