基于目标层反射能量的观测系统优化设计
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摘要
塔里木盆地克深地区地表起伏大、地下构造复杂,造成资料采集困难。针对工区资料信噪比低、成像不精确的问题,采用已有的采集资料进行叠前深度偏移退化性处理,得到排列长度、接收线数、炮密度等基本观测参数。在此基础上,构建了该区的地球物理模型,计算目标层的照明度,根据共反射点能量均匀及接收效率最大原则,对炮检距、接收线数和炮密度3个采集参数进行了优化设计。研究结果对提高复杂山地地震资料采集质量具有指导意义。
The surface condition of Keshen area,Tarim Basin is very rough,besides,the subsurface structure of it is very complicated too,causing a lot of difficulties in data collection.In light of the low signal to noise ratio and inaccuracy of imaging,a stack depth migration treatment on the existing data is made at first,then the array length,receiving lines,guns density and other basic observation parameters are acquired.Based on the above parameters,the geophysical model of this area is constructed and the illumination of the target stratum is calculated too.According to the Common Reflection Point(CRP) energy homogeneous principle and maximum receiving efficiency,geophone distance,receiving lines and guns density are optimized.The research results are instructive to improve the quality of seismic data acquisition in complex mountainous area.
The surface condition of Keshen area,Tarim Basin is very rough,besides,the subsurface structure of it is very complicated too,causing a lot of difficulties in data collection.In light of the low signal to noise ratio and inaccuracy of imaging,a stack depth migration treatment on the existing data is made at first,then the array length,receiving lines,guns density and other basic observation parameters are acquired.Based on the above parameters,the geophysical model of this area is constructed and the illumination of the target stratum is calculated too.According to the Common Reflection Point(CRP) energy homogeneous principle and maximum receiving efficiency,geophone distance,receiving lines and guns density are optimized.The research results are instructive to improve the quality of seismic data acquisition in complex mountainous area.
引文
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[16]尹成,吕公河,田继东,等.基于地球物理目标参数的三维观测系统的优化设计[J].石油物探,2006,45(1):74-78.
[17]邓飞.剖面三维地质建模与高斯射线束正演的研究与实现[D].四川成都:成都理工大学,2007.
[2]李万万.基于波动方程正演的地震观测系统设计[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2):134-141.
[3]Rietveld W E A.Berkhout A I,Wapenaar C P A.Optimum seismic illumination of hydrocarbon reservoirs[J].Geophys-ics,1992,57(10):1334-1345.
[4]Tygel M,Leykam A,Hubral P,et al.Transforming a point-source seismogram into a beam seismogram[J].Geo-physics1991,56(11):1819-1824.
[5]Sun YH,Qin FH,Checkles S,et al.3-D prestack Kirchhoff beam migration for depth imaging[J].Geophysics,2000,65(5):1592-1603.
[6]Berkhout A J.Design criteria for3-D seismic acquisition[J].Seismic Explor,1998,7(1):65-72.
[7]Wu R S.Mapping directional illumination and acquisition aperture efficacy by beamlet propagators[J].Expanded Abstracts of72nd SEG Mt g,2002,1352-1355.
[8]Wu R S.Acquisition aperture correction in angle domainand true amplitude imaging for wave equation migration[J].Expanded Abstracts of74th SEG Mt g,2004,937-940.
[9]周星合.地质模型创建及地震采集设计中地震波照明度模拟与分析研究[D].四川成都:西南石油大学,2006.
[10]陈秀梅,王华忠,马在田.多地质日标地表控制照明叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5):507-511.
[11]冯伟,王华忠,吴如山,等.面向目标控制照明的合成波源偏移[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):223-228.
[12]Ostmo S.Seismic illumination from finite difference model-ing[J].Expanded Abstracts of65th Conference&Tech-nical Exhibition,EAGE,2003,140-147.
[13]Xie X b.Wave-equation-based seismic illumination analysis[J].Geophysics,2006,71(5):169-177.
[14]陈生昌,马在田,吴如山.波动方程双程地下方向照明分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2007,35(5):681-684.
[15]熊翥.我国西部山前冲断带油气勘探地震技术的几点思考[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(1):1-4.
[16]尹成,吕公河,田继东,等.基于地球物理目标参数的三维观测系统的优化设计[J].石油物探,2006,45(1):74-78.
[17]邓飞.剖面三维地质建模与高斯射线束正演的研究与实现[D].四川成都:成都理工大学,2007.
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