大震前宏观异常的机理研究
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摘要
主要通过对1975年海城地震前出现的宏观异常现象的分析,推测大震前在震源区的地下岩体中就已产生了贯通到近地面的规模不等的宏观裂缝,在构造应力场的持续作用下裂缝会进一步的扩张、错动和贯通形成更大规模的裂缝。而发震断层实际上是主震前沿发震断裂上的裂缝最后一次扩张、错动和贯通的结果。论证了大震之前这些裂缝的进一步的扩张以及沿这些裂缝热物质的上涌导致了震前形式多样的各种宏观前兆现象的产生。
By investigating the various macro abnormal phenomena mainly before Haicheng earthquake in 1975,it is deduced that there are many rifts of different size underground in epicentral region before a great earthquake.These rifts can be found on the surface sometimes.Under the sustainable action of tectonic stress field,the expansion,dislocation and joint within or between these rifts will produce new rifts with greater size.The seismic fault,which was seen after the main shock,is the result of the last expansion,dislocation and joint of the rifts along the fault before the main shock.It is the expansion of these rifts and hot fluid moving up along them cause the various forms of macro abnormal phenomena before a great earthquake.
By investigating the various macro abnormal phenomena mainly before Haicheng earthquake in 1975,it is deduced that there are many rifts of different size underground in epicentral region before a great earthquake.These rifts can be found on the surface sometimes.Under the sustainable action of tectonic stress field,the expansion,dislocation and joint within or between these rifts will produce new rifts with greater size.The seismic fault,which was seen after the main shock,is the result of the last expansion,dislocation and joint of the rifts along the fault before the main shock.It is the expansion of these rifts and hot fluid moving up along them cause the various forms of macro abnormal phenomena before a great earthquake.
引文
[1]陈立德,赵维城,等编.一九七六年龙陵地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1979.
[2]国家地震局《一九七六年唐山地震》编辑组.一九七六年唐山地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1982.
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[7]张元生,沈文荣,徐晖.青新8.1级地震前卫星热红外异常[J].西北地震学报,2002,24(1):1-4.
[8]徐登秀,强祖基,赁常恭,等.突发性地面增温与临震前兆———以1988年澜沧、耿马7.6,7.2级地震为例[J].地震地质,1990,12(3):243-245.
[9]马未宇,徐秀登,徐保华,等.印度尼西亚MW9.0地震序列与增温异常和天体引潮力的相关关系研究[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(2):129-133.
[10]韩元杰.预滑与地震前兆———长周期波动研究[J].西北地震学报,1984,6(1):17-24.
[11]王庆良,张晓东,崔笃信,等.理解前兆异常变化机理和地震短临前兆[J].国际地震动态,2005,5:131-144.
[12]杨立民.汶川地震临震地脉动记录特殊频率波动现象及其重现性初步研究[J].国际地震动态,2009,1:14-19.
[13]张后全,唐春安,贺永年,等.岩石微破裂进程的自组织临界特征探讨[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(1):1-5.
[14]郭增建,秦保燕.地震成因和地震预报[M].北京:地震出版社,1991.
[15]于海英,王栋,杨永强,等.汶川8.0级地震强震动特征初步分析[J].震灾防御技术,2008,3(4):321-336.
[2]国家地震局《一九七六年唐山地震》编辑组.一九七六年唐山地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1982.
[3]四川省地震局编.一九七六年松潘地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1979.
[4]朱凤鸣,吴戈,等编.一九七五年海城地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1982.
[5]辛宝恒.地震前地温突升现象研究[J].国际地震动态,2008,12:11-18.
[6]郭卫英,王琼,高歌,等.新疆OLR基本特征及强震前的异常现象[J].西北地震学报,2008,30(2):163-167.
[7]张元生,沈文荣,徐晖.青新8.1级地震前卫星热红外异常[J].西北地震学报,2002,24(1):1-4.
[8]徐登秀,强祖基,赁常恭,等.突发性地面增温与临震前兆———以1988年澜沧、耿马7.6,7.2级地震为例[J].地震地质,1990,12(3):243-245.
[9]马未宇,徐秀登,徐保华,等.印度尼西亚MW9.0地震序列与增温异常和天体引潮力的相关关系研究[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(2):129-133.
[10]韩元杰.预滑与地震前兆———长周期波动研究[J].西北地震学报,1984,6(1):17-24.
[11]王庆良,张晓东,崔笃信,等.理解前兆异常变化机理和地震短临前兆[J].国际地震动态,2005,5:131-144.
[12]杨立民.汶川地震临震地脉动记录特殊频率波动现象及其重现性初步研究[J].国际地震动态,2009,1:14-19.
[13]张后全,唐春安,贺永年,等.岩石微破裂进程的自组织临界特征探讨[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(1):1-5.
[14]郭增建,秦保燕.地震成因和地震预报[M].北京:地震出版社,1991.
[15]于海英,王栋,杨永强,等.汶川8.0级地震强震动特征初步分析[J].震灾防御技术,2008,3(4):321-336.
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