松辽盆地营城组火山岩相量化表征与应用
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摘要
盆地火山岩及其储层的地震解释需要量化的岩相模型提供地质约束。三维揭露的盆缘剖面是实现岩相量化表征的最佳区。在松辽盆地东南隆起营城组建组剖面区开展了爆发相、喷溢相和侵出相的三维量化研究。爆发相出现在火山旋回早期,延伸千米量级、厚度百米量级,外形呈楔形尖灭状,坡度上陡下缓、呈平均15°左右的上凹形轮廓;始于热基浪亚相、向上为热基浪与空落亚相互层,终于热碎屑流亚相。喷溢相多出现在火山旋回中后期,覆于爆发相之上,延伸千米量级、厚度百米量级,外形呈凸透镜向外尖灭状,坡度上缓下陡、呈平均20°左右的上凸形轮廓;自下而上依次为下部、中部和上部亚相。侵出相出现在火山旋回后期,可见对其它相带呈切割-披覆关系的内、中、外三个亚相,侧向延伸和垂向厚度多为百米量级、通常最大不超过1km,呈顶缓缘陡的蘑菇状。用火山岩相模型约束井旁地震解释、建立岩相-地震相响应关系,可为无井区的火山岩地震识别提供模板。火山机构的后期改造只改变相序的完整性、不改变原始喷发相带间的相邻与相依性,不影响用岩相模式预测相变关系。非同源喷出物之间的叠置会干扰盆地火山岩相的解译,且使岩相模型的约束作用失效。
Seismic interpretation of volcanic rocks and corresponding reservoirs in petroliferous basins need to be disciplined by quantitative geological models.Three-dimensional sections outcroped on basin margin provide us with the best natural lab for us to construct quantitative models of volcanic facies.3-D quantitative modelling of the major volcanic facies including explosive,effusive and extrusive has been carried out in the stratotype succession of Yingcheng Formation(K_1y) of southeast uplift of the Songliao Basin. Explosive facies were developed in the early volcanic eruption cycles.Lateral-extension and vertical-thickness of the explosive facies is some thousand and several hundred meters respectively.They are wedge-shaped with a steeper upper slope and gentler lower slope showing an average slope angle of 15°.Successions of the explosive subfacies,from bottom to top,include base surge deposits, interbedding base surge and air-fall,and pyroclastic flow deposits.Effusive facies generally occured in the middle of an eruption cycle and covered on top of the explosive facies.They can extend up to some thousand meters and get a thickness up to several hundred meters.They are lenticular-shaped and pinch out laterally,with a gentler upper slope and steeper lower slope showing an average slope angle of 20°.Successions of the effusive subfacies from bottom to top include lower,middle and upper units.Extrusive facies generally occured at the end of an eruption cycle and are composed of inner,middle and outer units.They often cut through and cover other lithofacies.Their stretches and thickness are usually no more than 1 km.They are mushroom-shaped with a large flat roof and sharp border.Applying the above volcanic facies models to borehole-pass-by seismic interpretation,we established the respondence between volcanic facies and seismic information,with the help of which we may understand the meanings of seismic profiles of non-well areas. Erosion of a volcanic edifice will destroy parts of its facies but can not change the facies sequence,so that,it will not disturb the application of the facies models mentioned.On the other hand,if a volcanic body is composed of materials derived from different sources,called superimposed volcanic ediffice,application of these facies models may become problematic.
Seismic interpretation of volcanic rocks and corresponding reservoirs in petroliferous basins need to be disciplined by quantitative geological models.Three-dimensional sections outcroped on basin margin provide us with the best natural lab for us to construct quantitative models of volcanic facies.3-D quantitative modelling of the major volcanic facies including explosive,effusive and extrusive has been carried out in the stratotype succession of Yingcheng Formation(K_1y) of southeast uplift of the Songliao Basin. Explosive facies were developed in the early volcanic eruption cycles.Lateral-extension and vertical-thickness of the explosive facies is some thousand and several hundred meters respectively.They are wedge-shaped with a steeper upper slope and gentler lower slope showing an average slope angle of 15°.Successions of the explosive subfacies,from bottom to top,include base surge deposits, interbedding base surge and air-fall,and pyroclastic flow deposits.Effusive facies generally occured in the middle of an eruption cycle and covered on top of the explosive facies.They can extend up to some thousand meters and get a thickness up to several hundred meters.They are lenticular-shaped and pinch out laterally,with a gentler upper slope and steeper lower slope showing an average slope angle of 20°.Successions of the effusive subfacies from bottom to top include lower,middle and upper units.Extrusive facies generally occured at the end of an eruption cycle and are composed of inner,middle and outer units.They often cut through and cover other lithofacies.Their stretches and thickness are usually no more than 1 km.They are mushroom-shaped with a large flat roof and sharp border.Applying the above volcanic facies models to borehole-pass-by seismic interpretation,we established the respondence between volcanic facies and seismic information,with the help of which we may understand the meanings of seismic profiles of non-well areas. Erosion of a volcanic edifice will destroy parts of its facies but can not change the facies sequence,so that,it will not disturb the application of the facies models mentioned.On the other hand,if a volcanic body is composed of materials derived from different sources,called superimposed volcanic ediffice,application of these facies models may become problematic.
引文
[1]王璞珺刘万洙郑常青单玄龙、孙晓猛、程日辉等.2007.营城组火山岩野外露头岩石分析及地质大剖面建立.中国石油大庆油田公司科技攻关计划项目研究报告和图册
Bianco-Montenegro I,Ritis RD and Chiappini M.2007.Imaging and modelling the subsurface structure of volcanic calderas with high-resolution aeromagnetic data at Vulcano(Aeolian Islands,Italy). Bull.Volcanol.,69:643-659
Busby CJ and Bassett KN.2007.Volcanic facies architecture of an intraarc shily-slip basin,Santa Rita Mountains,Southern Arizona. Bull.Volcanol.,70:85-103
Liu WZ,Shao R,Bai XF,Wang JQ,Qin F and Zhang JG.2007. Characteristics and genetical study of the magma-cemented polymictic conglomerate in the Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation,southeastern uplift area of the Songliao Basin.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(6):1124-1129(in Chinese with English abstract)
Min FQ,Wang PJ,YU SQ,Huang YL,Wu YX,Li Z and Ren LJ. 2007.Meticulous depiction of lithology,lithofacies and reservoir porosity and permeability in the third & second member of Yingcheng Formation:Based on whole coring Ying-3d1 well drilled in the standard section.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(6):1203-1216(in Chinese with English abstract)
Rey SS,Planke S,Symonds PA and Faleide JI.2008.Seismic volcanostratigraphy of the Gascoyne margin,Western Australia. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,172(2008):112 -131
Shan XL,Liu QD,Ren LJ and Zhao YT.2007.Geological characteristics and genesis of perlite in the Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation in the Santai area of the Songliao Basin. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(6):1146- 1151(in Chinese with English abstract)
Song JJ.2007.Seismic prediction of volcanite in Xincheng area of northern part of Songliao Basin.Oil Geophysical Prospecting,42 (3):315-317(in Chinese with English abstract)
Stewart AL and Mcphie J.2006.Facies architecture and Late Pliocene-Pleistocene evolution of a felsic volcanic island,Milos,Greece. Bull.Volcanol.,68:703-726
Sun XM,Zhu DF,Zheng CQ,Shan XL,Cheng RH and Sun QC.2007. Feature,epoch and reservoir significance of the Mesozoic faults at the eastern margin of the Songliao Basin.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition),37(6):1055-1061(in Chinese with English abstract)
Tang HF,Wang PJ,Jiang CJ,Liu J,Zhang QC and Feng YL.2007. Seismic characters of volcanic facies and their distribution relation to deep faults in songliao basin.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(1):73-78(in Chinese with English abstract)
Tao KY,Xie JY,Ruan HH,Xie FG and Xue HM.1988.Characteristics of the Mesozoic volcanism in the coastal margin of southeastern China Bull.Nanjing Inst.Geol.M.R.,Chinese Acad.Geol. Sci.,9(4):12-27(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang PJ,Ren YG,Shan XL et al.2002.The Cretaceous volcanic succession around the Songliao Basin,NE China:Relationship between volcanism and sedimentation.Geological Journal,37(2): 97-115
Wang PJ,Wu HY,Pang YM,Meng GT,Ren YG,Liu WZ and Bian WH.2006.Volcanic facies of the songliao basin:Sequence,model and the quantitative relationship with porosity & permeability of the volcanic reservoir.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),36(5):805-812(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wu YX,Wang PJ,Qu LC,Min FQ,Li Z and Ren U.2007.Detailed description of lithology,lithofacies and porosity and permeability of the first and the Lower Member of Yingcheng Formation:Based on the latest data of Ying-1d1 well cores in standard section.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(6):1192-1202(in Chinese with English abstract)
Xie JY,Tao KY and Xie FG.1995.A study on tuff lava facies feature, model and its genesis.Volcanology & Mineral Resources,16(3):1 -6(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zheng CQ,Xu ZS,Wang PJ,Sun XM and Wang H.2007.Geological characteristics and hydrocarbon reservoir significance of the diabaseprophyrite at the Shanghewan area,southeast uplift of the Songliao Basin,NE China Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(6):1095-1103(in Chinese with English abstract)
刘万洙,邵锐,白雪峰,王加强,秦飞,张建光.2007.松辽盆地东南隆起区营城组一段熔浆胶结复成分砾岩特征及其成因分析.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(6):1124-1129
闵飞琼,王璞珺,于世泉,黄玉龙,吴颜雄,李喆,任利军.2007.营城组三段及二段岩性岩相和储层物性的精细刻画——基于标准剖面营三D1井最新全取心钻孔资料.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(6):1203-1216
单玄龙,刘青帝,任利军,赵玉婷.2007.松辽盆地三台地区下白垩统营城组珍珠岩地质特征与成因.吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 37(6):1146-1151
宋吉杰.2007.松辽盆地北部兴城地区火山岩地震预测.石油地球物理勘探,42(3):315-317
孙晓猛,朱德丰,郑常青,单玄龙,程日辉,孙庆春.2007.松辽盆地东缘中生代断裂构造特征、形成期次及其储层意义.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(6):1055-1061
唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金,刘杰,张庆晨,冯有良.2007.松辽盆地火山岩相地震特征及其与控陷断裂的关系.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(1):73-78
陶奎元,谢家莹,阮宏宏,谢芳贵,薛怀民.1988.中国东南沿海中生代火山作用基本特征.中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊,9(4):12-27
王璞珺,吴河勇,庞颜明,门广田,任延广,刘万洙,边伟华.2006.松辽盆地火山岩相:相序、相模式与储层物性的定量关系.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),36(5):805-812
吴颜雄,王璞珺,曲立才,闵飞琼,李喆,任利军.2007.营城组一段及下段岩性岩相和储层物性的精细刻画——基于标准剖面营一D1井全取心钻孔资料.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(6): 1192-1202
谢家莹,陶奎元,谢芳贵.1995.试论凝灰熔岩相特征、相模式及其成因.火山地质与矿产,16(3):1-6
郑常青,徐正顺,王璞珺,孙晓猛,王虎.2007.松辽盆地东南隆起区白垩系营城组火山岩中辉绿玢岩脉地质特征及其储层意义.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(6):1095-1103
Bianco-Montenegro I,Ritis RD and Chiappini M.2007.Imaging and modelling the subsurface structure of volcanic calderas with high-resolution aeromagnetic data at Vulcano(Aeolian Islands,Italy). Bull.Volcanol.,69:643-659
Busby CJ and Bassett KN.2007.Volcanic facies architecture of an intraarc shily-slip basin,Santa Rita Mountains,Southern Arizona. Bull.Volcanol.,70:85-103
Liu WZ,Shao R,Bai XF,Wang JQ,Qin F and Zhang JG.2007. Characteristics and genetical study of the magma-cemented polymictic conglomerate in the Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation,southeastern uplift area of the Songliao Basin.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(6):1124-1129(in Chinese with English abstract)
Min FQ,Wang PJ,YU SQ,Huang YL,Wu YX,Li Z and Ren LJ. 2007.Meticulous depiction of lithology,lithofacies and reservoir porosity and permeability in the third & second member of Yingcheng Formation:Based on whole coring Ying-3d1 well drilled in the standard section.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(6):1203-1216(in Chinese with English abstract)
Rey SS,Planke S,Symonds PA and Faleide JI.2008.Seismic volcanostratigraphy of the Gascoyne margin,Western Australia. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,172(2008):112 -131
Shan XL,Liu QD,Ren LJ and Zhao YT.2007.Geological characteristics and genesis of perlite in the Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation in the Santai area of the Songliao Basin. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(6):1146- 1151(in Chinese with English abstract)
Song JJ.2007.Seismic prediction of volcanite in Xincheng area of northern part of Songliao Basin.Oil Geophysical Prospecting,42 (3):315-317(in Chinese with English abstract)
Stewart AL and Mcphie J.2006.Facies architecture and Late Pliocene-Pleistocene evolution of a felsic volcanic island,Milos,Greece. Bull.Volcanol.,68:703-726
Sun XM,Zhu DF,Zheng CQ,Shan XL,Cheng RH and Sun QC.2007. Feature,epoch and reservoir significance of the Mesozoic faults at the eastern margin of the Songliao Basin.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition),37(6):1055-1061(in Chinese with English abstract)
Tang HF,Wang PJ,Jiang CJ,Liu J,Zhang QC and Feng YL.2007. Seismic characters of volcanic facies and their distribution relation to deep faults in songliao basin.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(1):73-78(in Chinese with English abstract)
Tao KY,Xie JY,Ruan HH,Xie FG and Xue HM.1988.Characteristics of the Mesozoic volcanism in the coastal margin of southeastern China Bull.Nanjing Inst.Geol.M.R.,Chinese Acad.Geol. Sci.,9(4):12-27(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang PJ,Ren YG,Shan XL et al.2002.The Cretaceous volcanic succession around the Songliao Basin,NE China:Relationship between volcanism and sedimentation.Geological Journal,37(2): 97-115
Wang PJ,Wu HY,Pang YM,Meng GT,Ren YG,Liu WZ and Bian WH.2006.Volcanic facies of the songliao basin:Sequence,model and the quantitative relationship with porosity & permeability of the volcanic reservoir.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),36(5):805-812(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wu YX,Wang PJ,Qu LC,Min FQ,Li Z and Ren U.2007.Detailed description of lithology,lithofacies and porosity and permeability of the first and the Lower Member of Yingcheng Formation:Based on the latest data of Ying-1d1 well cores in standard section.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(6):1192-1202(in Chinese with English abstract)
Xie JY,Tao KY and Xie FG.1995.A study on tuff lava facies feature, model and its genesis.Volcanology & Mineral Resources,16(3):1 -6(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zheng CQ,Xu ZS,Wang PJ,Sun XM and Wang H.2007.Geological characteristics and hydrocarbon reservoir significance of the diabaseprophyrite at the Shanghewan area,southeast uplift of the Songliao Basin,NE China Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),37(6):1095-1103(in Chinese with English abstract)
刘万洙,邵锐,白雪峰,王加强,秦飞,张建光.2007.松辽盆地东南隆起区营城组一段熔浆胶结复成分砾岩特征及其成因分析.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(6):1124-1129
闵飞琼,王璞珺,于世泉,黄玉龙,吴颜雄,李喆,任利军.2007.营城组三段及二段岩性岩相和储层物性的精细刻画——基于标准剖面营三D1井最新全取心钻孔资料.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(6):1203-1216
单玄龙,刘青帝,任利军,赵玉婷.2007.松辽盆地三台地区下白垩统营城组珍珠岩地质特征与成因.吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 37(6):1146-1151
宋吉杰.2007.松辽盆地北部兴城地区火山岩地震预测.石油地球物理勘探,42(3):315-317
孙晓猛,朱德丰,郑常青,单玄龙,程日辉,孙庆春.2007.松辽盆地东缘中生代断裂构造特征、形成期次及其储层意义.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(6):1055-1061
唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金,刘杰,张庆晨,冯有良.2007.松辽盆地火山岩相地震特征及其与控陷断裂的关系.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(1):73-78
陶奎元,谢家莹,阮宏宏,谢芳贵,薛怀民.1988.中国东南沿海中生代火山作用基本特征.中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊,9(4):12-27
王璞珺,吴河勇,庞颜明,门广田,任延广,刘万洙,边伟华.2006.松辽盆地火山岩相:相序、相模式与储层物性的定量关系.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),36(5):805-812
吴颜雄,王璞珺,曲立才,闵飞琼,李喆,任利军.2007.营城组一段及下段岩性岩相和储层物性的精细刻画——基于标准剖面营一D1井全取心钻孔资料.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(6): 1192-1202
谢家莹,陶奎元,谢芳贵.1995.试论凝灰熔岩相特征、相模式及其成因.火山地质与矿产,16(3):1-6
郑常青,徐正顺,王璞珺,孙晓猛,王虎.2007.松辽盆地东南隆起区白垩系营城组火山岩中辉绿玢岩脉地质特征及其储层意义.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),37(6):1095-1103
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