基于局部相似度的非稳态相位校正方法
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摘要
针对常规的常相位校正方法无法满足非稳态相位校正的精度要求,滑动时窗常相位校正方法虽然可以在一定程度上考虑相位的非稳态特性,但是其前提是相位变化分段平稳,因此该方法的精度有限,而且难以控制时窗大小,容易产生不稳定等问题。本文将相位估计看成最小二乘反演问题,在局部地震属性的框架下,根据最大方差模和相似系数的概念,利用零相位判别准则,实现了一种基于局部相似系数的非稳态相位校正方法。相对于滑动时窗常相位校正方法,本文方法精度更高、稳定性更好。理论模型和实际资料处理表明,本文方法可以有效实现信号的零相位化,改善叠加效果,提高地震资料的分辨率。
Conventional constant phase correction is not accurate enough when processing non-stationary data.Even though non-stationarity can be taken into account by constant phase correction method combined with moving-window technology in some sense,but it has limited accuracy and is not stable because of the piecewise-stationarity assumption.Moreover,it is difficult to control the moving window size.According to zero-phase criterion,we cast the phase-estimation problem into a least-squares inverse problem and propose a non-stationary phase correction method with the concept of kurtosis and similarity maximization under the framework of local attributes.Compared with the moving-window technology,the proposed method is more accurate and more stable to process non-stationary seismic data.Synthetic and real data examples demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the quality of stack profile and enhance the resolution of seismic data after zero-phasing effectively.
Conventional constant phase correction is not accurate enough when processing non-stationary data.Even though non-stationarity can be taken into account by constant phase correction method combined with moving-window technology in some sense,but it has limited accuracy and is not stable because of the piecewise-stationarity assumption.Moreover,it is difficult to control the moving window size.According to zero-phase criterion,we cast the phase-estimation problem into a least-squares inverse problem and propose a non-stationary phase correction method with the concept of kurtosis and similarity maximization under the framework of local attributes.Compared with the moving-window technology,the proposed method is more accurate and more stable to process non-stationary seismic data.Synthetic and real data examples demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the quality of stack profile and enhance the resolution of seismic data after zero-phasing effectively.
引文
[1]李振春,王希萍,韩文功.地震数据处理中的相位校正技术综述.地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):768～774Li Zhenchun,Wang Xiping,Han Wengong.Reviewof phase correction in seismic data processing.Pro-gress in Geophysics,2008,23(3):768～774
[2]Levy S and Oldenburg D W.Automatic phase correc-tion of common-midpoint stacked data.Geophysics,1987,52(1):51～59
[3]Longbottom J,Walden A T and White R E.Princi-ples and application of maximum kurtosis phase esti-mation.Geophysical Prospecting,1988,36(2):115～138
[4]White R E.Maximum kurtosis phase correction.Geo-physical Journal International,1988,95(2),371～389
[5]Wiggins R.Minimum entropy deconvolution.Geoex-ploration,1978,16(1):21～35
[6]Wiggins R.Entropy guided deconvolution.Geophy-sics,1985,50(12):2720～2726
[7]Baan M V D.Acoustic wave propagation in one-di-mensional random media:The wave localization ap-proach.Geophysical Journal International,2001,145(3):631～646
[8]Baan M V D.Time-varying wavelet estimation anddeconvolution by kurtosis maximization.Geophysics,2008,73(2):V11～V18
[9]Baan M V D and Fomel S.Nonstationary phase esti-mation using regularized local kurtosis maximization.Geophysics,2009,74(6):A75～A80
[10]Baan M V D,Perz M and Fomel S.Nonstationaryphase estimation for analysis of wavelet character.EAGE Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2010,D020
[11]Fomel S.Local similarity with the envelope as a seis-mic phase detector.SEG Technical Program Ex-panded Abstracts,2010,29:1555～1559
[12]周兴元.常相位校正.石油地球物理勘探,1989,24(2):119～129Zhou Xingyuan.Constant phase correction.OGP,1989,24(2):119～129
[13]白志信.子波剩余相位的校正.中国煤田地质,1996,8(2):48～50Bai Zhixin.Wavelet residual phase correction.ChinaCoal Geology,1996,8(2):48～50
[14]陈必远等.时空变分频常相位校正.石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(增刊1):103～108
[15]郭向宇等.混合相位子波的相位估算及校正.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(2):214～221Guo Xiangyu et al.Estimation and correction ofmixed phase wavelet phase.OGP,1998,33(2):214～221
[16]李合群,周兴元.时差、常相位校正及加权叠加.石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(4):415～418Li Hequn,Zhou Xingyuan.Moveout and constantphase corrections along with weighted stacking.OGP,2000,35(4):415～418
[17]宋宗平等.叠前常相位校正.大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(2):69～70Song Zongping et al.Prestack constant phase correc-tion.Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development inDaqing,2004,23(2):69～70
[18]国九英,周兴元.二维及三维地表一致性相位校正.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(3):345～350Guo Jiuying,Zhou Xingyuan.Surface consistentphase correction in 2-D and 3-D domains.OGP,1995,30(3):345～350
[19]高少武等.反射波地表一致性相位校正.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):480～487Gao Shaowu et al.Surface consistent phase correctionfor reflection wave.OGP,2001,36(4):480～487
[20]单联瑜等.相位校正判别准则的改进及应用效果分析.石油物探,2008,47(3):219～224Shan Lianyu.Improvement of discriminate criteria forphase correction and its application effect.GPP,2008,47(3):219～224
[21]姚逢昌.振幅谱补偿和相位校正.石油物探,1990,29(1):46～57Yao Fengchang.Amplitude spectra compensation andphase correction.GPP,1990,29(1):46～57
[22]Fomel S.Shaping regularization in geophysical-esti-mation problems.Geophysics,2007,72(2):R29～R36
[23]Fomel S.Local seismic attributes.Geophysics,2007,72(3):A29～A33
[2]Levy S and Oldenburg D W.Automatic phase correc-tion of common-midpoint stacked data.Geophysics,1987,52(1):51～59
[3]Longbottom J,Walden A T and White R E.Princi-ples and application of maximum kurtosis phase esti-mation.Geophysical Prospecting,1988,36(2):115～138
[4]White R E.Maximum kurtosis phase correction.Geo-physical Journal International,1988,95(2),371～389
[5]Wiggins R.Minimum entropy deconvolution.Geoex-ploration,1978,16(1):21～35
[6]Wiggins R.Entropy guided deconvolution.Geophy-sics,1985,50(12):2720～2726
[7]Baan M V D.Acoustic wave propagation in one-di-mensional random media:The wave localization ap-proach.Geophysical Journal International,2001,145(3):631～646
[8]Baan M V D.Time-varying wavelet estimation anddeconvolution by kurtosis maximization.Geophysics,2008,73(2):V11～V18
[9]Baan M V D and Fomel S.Nonstationary phase esti-mation using regularized local kurtosis maximization.Geophysics,2009,74(6):A75～A80
[10]Baan M V D,Perz M and Fomel S.Nonstationaryphase estimation for analysis of wavelet character.EAGE Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2010,D020
[11]Fomel S.Local similarity with the envelope as a seis-mic phase detector.SEG Technical Program Ex-panded Abstracts,2010,29:1555～1559
[12]周兴元.常相位校正.石油地球物理勘探,1989,24(2):119～129Zhou Xingyuan.Constant phase correction.OGP,1989,24(2):119～129
[13]白志信.子波剩余相位的校正.中国煤田地质,1996,8(2):48～50Bai Zhixin.Wavelet residual phase correction.ChinaCoal Geology,1996,8(2):48～50
[14]陈必远等.时空变分频常相位校正.石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(增刊1):103～108
[15]郭向宇等.混合相位子波的相位估算及校正.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(2):214～221Guo Xiangyu et al.Estimation and correction ofmixed phase wavelet phase.OGP,1998,33(2):214～221
[16]李合群,周兴元.时差、常相位校正及加权叠加.石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(4):415～418Li Hequn,Zhou Xingyuan.Moveout and constantphase corrections along with weighted stacking.OGP,2000,35(4):415～418
[17]宋宗平等.叠前常相位校正.大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(2):69～70Song Zongping et al.Prestack constant phase correc-tion.Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development inDaqing,2004,23(2):69～70
[18]国九英,周兴元.二维及三维地表一致性相位校正.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(3):345～350Guo Jiuying,Zhou Xingyuan.Surface consistentphase correction in 2-D and 3-D domains.OGP,1995,30(3):345～350
[19]高少武等.反射波地表一致性相位校正.石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):480～487Gao Shaowu et al.Surface consistent phase correctionfor reflection wave.OGP,2001,36(4):480～487
[20]单联瑜等.相位校正判别准则的改进及应用效果分析.石油物探,2008,47(3):219～224Shan Lianyu.Improvement of discriminate criteria forphase correction and its application effect.GPP,2008,47(3):219～224
[21]姚逢昌.振幅谱补偿和相位校正.石油物探,1990,29(1):46～57Yao Fengchang.Amplitude spectra compensation andphase correction.GPP,1990,29(1):46～57
[22]Fomel S.Shaping regularization in geophysical-esti-mation problems.Geophysics,2007,72(2):R29～R36
[23]Fomel S.Local seismic attributes.Geophysics,2007,72(3):A29～A33
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