蒙古国南贝尔凹陷泥质软沉积变形构造特征及沉积序列
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摘要
通过岩心观察在蒙古国南贝尔凹陷发现大量泥质软沉积变形构造,个体构造形态可分为眼状、螯状、拖曳状和波状4种类型;组合构造形态可分为阶梯状、叠瓦状、梅花状、地堑式、地垒式和定向排列6种类型。通过与震积岩的特征类比和对地震作用特征分析可知,蒙古国南贝尔凹陷白垩系形态多样的泥质软沉积变形构造是地震作用的产物,其垂向序列自下而上为地震活动衰减期形成的地垒式组合构造和波状构造单元、地震活动停滞期形成的地堑式组合构造和阶梯状组合构造单元及波浪作用形成的泥质软沉积变形构造(组合)准原地沉积单元(包括眼状、螯状构造和叠瓦状、梅花状、定向排列等组合构造)。这些泥质软沉积变形构造主要分布在白垩系下宗巴音组,说明这一时期是控盆边界断裂和盆内主要断裂(如中央断裂)活动相对强烈的时期。
Based on observation of drilling cores,a lot of mud soft sedimentary deformation have been found in South Bell sag,Mongolia.There arc many types of specific shape such as nipper,eye,tail,wave and combination shape such as ladder,imbricate,quincunx,graben,horst,orientation array,and so on.These mud soft sedimentary deformations are regarded us the result of earthquake.The vertical succession of mud soft sedimentary deformation,from bottom to top,is B unit (including horst-shape;and wave-shape structure formed in the depletion period of earthquake),C unit (including graben-shape and ladder-shape structure formed in thestagnant period of earthquake),and D unit caused by tsunami (including shape of imbricate,quincunx,nipper,eye,orientationarray and so on).These mud soft sedimentary deformation mainly distributes in lower Zongbayin formation,which illustrates that it isthe main active period of basin controlling faults and main faults (such as the major central fault) in basin.
Based on observation of drilling cores,a lot of mud soft sedimentary deformation have been found in South Bell sag,Mongolia.There arc many types of specific shape such as nipper,eye,tail,wave and combination shape such as ladder,imbricate,quincunx,graben,horst,orientation array,and so on.These mud soft sedimentary deformations are regarded us the result of earthquake.The vertical succession of mud soft sedimentary deformation,from bottom to top,is B unit (including horst-shape;and wave-shape structure formed in the depletion period of earthquake),C unit (including graben-shape and ladder-shape structure formed in thestagnant period of earthquake),and D unit caused by tsunami (including shape of imbricate,quincunx,nipper,eye,orientationarray and so on).These mud soft sedimentary deformation mainly distributes in lower Zongbayin formation,which illustrates that it isthe main active period of basin controlling faults and main faults (such as the major central fault) in basin.
引文
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[11]杜远生,SHI G,龚一鸣,等.东澳大利亚南悉尼盆地二叠系与地震沉积有关的软沉积变形构造[J].地质学报,2007,81(4):511-518.
[12]王化爱,钟建华,隆锋.蒙古南贝尔凹陷白垩系地震作用的证据[J].沉积学报,2008,26(6):975-981.
[13]梁定益,聂泽同,万晓樵,等.试论震积岩及震积不整合——以川西、滇西地区为例[J].现代地质,1991,5(2):138-146.
[14]杨剑萍,王亚丽,查明,等.山东惠民凹陷古近系湖泊地震涌浪记录的新发现[J].地质学报,2006,80(11):1 715-1 722.
[15]杜远生,韩欣.论海啸作用与海啸岩[J].地质科技情报,2000,19(1):19-22.
[16]袁静.山东惠民凹陷古近纪震积岩特征及其地质意义[J].沉积学报,2004,22(1):41-46.
[2]Christian Montenat,Pascal Barrier,Ph ilippe O tt d′Estevou,et al.Seism ites:An attempt at critical analysis and classification[J].Sed im entary Geology,2007,196(1/4):5-30.
[3]Rossetti D F,G es A M.D eciphering the sed im entological im-print of paleoseism ic events:an example from the Aptian Codo′Formation,northern B razil[J].Sed im entary Geology,2000,135(1/4):137-156.
[4]M c Caplin J P.Paleoseismology[M].SanD iego:Academ ic Press,1996:1-588.
[5]Oberm eier S F.Use of liquefaction-induced features for paleo-seism ic analysis—An overview of how seism ic liquefaction fea-tures can be d istingu ished from other features and how their re-gional d istribution and properties of source sed im ent can beused to infer the location and strength of Holocene paleo-earthquakes[J].Engineering Geology,1996,44(1/4):1-74.
[6]Pope M C,Read J F,Bambach R,et al.Late M idd le to LateO rd ivician seism ites of Kentucky,southwest Oh io and V irgin ia:sed im entary recorders of earthquakes in the Appalach ian basin[J].Geological Society of Am erica Bu lletin,1997,109(4):489-503.
[7]宋天锐.北京十三陵前寒武纪碳酸盐岩地层中的一套可能的地震—海啸序列[J].科学通报,1988,38(8):609-611.
[8]王化爱,钟建华,陈鑫,等.蒙古塔木察格坳陷白垩系震积岩特征及其地质意义[J].地质学报,2008,82(8):1 088-1 094.
[9]张传恒,武振杰,高林志,等.华北中元古界雾迷山组地震驱动的软沉积物变形构造及其地质意义[J].中国科学:D辑地球科学,2007,37(3):336-343.
[10]付文利,王艳琴,杨光,等.东营凹陷沙三段、沙四段震积岩研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(2):6-8.
[11]杜远生,SHI G,龚一鸣,等.东澳大利亚南悉尼盆地二叠系与地震沉积有关的软沉积变形构造[J].地质学报,2007,81(4):511-518.
[12]王化爱,钟建华,隆锋.蒙古南贝尔凹陷白垩系地震作用的证据[J].沉积学报,2008,26(6):975-981.
[13]梁定益,聂泽同,万晓樵,等.试论震积岩及震积不整合——以川西、滇西地区为例[J].现代地质,1991,5(2):138-146.
[14]杨剑萍,王亚丽,查明,等.山东惠民凹陷古近系湖泊地震涌浪记录的新发现[J].地质学报,2006,80(11):1 715-1 722.
[15]杜远生,韩欣.论海啸作用与海啸岩[J].地质科技情报,2000,19(1):19-22.
[16]袁静.山东惠民凹陷古近纪震积岩特征及其地质意义[J].沉积学报,2004,22(1):41-46.
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