渤海湾盆地中央隆起带断裂构造特征及油气成藏作用
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摘要
通过地震物探对渤海湾盆地黄河口凹陷中央隆起带进行研究。中央隆起带主要发育NE、NEE和近EW向断裂,其中NE向断裂为走滑主断裂,在深部断续出现;NEE和近EW向断裂为走滑派生断裂,呈雁行排列。走滑主断裂由深到浅在走向上表现出不连续性和活动强度的不一致性。断裂表现为典型的负花状构造,显示走滑作用特征。剖面解释显示,古近纪断裂带以伸展作用为主,走滑作用不明显;新近纪以来右行走滑作用逐渐增强,并在新构造运动时期达到顶峰,形成了近东西展布的雁列式断裂组合,奠定了现今的中央隆起带的构造格局。中央隆起带临近烃源岩,油气运移距离短,是油气聚集的优势区。
Detailed field research on seismic sections of the central uplift belt of the Huanghekou Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,revealed that faults in the region largely extend in three directions(NE–SW,NEE–SWW,and E–W).The primary faults are strike-slip faults that extend NE–SW.The secondary faults striking NEE–SWW and E–W are derived from strike-slip faults,and show an en-echelon pattern.The primary faults are discontinuous with depth,and the intensity of activity varies along the depth profile.In cross-section,these faults appear as negative flower structures that are typical of strike-slip deformation.The cross-sectional structure indicates that the fault zone was dominated by an extensional regime in the Paleogene,when strike-slip activity was minimal.In the Neogene,right-lateral strike-slip motion gradually increased.Strike-slip motion has reached a peak in the current tectonic period,forming the en-echelon fault sets and building the central uplift belt.The faults of the central uplift belt create short hydrocarbon migration routes from the adjacent rocks,in which hydrocarbons accumulate.
Detailed field research on seismic sections of the central uplift belt of the Huanghekou Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,revealed that faults in the region largely extend in three directions(NE–SW,NEE–SWW,and E–W).The primary faults are strike-slip faults that extend NE–SW.The secondary faults striking NEE–SWW and E–W are derived from strike-slip faults,and show an en-echelon pattern.The primary faults are discontinuous with depth,and the intensity of activity varies along the depth profile.In cross-section,these faults appear as negative flower structures that are typical of strike-slip deformation.The cross-sectional structure indicates that the fault zone was dominated by an extensional regime in the Paleogene,when strike-slip activity was minimal.In the Neogene,right-lateral strike-slip motion gradually increased.Strike-slip motion has reached a peak in the current tectonic period,forming the en-echelon fault sets and building the central uplift belt.The faults of the central uplift belt create short hydrocarbon migration routes from the adjacent rocks,in which hydrocarbons accumulate.
引文
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[14]孙玉花,纪友亮,王怀忠.高尘头地区砂层渗透率对石油运移与聚集影响的模拟实验研究[J].上海地质,2007,28(4):56-59.Sun Y H,Ji Y L,Wang H Z.An simulating experimental study on influence of permeability of sandstone to oil migration and accumulation in Gaochentou[J].Shanghai Geology,2007,28(4):56-59.
[15]张如才,彭文绪,王德英,等.黄河口凹陷油气勘探潜力分析[J].石油地质与工程,2009,23(2):9-13.Zhang R C,Peng W X,Wang D Y,et al.Analysis on hydrocarbon exploration potential in Huanghekou depression[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2009,23(2):9-13.
[2]周士科,李焱,陈生泽,等.渤海湾盆地渤中34区走滑断裂特征[J].江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(3):5-8.Zhou S K,Li Y,Chen S Z,et al.Characteristics of strike-slip faultsin Bozhong 34 zone of Bohai bay basin[J].Journal of JianghanPetroleum Institute,2004,26(3):5-8.
[3]万桂梅,汤良杰,周心怀,等.郯庐断裂带在渤海海域渤东地区的构造特征[J].石油学报,2009,30(3):342-346.Wan G M,Tang L J,Zhou X H,et al.Tectonic characteristics ofthe Tanlu fault zone in Bodong area of Bohai sea[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,2009,30(3):342-346.
[4]王国纯.郯庐断裂与渤海海域反转构造及花状构造[J].中国海上油气(地质),1998,12(5):1-7.Wang G C,Relationship of Tanlu fault to the inversion and flower structures in Bohai bay[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology Edition),1998,12(5):1-7.
[5]孙永河,漆家福,吕延防,等.渤中坳陷断裂构造特征及其对油气的控制[J].石油学报,2008,29(5):689-675.Sun Y H,Qi J F,Lv Y F,et al.Characteristics of fault structure and its control to hydrocarbon in Bozhong depression.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(5):689-675.
[6]邓津辉,王应斌,姜利群,等.黄河口凹陷渤中34-1复杂断块区构造特征及储层预测[J].石油地质与工程,2007,21(3):4-6,9.Deng J H,Wang Y B,Jiang L Q,et al.Structure features and reservoir prediction of Bozhong34-1complex fault-blocks zone in Huanghekou sag[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2007,21(3):4-6,9.
[7]陈斌,邹耀华,于水,等.渤中凹陷油气晚期快速成藏机理研究—以黄河口凹陷BZ34断裂带为例[J].石油天然气学报,2005,27(6):821-824.Chen B,Zou Y H,Yu S,et al.Late and rapid petroleum accumulation pattern in Bozhong depression by taking BZ34fault zone in Huanghekou depression for example[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2005,27(6):821-824.
[8]彭文绪,张志强,姜利群,等.渤海西部沙垒田凸起走滑断层演化及其对油气的控制作用[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):1-9.Peng W X,Zhang Z Q,Jiang L Q,et al.Evolution of strike-slip faults in the Shaleitian bulge of the western Bohai offshore and their control on hydrocarbons[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):1-9.
[9]杨克绳,胡平,党晓春.从地震信息看新生代郯庐断裂带的展布与活动[J].地学前缘,2009,16(4):241-251.Yang K S,Hu P,Dang X C.Distribution and activity of Tanlu fault belt in Cenozoic shown by seismic data[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2009,16(4):241-251.
[10]王家林.非地震石油物探的进展及其特点[J].上海地质,1997,18(1):5-9.Wang J L.The development and characteristics of non-seismic geophysical prospecting methods in oil and gas[J].Shanghai Geology,1997,18(1):5-9.
[11]彭文绪,张如才,樊建华,等.渤海海域西部凸起区大型雁列断层特征[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(5):795-801.Peng W X,Zhang R C,Fan J H,et al.Large scale en echelon faults on the west uplift in Bohai gulf,China[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(5):795-801.
[12]李西双,赵月霞,刘保华,等.郯庐断裂带渤海段晚更新世以来的浅层构造变形和活动性[J].科学通报,2010,55(8):684-692.Li X S,Zhao Y X,Liu B H,et al.Structural deformation and fault activity of the Tanlu fault zone in the Bohai sea since the late Pleistocene[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2010,55(8):684-692.
[13]丘楠生,苏向光,李兆影,等.郯庐断裂中段两侧坳陷的新生代构造—热演化特征[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(5):1497-1507.Qiu N S,Su X G,Li Z Y,et al.The Cenozoic tectono-thermal evolution of depressions along both sides of mid-segment of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone,east China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(5):1497-1507.
[14]孙玉花,纪友亮,王怀忠.高尘头地区砂层渗透率对石油运移与聚集影响的模拟实验研究[J].上海地质,2007,28(4):56-59.Sun Y H,Ji Y L,Wang H Z.An simulating experimental study on influence of permeability of sandstone to oil migration and accumulation in Gaochentou[J].Shanghai Geology,2007,28(4):56-59.
[15]张如才,彭文绪,王德英,等.黄河口凹陷油气勘探潜力分析[J].石油地质与工程,2009,23(2):9-13.Zhang R C,Peng W X,Wang D Y,et al.Analysis on hydrocarbon exploration potential in Huanghekou depression[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2009,23(2):9-13.
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