井间高分辨率纵横波层析成像研究井间油藏
|
摘要
采用视速度-偏振井间波场分离法分离得到纵波和横波波场,使用跨孔地震走时层析成像级联方法计算井间纵波和横波速度结构以及泊松比空间分布.综合纵横波速度、泊松比和测井参数,分析两井间岩性和储层特性.数值模型试验表明该方法垂直分辨率达到主频波长的1/4,并能准确分辨倾斜断层和垂直断层.处理相同纵波资料结果表明本文方法分辨率远远高于以往的井间走时层析成像方法,比井间声波层析成像分辨率更高.使用该方法处理垦71区井间资料,得到同台同源纵波和横波速度结构和泊松比分布.泊松比的低/高变化与测井参数指示的砂/泥岩层基本吻合.根据泊松比分布,参考岩石地震物理学测试数据,可以区分井间介质中的泥岩层、砂岩层,以及砂岩层中的饱水和饱油区,确定储层的连通性,圈定井间的剩余油藏.
The P and S wave fields were obtained by crosswell apparent velocity-polarization separation method. Precise first-arriving times of P ahd S waves and the cross-hole seismic tomography cascade algorithm were used to obtain accurate and high resolution P wave and S wave velocity structures and Poisson s ratio. Joint interpretation of borehole logs, Poisson s ratio and velocity images of P- and S-wave was carried out to clarify the lithologic and reservoir characters between the two investigated boreholes. The experimental results with simulated and real seismic data show that this method can achieve a resolution for the thin horizontal layers up to 1/4 of the dominant wave length which is higher than that of acoustic waveform tomography, and can accurately distinguish slanting and vertical faults. We apply this method to obtain P wave and S wave velocity structures and Poisson s ratio in Ken 71 block. The research result reveals that the Poisson s ratio distribution matches well with borehole logs, and the distribution of the low/ high Poisson s ratio layers in the image is consistent with the location of sand/mud layers predicted from the borehole logs. According to seismic test data of rock physics, we can distinguish the shale, sandstone, water-bearing sandstone, oil-bearing sandstone, and can achieve fine descriptions of geologic formations, structures and reservoirs.
The P and S wave fields were obtained by crosswell apparent velocity-polarization separation method. Precise first-arriving times of P ahd S waves and the cross-hole seismic tomography cascade algorithm were used to obtain accurate and high resolution P wave and S wave velocity structures and Poisson s ratio. Joint interpretation of borehole logs, Poisson s ratio and velocity images of P- and S-wave was carried out to clarify the lithologic and reservoir characters between the two investigated boreholes. The experimental results with simulated and real seismic data show that this method can achieve a resolution for the thin horizontal layers up to 1/4 of the dominant wave length which is higher than that of acoustic waveform tomography, and can accurately distinguish slanting and vertical faults. We apply this method to obtain P wave and S wave velocity structures and Poisson s ratio in Ken 71 block. The research result reveals that the Poisson s ratio distribution matches well with borehole logs, and the distribution of the low/ high Poisson s ratio layers in the image is consistent with the location of sand/mud layers predicted from the borehole logs. According to seismic test data of rock physics, we can distinguish the shale, sandstone, water-bearing sandstone, oil-bearing sandstone, and can achieve fine descriptions of geologic formations, structures and reservoirs.
引文
[1] 陈国金,高志凌,吴永栓.井间地震层析成像中自动生成初始速度模型的方法研究.石油物探,2005,44(4) :339～342 Chen G J,Gao Z L,Wu Y S.The method of automatically building the initial velocity model used in the seismic tomography.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),2005,44(4) :339～342
[2] 陈国金,曹辉,吴永栓等.速度差对井间走时层析成像质量的影响及其改进方法.地球物理学报,2006,49(3) :915～922 Chen G J,Cao H,Wu Y S,et al.Effects of velocity contrast on the quality of crosswell travetime tomography and an improved method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3) :915～922
[3] 孔庆丰,王延光,左建军等.垦71区块井间地震资料处理研究与应用.物探与化探,2008,32(2) :175～179 Kong Q F,Wang Y G,Zuo J J,et al.The study and application of cross-well seismic data processing in Ken71 block.Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),2008,32(2) :175～179
[4] 曹辉,陈国金,郭建等.频率域2． 5-D井间波形层析成像及其实际应用.地球物理学报,2008,51(3) :915～923 Cao H,Chen G J,Guo J,et al.The 2． 5-D cross-well waveform tomography in the frequent domain and its practical application.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(3) :915～92
[5] Rao Y,Wang Y.Crosshole seismic tomography:working solutions to issues in real data travel time inversion.Journal of Geophysics and Engineering,2005,2:139～146
[6] Wang Y,Rao Y.Crosshole seismic waveform tomography,Ⅰ:strategy for real data application.Geophys.J.Int.,2006,166:1237～1248
[7] Rao Y,Wang Y,Morgan J V.Crosshole seismic waveform tomography Ⅱ:resolution analysis.Geophysical Journal International,2006,166:1237～1248
[8] 杜剑渊,杨文采.跨孔地震层析成像的级联方法.地球物理学报,1991,34(6) :771～780 Du J Y,Yang W C.Cascade approach for cross-hole seismic tomography.Acta Geoph ysica Sinica(in Chinese).1991,34(6) :771～780
[9] Liu J P,Qing Y,Yin H,et al.The research of crosswell wavefield simulution in different shooting condition.Near-Surface Geophysics and Human Activity,Science Press & Science Press USA Inc.,2008． 101～105
[10] 杨文采.井间多波地震层析成像与波场反演.北京:中国地质科学院地质研究所成果报告,2010 Yang W C.Crosshole seismic multiwave tomography and waveform inversion.Beijing,Geological Institute,Beijing:Chinese Academy of Geosciences Research Report(in Chinese),2010
[11] Chen Y,Zhang Z J,Tian X B.Complex polarization analysis based on windowed Hilbert transform and its application.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(4) ,889～895
[12] Langan R T,Lerche I,Cutler R T.Tracing of rays through heterogeneous media:An accurate and efficient procedure.Geophysics,1985,50:1456～1465
[13] 杨文采.地球物理反演与地震层析成像.地质出版社,1989． 153～161 Yang W C.Geophysics Inversion and Tomography(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Pubishing House,1989． 153～161
[14] 杨文采,杜剑渊.地震成像新算法及其在工程检测上的应用.地球物理学报,1994,37(2) :239～244 Yang W C,Du J Y.A new algorithm of seismic tomography with application to engineering detections.Acta Geophysica Sinica(in Chinese),1994,37(2) :239～244
[15] 瞿辰,周蕙兰,赵大鹏.使用纵波和横波走时层析成像研究菲律宾海板块西边缘带和南海地区的深部结构.地球物理学报,2007,50(6) :1757～1768 Qu C,Zhou H L,Zhao D P.Deep structure beneath the west margin of Philippine Sea plate and South China Sea from P and S wave trave time tomography.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(6) :1757～1768
[16] Tiziana A,Richard D Rechtiena,Steven J Cardimonaa,Ronaldo Luna.Crosshole seismic tomography and borehole logging for engineering site characterization in Sikeston,MO,USA.Tectonophysics,2003,368:119～137
[17] 李舟波,潘保芝,范晓敏等.地球物理测井数据处理与综合解释.北京:地质出版社,2008 Li Z B,Pan B Z,Fan X M,et al.Processing and Comprehensive Interpretation of Geophysical Well-Logging Data(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Pubishing House,2008
[18] 王炳章.地震岩石物理学及其应用研究[博士论文].成都:成都理工大学,2008 Wang B Z.Seismic Rock Physics and Its Applied Research[Master's thesis](in Chinese).Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2008
[2] 陈国金,曹辉,吴永栓等.速度差对井间走时层析成像质量的影响及其改进方法.地球物理学报,2006,49(3) :915～922 Chen G J,Cao H,Wu Y S,et al.Effects of velocity contrast on the quality of crosswell travetime tomography and an improved method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3) :915～922
[3] 孔庆丰,王延光,左建军等.垦71区块井间地震资料处理研究与应用.物探与化探,2008,32(2) :175～179 Kong Q F,Wang Y G,Zuo J J,et al.The study and application of cross-well seismic data processing in Ken71 block.Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),2008,32(2) :175～179
[4] 曹辉,陈国金,郭建等.频率域2． 5-D井间波形层析成像及其实际应用.地球物理学报,2008,51(3) :915～923 Cao H,Chen G J,Guo J,et al.The 2． 5-D cross-well waveform tomography in the frequent domain and its practical application.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(3) :915～92
[5] Rao Y,Wang Y.Crosshole seismic tomography:working solutions to issues in real data travel time inversion.Journal of Geophysics and Engineering,2005,2:139～146
[6] Wang Y,Rao Y.Crosshole seismic waveform tomography,Ⅰ:strategy for real data application.Geophys.J.Int.,2006,166:1237～1248
[7] Rao Y,Wang Y,Morgan J V.Crosshole seismic waveform tomography Ⅱ:resolution analysis.Geophysical Journal International,2006,166:1237～1248
[8] 杜剑渊,杨文采.跨孔地震层析成像的级联方法.地球物理学报,1991,34(6) :771～780 Du J Y,Yang W C.Cascade approach for cross-hole seismic tomography.Acta Geoph ysica Sinica(in Chinese).1991,34(6) :771～780
[9] Liu J P,Qing Y,Yin H,et al.The research of crosswell wavefield simulution in different shooting condition.Near-Surface Geophysics and Human Activity,Science Press & Science Press USA Inc.,2008． 101～105
[10] 杨文采.井间多波地震层析成像与波场反演.北京:中国地质科学院地质研究所成果报告,2010 Yang W C.Crosshole seismic multiwave tomography and waveform inversion.Beijing,Geological Institute,Beijing:Chinese Academy of Geosciences Research Report(in Chinese),2010
[11] Chen Y,Zhang Z J,Tian X B.Complex polarization analysis based on windowed Hilbert transform and its application.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(4) ,889～895
[12] Langan R T,Lerche I,Cutler R T.Tracing of rays through heterogeneous media:An accurate and efficient procedure.Geophysics,1985,50:1456～1465
[13] 杨文采.地球物理反演与地震层析成像.地质出版社,1989． 153～161 Yang W C.Geophysics Inversion and Tomography(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Pubishing House,1989． 153～161
[14] 杨文采,杜剑渊.地震成像新算法及其在工程检测上的应用.地球物理学报,1994,37(2) :239～244 Yang W C,Du J Y.A new algorithm of seismic tomography with application to engineering detections.Acta Geophysica Sinica(in Chinese),1994,37(2) :239～244
[15] 瞿辰,周蕙兰,赵大鹏.使用纵波和横波走时层析成像研究菲律宾海板块西边缘带和南海地区的深部结构.地球物理学报,2007,50(6) :1757～1768 Qu C,Zhou H L,Zhao D P.Deep structure beneath the west margin of Philippine Sea plate and South China Sea from P and S wave trave time tomography.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(6) :1757～1768
[16] Tiziana A,Richard D Rechtiena,Steven J Cardimonaa,Ronaldo Luna.Crosshole seismic tomography and borehole logging for engineering site characterization in Sikeston,MO,USA.Tectonophysics,2003,368:119～137
[17] 李舟波,潘保芝,范晓敏等.地球物理测井数据处理与综合解释.北京:地质出版社,2008 Li Z B,Pan B Z,Fan X M,et al.Processing and Comprehensive Interpretation of Geophysical Well-Logging Data(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Pubishing House,2008
[18] 王炳章.地震岩石物理学及其应用研究[博士论文].成都:成都理工大学,2008 Wang B Z.Seismic Rock Physics and Its Applied Research[Master's thesis](in Chinese).Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2008
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心