城市小区居民地震灾害认知与响应的初步研究——以宝鸡市宝钛小区为例
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摘要
城市小区居民地震灾害认知与响应的研究,可为制定防震减灾相关政策提供实证依据。通过问卷调查方式,采用比较分析法,对宝鸡市宝钛小区居民的地震灾害认知与响应状况进行研究。结果表明,居民地震灾害认知与响应的总体水平不够理想,其中在自救互救方面最差,在地震灾害知识方面较好;居民对地震灾害知识了解的准确性欠缺、深度不够,防震减灾技能掌握不足,但有迫切的学习需求;居民自救互救的主动性和组织性较差,互救意识淡薄,地震谣言辨别能力不强,易于传播谣言。因此,充分发挥小区基层机构的宣传、引导、组织和管理作用,提升小区居民对地震灾害的认知与响应水平,是增强城市小区防震减灾综合能力的有效途径之一。
The research on earthquake disaster cognition and response of urban community residents can provide a demonstration basis for making up corresponding policies for the earthquake disaster prevention and mitigation.Through questionnaire investigation and comparative analysis method,this paper made a research on earthquake disaster cognition and response of the Baotai Community residents in Baoji City.The results showed that:(1) The overall level of earthquake disaster cognition and response of the residents is not ideal,and the residents' self and mutual rescue is the worst,while the residents' disaster knowledge is better.(2) The accuracy and depth of the residents' earthquake disaster knowledge,as well as the earthquake disaster coping skills are not enough,though they expressed an urge for learning.(3) The self and mutual rescue of the residents is passive and poorly organized,and the ability of discriminating and resisting earthquake rumors is not good as expected.(4) The fully playing of community-level facilities' actions of propagation,guidance,organization and management,is one of the effective ways to enhance the comprehensive ability of urban community for earthquake disaster prevention and mitigation.
The research on earthquake disaster cognition and response of urban community residents can provide a demonstration basis for making up corresponding policies for the earthquake disaster prevention and mitigation.Through questionnaire investigation and comparative analysis method,this paper made a research on earthquake disaster cognition and response of the Baotai Community residents in Baoji City.The results showed that:(1) The overall level of earthquake disaster cognition and response of the residents is not ideal,and the residents' self and mutual rescue is the worst,while the residents' disaster knowledge is better.(2) The accuracy and depth of the residents' earthquake disaster knowledge,as well as the earthquake disaster coping skills are not enough,though they expressed an urge for learning.(3) The self and mutual rescue of the residents is passive and poorly organized,and the ability of discriminating and resisting earthquake rumors is not good as expected.(4) The fully playing of community-level facilities' actions of propagation,guidance,organization and management,is one of the effective ways to enhance the comprehensive ability of urban community for earthquake disaster prevention and mitigation.
引文
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周旗、郁耀闯,2008,山区乡村居民的自然灾害感知研究——以陕西省太白县咀头镇上白云村为例,山地学报,26(5),571～576。
周旗、郁耀闯,2009,乡村居民灾害感知分析,中国农学通报,25(3),301～306。
葛全胜、陈泮勤、方修琦等,2004,全球变化的区域适应研究:挑战与研究对策,地球科学进展,19(4),516～524。
李景宜,2005,公众风险感知评价——以高校在校生为例,自然灾害学报,14(6),153～156。
李景宜、周旗、严瑞,2002,国民灾害感知能力测评指标体系研究,自然灾害学报,11(4),129～134。
刘东生,2002,全球变化和可持续发展科学,地学前缘,9(1),1～8。
吕君、陈田、刘丽梅,2009,旅游者环境意识的调查与分析,地理研究,28(1),259～270。
苏桂武、王悦、张书维等,2008,汶川地震灾区民众认知与响应地震灾害的特点及其减灾宣教意义——以四川德阳市为例,地震地质,30(4),877～894。
孙保国,2009,宝鸡市政府在汶川地震应急工作中的组织与管理,中国应急救援,(1),40～44。
王若嘉、苏桂武、张书维等,2009,云南普洱地区中学生认知与响应地震灾害特点的初步研究——以2007宁洱6.4级地震灾害为例,灾害学,24(1),133～138。
文彦君,2010,城市中学生地震灾害感知研究———以陕西省宝鸡市石油中学为例,灾害学,25(4),78～83。
叶笃正,1999,中国的全球变化与可持续发展的研究,地球科学进展,14(4),317～318。
叶笃正、符淙斌、季劲钧等,2001,有序人类活动与生存环境,地球科学进展,16(4),453～460。
郁耀闯、周旗、王长燕,2010,普通民众认知与响应汶川MS8.0地震特征分析——以陕西勉县为例,地震地质,32(2),269～281。
周旗、郁耀闯,2008,山区乡村居民的自然灾害感知研究——以陕西省太白县咀头镇上白云村为例,山地学报,26(5),571～576。
周旗、郁耀闯,2009,乡村居民灾害感知分析,中国农学通报,25(3),301～306。
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