气枪阵列延迟激发技术探讨
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摘要
在深海拖缆地震勘探中,广泛应用气枪阵列组合。组合激发方式可压制因震源产生的虚反射波。本文利用不同深度气枪子阵列组合并采用延迟激发方式,压制虚反射、改善气枪激发子波的特性及激发子波的信噪比。文中理论模拟和实际资料分析表明,采用气枪阵列延时激发技术在一定程度上拓展了气枪子波频谱,对提高低频和高频成分能量均有一定效果。
The airgun array is widely used nowadays as a source in towed-streamer seismic survey.The array pattern can be used to attenuate the ghost caused by a source.In this paper we propose a method for ghost attenuation using a time-lapse explosion of sub-airgun arrays hanged in different water depths.The method improves the characteristics of source wavelet and signal-to-noise ratio.The theoretical simulation and the actual data show that the time-lapse explosion of airgun array enlarges the frequency spectrum of the source wavelet and improves energy both in low frequency and high frequency.
The airgun array is widely used nowadays as a source in towed-streamer seismic survey.The array pattern can be used to attenuate the ghost caused by a source.In this paper we propose a method for ghost attenuation using a time-lapse explosion of sub-airgun arrays hanged in different water depths.The method improves the characteristics of source wavelet and signal-to-noise ratio.The theoretical simulation and the actual data show that the time-lapse explosion of airgun array enlarges the frequency spectrum of the source wavelet and improves energy both in low frequency and high frequency.
引文
[1]高银波,张研.准噶尔盆地沙漠区延迟爆炸激发正演模拟分析.石油物探,2006,45(6):642~645GaoYin-bo,Zhang Yan.Forward modeling on delayedblast in the desert area of Junggar basin.GPP,2006,45(6):642~645
[2]谭绍泉.震源延迟叠加技术及应用效果.石油物探,2003,42(4):427~433Tan Shao-quan.The delay stack explosion techniqueand its applications.GPP,2003,42(4):427~433
[3]于世焕,丁伟,徐淑合等.延迟震源技术在三维高分辨率地震勘探中的应用.石油物探,2004,43(2):111~115Yu Shi-huan,Ding Wei,Xu Shu-he et al.Delayed blasttechnology and its application in 3D high resolution seis-mic prospecting.GPP,2004,43(2):111~115
[4]庄益明,孙培林.垂直叠加技术在地震勘探中的应用.中国煤田地质,2002,14(1):71~73Zhuang Yi-ming,Sun Pei-lin.Application of verticalstack technique in seismic prospecting.Coal Geologyof China,2002,14(1):71~73
[5]李文彬,王晓鸣,赵国志等.高分辨率地震勘探的垂向叠加震源研究.南京理工大学学报,2002,26(1):44~47Li Wen-bin,Wang Xiao-ming,Zhao Guo-zhi et al.Study of superimposed seismic source in vertical di-rection on high distinguish ability exploration.Jour-nal of Nanjing University of Science and Technolo-gy,2002,26(1):44~47
[6]赵殿栋,谭绍泉,张庆淮等.地震勘探中特殊震源的研制与应用.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):383~389Zhao Dian-dong,Tan Shao-quan,Zhang Qing-huai etal.Development and application of special source inseismic exploration.OGP,2001,36(4):383~389
[7]张会星,宁书年,杨峰等.时延爆炸理论及应用研究.中国煤田地质,2001,13(4):47~49Zhang Hui-xing,Ning Shu-nian,Yang Feng et al.The theoretical study of time-lapse explode methodand its application.Coal Geology of China,2001,13(4):47~49
[8]陈浩林,宁书年,熊金良等.气枪阵列子波数值模拟.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):363~368Chen Hao-lin,Ning Shu-nian,Xiong Jin-liang et al.Numerical simulation of air-gun array wavelet.OGP,2003,38(4):363~368
[9]Dragoset B.Introduction to air guns and air-gun arrays.The Leading Edge,2000,19(8):892~897
[10]Cambois G,Long A,Parkes G et al.Multi-level air-gun array—A simple and effective way to enhancelow frequencies in Marine seismic∥71st EAGE Con-ference and Exhibition,Amsterdam,The Nether-lands,2009
[2]谭绍泉.震源延迟叠加技术及应用效果.石油物探,2003,42(4):427~433Tan Shao-quan.The delay stack explosion techniqueand its applications.GPP,2003,42(4):427~433
[3]于世焕,丁伟,徐淑合等.延迟震源技术在三维高分辨率地震勘探中的应用.石油物探,2004,43(2):111~115Yu Shi-huan,Ding Wei,Xu Shu-he et al.Delayed blasttechnology and its application in 3D high resolution seis-mic prospecting.GPP,2004,43(2):111~115
[4]庄益明,孙培林.垂直叠加技术在地震勘探中的应用.中国煤田地质,2002,14(1):71~73Zhuang Yi-ming,Sun Pei-lin.Application of verticalstack technique in seismic prospecting.Coal Geologyof China,2002,14(1):71~73
[5]李文彬,王晓鸣,赵国志等.高分辨率地震勘探的垂向叠加震源研究.南京理工大学学报,2002,26(1):44~47Li Wen-bin,Wang Xiao-ming,Zhao Guo-zhi et al.Study of superimposed seismic source in vertical di-rection on high distinguish ability exploration.Jour-nal of Nanjing University of Science and Technolo-gy,2002,26(1):44~47
[6]赵殿栋,谭绍泉,张庆淮等.地震勘探中特殊震源的研制与应用.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):383~389Zhao Dian-dong,Tan Shao-quan,Zhang Qing-huai etal.Development and application of special source inseismic exploration.OGP,2001,36(4):383~389
[7]张会星,宁书年,杨峰等.时延爆炸理论及应用研究.中国煤田地质,2001,13(4):47~49Zhang Hui-xing,Ning Shu-nian,Yang Feng et al.The theoretical study of time-lapse explode methodand its application.Coal Geology of China,2001,13(4):47~49
[8]陈浩林,宁书年,熊金良等.气枪阵列子波数值模拟.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):363~368Chen Hao-lin,Ning Shu-nian,Xiong Jin-liang et al.Numerical simulation of air-gun array wavelet.OGP,2003,38(4):363~368
[9]Dragoset B.Introduction to air guns and air-gun arrays.The Leading Edge,2000,19(8):892~897
[10]Cambois G,Long A,Parkes G et al.Multi-level air-gun array—A simple and effective way to enhancelow frequencies in Marine seismic∥71st EAGE Con-ference and Exhibition,Amsterdam,The Nether-lands,2009
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