1927年古浪8级大震区及其周边地块的深部电性结构
|
摘要
沿穿过古浪大震震中区乐都—武威—白马岗北北东方向约340km长的剖面,进行了16个测点的大地电磁探测.使用Robust技术处理观测数据,分析了视电阻率、阻抗相位、Swift二维偏离度、最佳电性主轴方位角等参数,并采用NLCG二维反演技术对TE和TM两种模式的数据进行了二维反演模拟.结果表明:大通山—大坂山、西海原、皇城—双塔、龙首山和北大山5条断裂为明显的电性边界,其中西海原、皇城—双塔、龙首山和北大山断裂由西南向东北依次变浅变缓并在深部收敛于壳内低阻层上.沿剖面上地壳的电性构造较中下地壳的复杂,上地壳自西南向东北可分为中祁连隆起、北祁连褶皱带、冷龙岭隆起、武威盆地、潮水盆地和北大山隆起6个构造单元样式,显示与地表地质调查一致的构造格局;而在中、下地壳,武威盆地、潮水盆地和北大山隆起为一体,都属于阿拉善地块.中祁连和阿拉善地块电性成层性好,存在西南深、东北浅的壳内低阻层,北祁连褶皱带和冷龙岭隆起带电性结构复杂,高、低电阻体相间.1927年古浪地震震中区西南侧和上方区域的电阻率为高电阻率区,下方和东北侧区域为低电阻率区,处于电性结构明显呈台阶状陡变的地带,表明古浪地震是一次与断坡作用有关的地震.
A magnetotelluric sounding has been carried out at 16 sites along a 340 km long Yuedu-Wuwei-Baimagang profile,trending NNE across the epicentre of the 1927 M8 Gulang earthquake. The observational data of this survey are processed by using the Robust method,yielding a series of parameters of the deep electric structure,including apparent resistivity,impedance phase,Swift skewness,and azimuth of the principal electric axis. By means of the NLCG technique,2D inversion modelling is performed with the data of two modes TE and TM. The resulted 2D electric structure shows that there are distinct boundaries indicative of five faults along the profile from southwest to northeast,which are the Datongshan-Dabanshan,west Haiyuan,Huangcheng-Shuangta,Longshoushan,and Beidashan faults. These faults become shallower and gentler from southwest to northeast,and converge into a detachment zone of low resistivity at depth. Along the profile,the electric structure is relatively simple in the middle and lower crust and complex in the upper crust. The upper crust can be divided into six electric blocks,geologically corresponding to the middle Qilian swell,north Qilian fold zone,Lenglong swell,Wuwei basin,Chaoshui basin,and Beidashan swell,respectively. Below the Wuwei basin,Chaoshui basin,and Beidashan swell,there exist low-resistivity layers in the middle and lower crust at different depths. It is inferred that the upper crust of the Qilian block overthrusts toward northeast while the middle and lower crust of the Alxa block underthrusts to southwest. The epicentre of the 1927 Gulang M8 earthquake is located at a steep step-shape zone in the electric structure. South to and above the seismic source there is high resistivity,while north to and below the source there is low resistivity. Combining these features of deep electric structure with the seismotectonics of this area,it is suggested that the 1927 M8 Gulang earthquake was resulted from the overthrusting along a low-angle detachment sheet at depth on a foreland fault under the NE-SW directed compressive stress.
A magnetotelluric sounding has been carried out at 16 sites along a 340 km long Yuedu-Wuwei-Baimagang profile,trending NNE across the epicentre of the 1927 M8 Gulang earthquake. The observational data of this survey are processed by using the Robust method,yielding a series of parameters of the deep electric structure,including apparent resistivity,impedance phase,Swift skewness,and azimuth of the principal electric axis. By means of the NLCG technique,2D inversion modelling is performed with the data of two modes TE and TM. The resulted 2D electric structure shows that there are distinct boundaries indicative of five faults along the profile from southwest to northeast,which are the Datongshan-Dabanshan,west Haiyuan,Huangcheng-Shuangta,Longshoushan,and Beidashan faults. These faults become shallower and gentler from southwest to northeast,and converge into a detachment zone of low resistivity at depth. Along the profile,the electric structure is relatively simple in the middle and lower crust and complex in the upper crust. The upper crust can be divided into six electric blocks,geologically corresponding to the middle Qilian swell,north Qilian fold zone,Lenglong swell,Wuwei basin,Chaoshui basin,and Beidashan swell,respectively. Below the Wuwei basin,Chaoshui basin,and Beidashan swell,there exist low-resistivity layers in the middle and lower crust at different depths. It is inferred that the upper crust of the Qilian block overthrusts toward northeast while the middle and lower crust of the Alxa block underthrusts to southwest. The epicentre of the 1927 Gulang M8 earthquake is located at a steep step-shape zone in the electric structure. South to and above the seismic source there is high resistivity,while north to and below the source there is low resistivity. Combining these features of deep electric structure with the seismotectonics of this area,it is suggested that the 1927 M8 Gulang earthquake was resulted from the overthrusting along a low-angle detachment sheet at depth on a foreland fault under the NE-SW directed compressive stress.
引文
[1]邓起东,张维歧,汪一鹏等.海原断裂带和1920年海原地震断层的基本特征及其形成机制.见:现代地壳运动研究(3).北京:地震出版社,1987.9~25Deng QD,Zhang WQ,Wang Y P,et al.Main features of Haiyuan fault zone and1920Haiyuan earthquake faults and their formation mechanism.In:Jiang HXed.Researchon Recent Crustal Movement(3)(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1987.9~25
[2]顾功叙,林庭煌,时振梁等.中国地震目录(公元前1831-公元1969年).北京:科学出版社,1983Gu G X,Lin T W,Shi Z L.Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes(1831BC-1969AD).Beijing:Science Press,1983
[3]田勤俭,丁国瑜.青藏高原东北隅似三联点构造特征.中国地震,1998,14(4):27~35Tian QJ,Ding GY.Thetectonic feature of a quasi-tri-junctioninthe Northeastern Corner of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.Earthquake in China(in Chinese),1998,14(4):27~35
[4]国家地震局地质研究所,宁夏回族自治区地震局.海原活动断裂带.北京:地震出版社,1990Institute of Geology,State Seismological Bureau,Seismological Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Haiyuan Active Fault.Beijing:Seismological Press,1990
[5]国家地震局地质研究所,国家地震局兰州地震研究所.祁连山—河西走廊活动断裂系.北京:地震出版社,1993.175~180Institute of Geology,State Seismological Bureau,Institute of Geology,State Seismological Bureau.Qilian Mountain-Hexi Corridor Active Faults.Beijing:Seismological Press,1993.175~180
[6]Gaudemer Y,Tapponnier P,Meyer B,et al.Partitioning of crustal slip betweenlinked,active faults in the eastern Qilianshan,and evidence for a major seismic gap,the‘Tianzhu Gap’,on the western Haiyuan fault,Gansu(China).Geophys.J.int.,1995,120:599~645
[7]侯康明,邓起东,刘百篪.对古浪8级大震孕育和发生的构造环境及发震模型的讨论.中国地震,1999,15(4):339~348Hou K M,Deng QD,Liu B C.Research ontectonic environment and seismogenic mechanismof1927Gulang Great Earthquake.Earthquake in China(in Chinese),1999,15(4):339~348
[8]傅征祥,刘桂萍,陈棋福.青藏高原北缘海原、古浪、昌马大地震间相互作用的动力学分析.地震地质,2001,23(1):35~42Fu Z X,Liu GP,Chen QF.Dynamic analysis oninteraction between the Haiyuan-Gulang-Changma great earthquake inthe north boundary of the Tibetan plateau.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),2001,23(1):35~42
[9]郑文俊,袁道阳,张冬丽等.1927年古浪8级地震的破裂习性及破裂机制的数值模拟.中国地震,2004,20(4):353~363Zheng WJ,Yuan D Y,Zhang D L,et al.Rupture property in the GulangMs8.0earthquake,1927and numerical simulation of rupture mechanism.Earthquake in China(in Chinese),2004,20(4):353~363
[10]Tapponnier P,Xu Z Q,Roger F,et al.Oblique stepwise rise and growth of the Tibet.Science,2001,294(23):1671~1677
[11]Meyer B,Tapponnier P,Bourjot L,et al.Crustal thickeningin Gansu-Qinghai,lithospheric mantle subduction,and oblique,strike slip controlled growth of the Tibet Plateau.Geophysical Journal International,1998,135:1~47
[12]张培震,邓起东,张国民等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块.中国科学(D辑),2003,33:12~19Zhang P Z,Deng QD,Zhang G M,et al.Active tectonic blocks and strong earthquakes in the continent of China.Science in China(Series D),2003,46(Suppl.):13~24
[13]Unsworth M.用大地电磁勘探方法研究大陆动力学.地学前缘,2003,10(1):25~38Unsworth M.Studying continental dynamics with magnetotelluric exploration.Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),2003,10(1):25~38
[14]谭捍东,魏文博,Unsworth M等.西藏高原南部雅鲁藏布江缝合带地区地壳电性结构研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(4):685~690Tan HD,Wei WB,Unsworth M,et al.Crustal electrical conductivity structure beneath the Yarlung ZangBo Jiang suture in the southern Xizang plateau.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(4):685~690
[15]马晓冰,孔祥儒,刘宏兵,闫永利.青藏高原东北部地区地壳电性结构特征.地球物理学报,2005,48(3):689~697Ma X B,Kong X R,Liu HB,Yan Y L.The electrical structure of northeastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(3):689~697
[16]魏文博,金胜,叶高峰等.藏北高原地壳及上地幔导电性结构-超宽频带大地电磁测深研究结果.地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1215~1225Wei WB,Jin S,Ye G F,et al.Conductivity structure of crust and upper mantle beneaththe northern Tibetan Plateau:Results of super-wide band magmetotulleric sounding.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1215~1225
[17]OhamVN,Bernard P,Boyer D,et al.Electrical conductivity and crustal structure beneath the central Hellenides around the Gulf ofCorinth(Greece)and their relationship with the seismotectonics.Geophys.J.Ini.,2000,142:948~969
[18]Sarma S VS,Prasanta B,Patro K,et al.A magnetotelluric(MT)study across the Koyna seismic zone,western India:evidence for blockstructure.Physics ofthe Earth and Planetary Interiors,2004,142:23~36
[19]赵国泽,刘铁胜,江钊等.山西阳高—河北容城剖面大地电磁资料的二维反演解释.地球物理学报,1997,40(1):38~46Zhao GZ,Liu T S,Jiang Z,et al.Investigation on MT data along Yanggao-Rongcheng profile by two-dimensional inversion.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1997,40(1):38~46
[20]詹艳,赵国泽,汤吉等.新疆玛纳斯大震区地壳深部的电性结构.地震地质,1999,21(2):159~167Zhan Y,Zhao GZ,TangJ,et al.Preliminaryinvestigationonthe crust structure beneaththe Manas earthquake area in Xinjiang Autonomous Region by MT.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),1999,21(2):159~167
[21]邓前辉,王继军,汤吉等.三河—平谷8级大震区地壳上地幔电性结构特征研究.地震地质,2001,23(3):178~185Deng Q H,Wang J J,Tang J,et al.Electrical structures of the crust and upper mantle in Sanhe-PingguM8earthquake area China.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),2001,23(3):178~185
[22]詹艳,赵国泽,陈小斌等.宁夏海原大震区西安州—韦州剖面大地电磁探测与研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(2):274~281Zhan Y,Zhao G Z,Chen X B,Tang J,et al.Crustal structure from magnetotelluric profilinginthe Haiyuan earthquake area,Ningxia Hui autonomous region,China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(2):274~281
[23]汤吉,詹艳,赵国泽等.青藏高原东北缘玛沁—兰州—靖边剖面地壳上地幔电性结构研究.地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1205~1216Tang J,Zhan Y,Zhao G Z,et al.Electrical conductivity structure of the crust and upper mantle inthe northeastern margin of the Qinghai Tibet plateau along the profile Maqin—Lanzhou—Jingbian.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(5):1205~1216
[24]赵国泽,汤吉,詹艳等.青藏高原东北缘地壳电性结构和地块变形关系的研究.中国科学(D辑),2004,43(6):908~918Zhao GZ,Tang J,Zhan Y,et al.Relation between electricity structure of the crust and deformation of crustal blocks on the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Science in China(Series D),2005,48(1):1613~1626
[25]马宗晋,赵俊猛.天山与阴山—燕山造山带的深部结构和地震.地学前缘,1999,6(3):95~102Ma ZJ,Zhao J M.Contrast research on Tianshan oroigenic belt and Yishan-Yanshan orogenic belt.Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),1999,6(3):95~102
[26]张云琳,刘晓玲,安海静等.祁连山中段深部电性结构及潜在震源危险区的研究.中国地震,1994,10(1):62~71Zhang YL,Liu XL,An HJ,et al.Research on deeper structure of electricity and potential seismic risk areas at the middle Mt.Qilian.Earthquake in China(in Chinese),1994,10(1):62~71
[27]徐常芳.中国大陆地壳上地慢电性结构及地震分布规律(1).地震学报,1996,18(2):254~261Xu C F.The earthquake distribution and the resistivity structure in the Chinese mainland(Ⅰ).Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1996,18(2):254~261
[28]ChowSon Chen,Chien Chih Chen.Magnetotelluric soundings of the source area of the1999Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan:Evidence of fluids at the hypocenter.TAO,2000,11(3):679~688
[29]Bedrosian P A,Unsworth M,Egbert G,Thurber C H.Geophysical images of the creeping segment of the San Andreas fault:implications forthe role of crustal fluidsinthe earthquake process.Tectonophysics,2004,385:137~158
[30]Makoto Uyeshimal,Yasuo Ogawa,Yoshimori Honkura,et al.Resistivity imaging across the source region of the2004Mid-Niigata Prefecture earthquake(M6.8),central Japan.Earth Planets Space,2005,57:441~446
[31]徐常芳.深部流体在地震孕育和发生过程中的作用.地震,1998,18(增刊):89~97Xu C F.Aseismogenic theory related to deep seated fluids and its application.Earthquake(in Chinese),1998,18(Suppl.):89~97
[32]陈乐寿,王光锷.大地电磁测深法.北京:地质出版社,1990Chen LS,Wang GE.Magnetotelluric Method(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1990
[33]陈小斌,赵国泽,詹艳.MT资料处理与解释的Windows可视化集成系统.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(增刊):11~16Chen X B,Zhao GZ,Zhan Y.Avisual integrated windows systemfor MTdata process and interpretation.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2004,39(Suppl.):11~16
[34]Bai D H,Meju Maxwell A,Liao Z J.Magnetotelluric images of deep crustal structure of the Rehai geothermal field near Tengchong,southern China.Geophys.J.Ini.,2001,147:677~687
[35]Rodi W,Mackie RL.Nonlinear conjugate gradients algorithmfor2-D magnetotelluric inversion.Geophysics,2001,66(1):174~187
[36]地质矿产部地质研究所.兰州幅地质图(1∶100万).北京:地质出版社,1964Institute of Geology,Bureau of Geology and Mineral.Geology Map of Lanzhou(1∶1000000)(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1964
[37]马杏垣主编.中国及邻区海域岩石圈动力学图.北京:地质出版社,1986Ma X Yed.Map of Lithospheric Dynamics in China and Vicinity.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1986
[38]张元生,李清河,盛国英等.河西走廊中部地壳三维速度结构.见:石特临等编.河西祁连山中段地震危险基础研究.北京:地震出版社,1990.159~169Zhang YS,Li Q H,Sheng G Y,et al.3-Dvelocity structure in Hexi Corridor.In:Shi TLed.The Seismic Hazard Research of the Middle of West Qilian in Hexi Corridor.Beijing:Seismological Press,1990.159~169
[39]Jones AG.Electrical conductivity of the continental lower crust.In:Fountain D F,Arculus R,Kay R Weds.Continental Lower Crust.Amsterdam:Elsevier Press,1992.81~14
[2]顾功叙,林庭煌,时振梁等.中国地震目录(公元前1831-公元1969年).北京:科学出版社,1983Gu G X,Lin T W,Shi Z L.Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes(1831BC-1969AD).Beijing:Science Press,1983
[3]田勤俭,丁国瑜.青藏高原东北隅似三联点构造特征.中国地震,1998,14(4):27~35Tian QJ,Ding GY.Thetectonic feature of a quasi-tri-junctioninthe Northeastern Corner of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.Earthquake in China(in Chinese),1998,14(4):27~35
[4]国家地震局地质研究所,宁夏回族自治区地震局.海原活动断裂带.北京:地震出版社,1990Institute of Geology,State Seismological Bureau,Seismological Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Haiyuan Active Fault.Beijing:Seismological Press,1990
[5]国家地震局地质研究所,国家地震局兰州地震研究所.祁连山—河西走廊活动断裂系.北京:地震出版社,1993.175~180Institute of Geology,State Seismological Bureau,Institute of Geology,State Seismological Bureau.Qilian Mountain-Hexi Corridor Active Faults.Beijing:Seismological Press,1993.175~180
[6]Gaudemer Y,Tapponnier P,Meyer B,et al.Partitioning of crustal slip betweenlinked,active faults in the eastern Qilianshan,and evidence for a major seismic gap,the‘Tianzhu Gap’,on the western Haiyuan fault,Gansu(China).Geophys.J.int.,1995,120:599~645
[7]侯康明,邓起东,刘百篪.对古浪8级大震孕育和发生的构造环境及发震模型的讨论.中国地震,1999,15(4):339~348Hou K M,Deng QD,Liu B C.Research ontectonic environment and seismogenic mechanismof1927Gulang Great Earthquake.Earthquake in China(in Chinese),1999,15(4):339~348
[8]傅征祥,刘桂萍,陈棋福.青藏高原北缘海原、古浪、昌马大地震间相互作用的动力学分析.地震地质,2001,23(1):35~42Fu Z X,Liu GP,Chen QF.Dynamic analysis oninteraction between the Haiyuan-Gulang-Changma great earthquake inthe north boundary of the Tibetan plateau.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),2001,23(1):35~42
[9]郑文俊,袁道阳,张冬丽等.1927年古浪8级地震的破裂习性及破裂机制的数值模拟.中国地震,2004,20(4):353~363Zheng WJ,Yuan D Y,Zhang D L,et al.Rupture property in the GulangMs8.0earthquake,1927and numerical simulation of rupture mechanism.Earthquake in China(in Chinese),2004,20(4):353~363
[10]Tapponnier P,Xu Z Q,Roger F,et al.Oblique stepwise rise and growth of the Tibet.Science,2001,294(23):1671~1677
[11]Meyer B,Tapponnier P,Bourjot L,et al.Crustal thickeningin Gansu-Qinghai,lithospheric mantle subduction,and oblique,strike slip controlled growth of the Tibet Plateau.Geophysical Journal International,1998,135:1~47
[12]张培震,邓起东,张国民等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块.中国科学(D辑),2003,33:12~19Zhang P Z,Deng QD,Zhang G M,et al.Active tectonic blocks and strong earthquakes in the continent of China.Science in China(Series D),2003,46(Suppl.):13~24
[13]Unsworth M.用大地电磁勘探方法研究大陆动力学.地学前缘,2003,10(1):25~38Unsworth M.Studying continental dynamics with magnetotelluric exploration.Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),2003,10(1):25~38
[14]谭捍东,魏文博,Unsworth M等.西藏高原南部雅鲁藏布江缝合带地区地壳电性结构研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(4):685~690Tan HD,Wei WB,Unsworth M,et al.Crustal electrical conductivity structure beneath the Yarlung ZangBo Jiang suture in the southern Xizang plateau.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(4):685~690
[15]马晓冰,孔祥儒,刘宏兵,闫永利.青藏高原东北部地区地壳电性结构特征.地球物理学报,2005,48(3):689~697Ma X B,Kong X R,Liu HB,Yan Y L.The electrical structure of northeastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(3):689~697
[16]魏文博,金胜,叶高峰等.藏北高原地壳及上地幔导电性结构-超宽频带大地电磁测深研究结果.地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1215~1225Wei WB,Jin S,Ye G F,et al.Conductivity structure of crust and upper mantle beneaththe northern Tibetan Plateau:Results of super-wide band magmetotulleric sounding.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1215~1225
[17]OhamVN,Bernard P,Boyer D,et al.Electrical conductivity and crustal structure beneath the central Hellenides around the Gulf ofCorinth(Greece)and their relationship with the seismotectonics.Geophys.J.Ini.,2000,142:948~969
[18]Sarma S VS,Prasanta B,Patro K,et al.A magnetotelluric(MT)study across the Koyna seismic zone,western India:evidence for blockstructure.Physics ofthe Earth and Planetary Interiors,2004,142:23~36
[19]赵国泽,刘铁胜,江钊等.山西阳高—河北容城剖面大地电磁资料的二维反演解释.地球物理学报,1997,40(1):38~46Zhao GZ,Liu T S,Jiang Z,et al.Investigation on MT data along Yanggao-Rongcheng profile by two-dimensional inversion.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1997,40(1):38~46
[20]詹艳,赵国泽,汤吉等.新疆玛纳斯大震区地壳深部的电性结构.地震地质,1999,21(2):159~167Zhan Y,Zhao GZ,TangJ,et al.Preliminaryinvestigationonthe crust structure beneaththe Manas earthquake area in Xinjiang Autonomous Region by MT.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),1999,21(2):159~167
[21]邓前辉,王继军,汤吉等.三河—平谷8级大震区地壳上地幔电性结构特征研究.地震地质,2001,23(3):178~185Deng Q H,Wang J J,Tang J,et al.Electrical structures of the crust and upper mantle in Sanhe-PingguM8earthquake area China.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),2001,23(3):178~185
[22]詹艳,赵国泽,陈小斌等.宁夏海原大震区西安州—韦州剖面大地电磁探测与研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(2):274~281Zhan Y,Zhao G Z,Chen X B,Tang J,et al.Crustal structure from magnetotelluric profilinginthe Haiyuan earthquake area,Ningxia Hui autonomous region,China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(2):274~281
[23]汤吉,詹艳,赵国泽等.青藏高原东北缘玛沁—兰州—靖边剖面地壳上地幔电性结构研究.地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1205~1216Tang J,Zhan Y,Zhao G Z,et al.Electrical conductivity structure of the crust and upper mantle inthe northeastern margin of the Qinghai Tibet plateau along the profile Maqin—Lanzhou—Jingbian.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(5):1205~1216
[24]赵国泽,汤吉,詹艳等.青藏高原东北缘地壳电性结构和地块变形关系的研究.中国科学(D辑),2004,43(6):908~918Zhao GZ,Tang J,Zhan Y,et al.Relation between electricity structure of the crust and deformation of crustal blocks on the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Science in China(Series D),2005,48(1):1613~1626
[25]马宗晋,赵俊猛.天山与阴山—燕山造山带的深部结构和地震.地学前缘,1999,6(3):95~102Ma ZJ,Zhao J M.Contrast research on Tianshan oroigenic belt and Yishan-Yanshan orogenic belt.Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),1999,6(3):95~102
[26]张云琳,刘晓玲,安海静等.祁连山中段深部电性结构及潜在震源危险区的研究.中国地震,1994,10(1):62~71Zhang YL,Liu XL,An HJ,et al.Research on deeper structure of electricity and potential seismic risk areas at the middle Mt.Qilian.Earthquake in China(in Chinese),1994,10(1):62~71
[27]徐常芳.中国大陆地壳上地慢电性结构及地震分布规律(1).地震学报,1996,18(2):254~261Xu C F.The earthquake distribution and the resistivity structure in the Chinese mainland(Ⅰ).Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1996,18(2):254~261
[28]ChowSon Chen,Chien Chih Chen.Magnetotelluric soundings of the source area of the1999Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan:Evidence of fluids at the hypocenter.TAO,2000,11(3):679~688
[29]Bedrosian P A,Unsworth M,Egbert G,Thurber C H.Geophysical images of the creeping segment of the San Andreas fault:implications forthe role of crustal fluidsinthe earthquake process.Tectonophysics,2004,385:137~158
[30]Makoto Uyeshimal,Yasuo Ogawa,Yoshimori Honkura,et al.Resistivity imaging across the source region of the2004Mid-Niigata Prefecture earthquake(M6.8),central Japan.Earth Planets Space,2005,57:441~446
[31]徐常芳.深部流体在地震孕育和发生过程中的作用.地震,1998,18(增刊):89~97Xu C F.Aseismogenic theory related to deep seated fluids and its application.Earthquake(in Chinese),1998,18(Suppl.):89~97
[32]陈乐寿,王光锷.大地电磁测深法.北京:地质出版社,1990Chen LS,Wang GE.Magnetotelluric Method(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1990
[33]陈小斌,赵国泽,詹艳.MT资料处理与解释的Windows可视化集成系统.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(增刊):11~16Chen X B,Zhao GZ,Zhan Y.Avisual integrated windows systemfor MTdata process and interpretation.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2004,39(Suppl.):11~16
[34]Bai D H,Meju Maxwell A,Liao Z J.Magnetotelluric images of deep crustal structure of the Rehai geothermal field near Tengchong,southern China.Geophys.J.Ini.,2001,147:677~687
[35]Rodi W,Mackie RL.Nonlinear conjugate gradients algorithmfor2-D magnetotelluric inversion.Geophysics,2001,66(1):174~187
[36]地质矿产部地质研究所.兰州幅地质图(1∶100万).北京:地质出版社,1964Institute of Geology,Bureau of Geology and Mineral.Geology Map of Lanzhou(1∶1000000)(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1964
[37]马杏垣主编.中国及邻区海域岩石圈动力学图.北京:地质出版社,1986Ma X Yed.Map of Lithospheric Dynamics in China and Vicinity.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1986
[38]张元生,李清河,盛国英等.河西走廊中部地壳三维速度结构.见:石特临等编.河西祁连山中段地震危险基础研究.北京:地震出版社,1990.159~169Zhang YS,Li Q H,Sheng G Y,et al.3-Dvelocity structure in Hexi Corridor.In:Shi TLed.The Seismic Hazard Research of the Middle of West Qilian in Hexi Corridor.Beijing:Seismological Press,1990.159~169
[39]Jones AG.Electrical conductivity of the continental lower crust.In:Fountain D F,Arculus R,Kay R Weds.Continental Lower Crust.Amsterdam:Elsevier Press,1992.81~14
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心