长白山天池火山区的谐频事件
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摘要
通过对长白山天池火山地区2002、2003和2005年夏季3期流动地震观测资料的频谱分析,发现火山口附近存在一种在频率域中形态比较特殊的地震事件,其频谱由1组等间隔的谱峰构成,峰值振幅随频率缓慢变化,形态与时间域中的谐波信号相似,我们把这种地震事件称为谐频事件。在3个夏季的流动观测中,共发现38个谐频事件,且这些事件大多与震群活动有关。分析表明,谐频地震频谱中的谐波现象与震源有关,可能是岩石破裂过程中,在特殊激发条件下,裂缝壁和裂缝内部岩浆或热液的压力扰动相互作用产生的。我们认为近年来长白山天池地震活动的突然增加和谐频事件的出现与深部岩浆的侵入活动有关。
By analyzing seismic data recorded by temporary seismic network deployed at Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic region in the summers of 2002,2003 and 2005,we find one type of events whose spectra appear to be special.The station-averaged spectrum of each event consists of a series of evenly-spaced narrow peaks,the amplitudes of peaks change gradually with the frequency,the shape of spectrum is quite similar to harmonic signal in time domain.We called such event as harmonic-spectral event.During the three summers,38 harmonic-spectral events were detected,and most of them occurred in seismic swarms.Analyses show that the harmonic spectral characteristics of these events are most likely associated with seismic sources,which might be caused by interaction with crack walls and pressure disturbances within magmatic or hydrothermal fluids filled inside of cracks at special excitation conditions,during the rock rupture processes.We suggest that the apparent increasing of seismicity and emergence of harmonic events in Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic region are associated with deep magmatic intrusion activities.
By analyzing seismic data recorded by temporary seismic network deployed at Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic region in the summers of 2002,2003 and 2005,we find one type of events whose spectra appear to be special.The station-averaged spectrum of each event consists of a series of evenly-spaced narrow peaks,the amplitudes of peaks change gradually with the frequency,the shape of spectrum is quite similar to harmonic signal in time domain.We called such event as harmonic-spectral event.During the three summers,38 harmonic-spectral events were detected,and most of them occurred in seismic swarms.Analyses show that the harmonic spectral characteristics of these events are most likely associated with seismic sources,which might be caused by interaction with crack walls and pressure disturbances within magmatic or hydrothermal fluids filled inside of cracks at special excitation conditions,during the rock rupture processes.We suggest that the apparent increasing of seismicity and emergence of harmonic events in Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic region are associated with deep magmatic intrusion activities.
引文
[1]上官志冠,2004,长白山天池火山流体监测研究,科技部“中国主要火山活动监测研究”社会公益项目专题报告。
[2]王庆良等,2004,火山形变活动分析,科技部“中国主要火山活动监测研究”社会公益项目专题报告。
刘若新,魏海泉,李继善,等.1998.长白山天池火山近代喷发[M].北京:科学出版社.LIU Ruo-xin,WEI Hai-quan,LI Ji-shan,et al.1998.The Recent Eruption of Tianchi Volcano,Changbaishan[M].Science Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
汤吉,刘铁胜,江钊,等.1997.长白山天池火山区大地电磁测深初步观测[J].地震地质,19(2):164—170.TANG Ji,LIU Tie-sheng,JIANG Zhao,et al.1997.Preliminary observations of the Tianchi volcano area in Chang-baishan Mountains by MTmethod[J].Seismology and Geology,19(2):164—170(in Chinese).
吴建平,明跃红,张恒荣,等.2005.2002年夏季长白山天池火山区的地震活动研究[J].地球物理学报,48(3):157—164.WU Jian-ping,MING Yue-hong,ZHANG Heng-rong,et al.2005.Seismic activity at the Changbaishan Tianchi volca-no in the summer of2002[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,48(3):157—164(in Chinese).
吴建平,明跃红,苏伟.2004.长白山天池火山的深部结构及地震活动特征研究[A].见:张中杰等主编.中国大陆地球深部结构与动力学研究.北京:科学出版社.859—871.WU Jian-ping,MING Yue-hong,SUWei.2004.Study on the deep velocity structures and seismicity in ChangbaishanTianchi volcano region[A].In:ZHANG Zhong-jie,et al(eds).The Deep Structure and Dynamics of the Chi-nese Mainland.Science Press,Beijing.859—871(in Chinese).
吴建平,明跃红,刘一鸣,等.2003.2002年8月20日长白山天池火山小震震群研究[J].地震地磁观测与研究,24(4):1—8.WU Jian-ping,MING Yue-hong,LIU Yi-ming,et al.2003.A study on the micro-earthquake swarm occurring onAug.20,2002in Changbaishan Tianchi volcano[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,24(4):1—8(in Chinese).
杨卓欣,张先康,赵金仁,等.2005.长白山天池火山区上三维速度结构层析成像[J].地球物理学报,48(1):107—115.YANG Zhuo-xin,ZHANG Xian-kang,ZHAO Jin-ren,et al.2005.Tomographic imaging of3-D crustal structure be-neath Changbaishan-Tianchi volcano region[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,48(1):107—115(in Chinese).
张先康,张成科,赵金仁,等.2002.长白山天池火山岩浆系统的深地震测深研究[J].地震学报,24(2):135—143.ZHANG Xian-kang,ZHANG Cheng-ke,ZHAO Jin-ren,et al.2002.Deep seismic sounding investigation into thedeep structure of the magma system in Changbaishan-Tianchi volcano region[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,24(2):135—143(in Chinese).
Chouet B A.1986.Dynamics of a fluid-driven crack in three dimensions by the finite difference method[J].J Geo-phys Res,91:13967—13992.
Chouet B A.1988.Resonance of a fluid-driven crack:radiation properties and implications for the source of long-peri-od events and harmonic tremor[J].J Geophys Res,93:4375—4400.
Chouet B A.1996.Long-period volcano seismicity:its source and use in eruption forecasting[J].Nature,380:309—316.
Dziak R P,Fox C G.2002.Evidence of harmonic tremor from a submarine volcano detected across the Pacific Oceanbasin[J].J Geophys Res,107:B5,B000177.
Garc s MA,Hansen R A.1998.Waveform analysis of seismoacoustic signals radiated during the Fall1996eruption atPavlof volcano,Alaska[J].Geophys Res Lett,25:1051—1054.
Hagerty MT,Schwartza S Y,Garc s MA,et al.2000.Analysis of seismic and acoustic observations at Arenal Volca-no,Costa Rica,1995—1997[J].J Volcanol Geotherm Res,101:27—65.
Hough S E,Dollar R S,Johnson P.2000.The1998earthquake sequence south of Long Valley Caldera,California:Hints of magmatic involvement[J].Bull Seismol Soc Am,90:752—763.
Julian B R.1994.Volcanic tremor:nonlinear excitation by fluid flow[J].J Geophys Res,99:11859—11877.
Julian B R.2000.Period doubling and other nonlinear phenomena in volcanic earthquakes and tremor[J].J VolcanolGeotherm Res,101:19—26.
Konstantinou K I,Schlindwein V.2002.Nature,wavefield properties and source mechanism of volcanic tremor:a re-view[J].J Volcanol Geotherm Res,119:161—187.
Lane S J,Chouet B A,Philips J C,et al.2001.Experimental observations and flowregimes in an analogue volcanicsystem[J].J Geophys Res,106:6461—6476.
McNutt S R.1986.Observations and analysis of B-type earthquakes,explosions and volcanic tremor at Pavlof volcano,Alaska[J].Bull Seismol Soc Am,76:153—175.
Morrissey M M,Chouet B A.1997.A numerical investigation of choked flowdynamics and its application to the trig-gering mechanism of long-period events at Redoubt volcano,Alaska[J].J Geophys Res,102:7965—7983.
Powell TW,Neuberg J.2003.Time dependent features in tremor spectra[J].J Volcanol Geotherm Res,128:177—185.
Schlindwein V,Wassermann J,Scherbaum F.1995.Spectral analysis of harmonic tremor signals at Mt.Semeru volca-no,Indonesia[J].Geophys Res Lett,22:1685—1688.
Wu J,Jiao W,Ming Y,et al.2006.Attenuation of coda waves at the Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic area in Northeast China[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,163:1351—1368.
[2]王庆良等,2004,火山形变活动分析,科技部“中国主要火山活动监测研究”社会公益项目专题报告。
刘若新,魏海泉,李继善,等.1998.长白山天池火山近代喷发[M].北京:科学出版社.LIU Ruo-xin,WEI Hai-quan,LI Ji-shan,et al.1998.The Recent Eruption of Tianchi Volcano,Changbaishan[M].Science Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
汤吉,刘铁胜,江钊,等.1997.长白山天池火山区大地电磁测深初步观测[J].地震地质,19(2):164—170.TANG Ji,LIU Tie-sheng,JIANG Zhao,et al.1997.Preliminary observations of the Tianchi volcano area in Chang-baishan Mountains by MTmethod[J].Seismology and Geology,19(2):164—170(in Chinese).
吴建平,明跃红,张恒荣,等.2005.2002年夏季长白山天池火山区的地震活动研究[J].地球物理学报,48(3):157—164.WU Jian-ping,MING Yue-hong,ZHANG Heng-rong,et al.2005.Seismic activity at the Changbaishan Tianchi volca-no in the summer of2002[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,48(3):157—164(in Chinese).
吴建平,明跃红,苏伟.2004.长白山天池火山的深部结构及地震活动特征研究[A].见:张中杰等主编.中国大陆地球深部结构与动力学研究.北京:科学出版社.859—871.WU Jian-ping,MING Yue-hong,SUWei.2004.Study on the deep velocity structures and seismicity in ChangbaishanTianchi volcano region[A].In:ZHANG Zhong-jie,et al(eds).The Deep Structure and Dynamics of the Chi-nese Mainland.Science Press,Beijing.859—871(in Chinese).
吴建平,明跃红,刘一鸣,等.2003.2002年8月20日长白山天池火山小震震群研究[J].地震地磁观测与研究,24(4):1—8.WU Jian-ping,MING Yue-hong,LIU Yi-ming,et al.2003.A study on the micro-earthquake swarm occurring onAug.20,2002in Changbaishan Tianchi volcano[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,24(4):1—8(in Chinese).
杨卓欣,张先康,赵金仁,等.2005.长白山天池火山区上三维速度结构层析成像[J].地球物理学报,48(1):107—115.YANG Zhuo-xin,ZHANG Xian-kang,ZHAO Jin-ren,et al.2005.Tomographic imaging of3-D crustal structure be-neath Changbaishan-Tianchi volcano region[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,48(1):107—115(in Chinese).
张先康,张成科,赵金仁,等.2002.长白山天池火山岩浆系统的深地震测深研究[J].地震学报,24(2):135—143.ZHANG Xian-kang,ZHANG Cheng-ke,ZHAO Jin-ren,et al.2002.Deep seismic sounding investigation into thedeep structure of the magma system in Changbaishan-Tianchi volcano region[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,24(2):135—143(in Chinese).
Chouet B A.1986.Dynamics of a fluid-driven crack in three dimensions by the finite difference method[J].J Geo-phys Res,91:13967—13992.
Chouet B A.1988.Resonance of a fluid-driven crack:radiation properties and implications for the source of long-peri-od events and harmonic tremor[J].J Geophys Res,93:4375—4400.
Chouet B A.1996.Long-period volcano seismicity:its source and use in eruption forecasting[J].Nature,380:309—316.
Dziak R P,Fox C G.2002.Evidence of harmonic tremor from a submarine volcano detected across the Pacific Oceanbasin[J].J Geophys Res,107:B5,B000177.
Garc s MA,Hansen R A.1998.Waveform analysis of seismoacoustic signals radiated during the Fall1996eruption atPavlof volcano,Alaska[J].Geophys Res Lett,25:1051—1054.
Hagerty MT,Schwartza S Y,Garc s MA,et al.2000.Analysis of seismic and acoustic observations at Arenal Volca-no,Costa Rica,1995—1997[J].J Volcanol Geotherm Res,101:27—65.
Hough S E,Dollar R S,Johnson P.2000.The1998earthquake sequence south of Long Valley Caldera,California:Hints of magmatic involvement[J].Bull Seismol Soc Am,90:752—763.
Julian B R.1994.Volcanic tremor:nonlinear excitation by fluid flow[J].J Geophys Res,99:11859—11877.
Julian B R.2000.Period doubling and other nonlinear phenomena in volcanic earthquakes and tremor[J].J VolcanolGeotherm Res,101:19—26.
Konstantinou K I,Schlindwein V.2002.Nature,wavefield properties and source mechanism of volcanic tremor:a re-view[J].J Volcanol Geotherm Res,119:161—187.
Lane S J,Chouet B A,Philips J C,et al.2001.Experimental observations and flowregimes in an analogue volcanicsystem[J].J Geophys Res,106:6461—6476.
McNutt S R.1986.Observations and analysis of B-type earthquakes,explosions and volcanic tremor at Pavlof volcano,Alaska[J].Bull Seismol Soc Am,76:153—175.
Morrissey M M,Chouet B A.1997.A numerical investigation of choked flowdynamics and its application to the trig-gering mechanism of long-period events at Redoubt volcano,Alaska[J].J Geophys Res,102:7965—7983.
Powell TW,Neuberg J.2003.Time dependent features in tremor spectra[J].J Volcanol Geotherm Res,128:177—185.
Schlindwein V,Wassermann J,Scherbaum F.1995.Spectral analysis of harmonic tremor signals at Mt.Semeru volca-no,Indonesia[J].Geophys Res Lett,22:1685—1688.
Wu J,Jiao W,Ming Y,et al.2006.Attenuation of coda waves at the Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic area in Northeast China[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,163:1351—1368.
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