Rayleigh面波作用下盆地场地响应特性研究
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摘要
以均匀弹性半空间解析Rayleigh面波作为波动有限元模型的入射场,计算分析了软、硬盆地介质参数、盆地尺寸等对Rayleigh面波地震动的影响规律,给出了盆地场地模型的Rayleigh面波地震图及其传播过程。主要认识有:1)沉积盆地介质由软变硬,对Rayleigh面波地表地震动的放大作用由大变小。2)盆地尺寸对Rayleigh面波地震动的影响,主要体现在对水平或竖向地震动走时的提前或滞后上。这与体波情形相类似。3)Rayleigh面波地震动作用下,软、硬方形盆地的"边缘效应"体现为地震动反应与周围介质有可观的差异;"盆地效应"体现为盆地介质不仅对地震动幅值有显著影响,而且会发现盆地边缘产生的在盆地区域内传播的多次反射波的存在,导致地震动持时的延长。
Analytical Rayleigh wave surface wave in homogeneous elastic half-space as the incident field of wave propagation-finite element model,the effect law of the Rayleigh surface wave ground motion on the soft and hard medium parameters,the dimensions of the basin are calculated and analyzed,at the same time,Rayleigh surface wave field seismograms and its propagation process of the basin model are given.The main conclusions are: 1) the amplification effect of the Rayleigh surface wave ground motion is from large to small,when sedimentary basins media from soft to hard.2) The situation that the basin dimensional size on the Rayleigh surface wave ground motion are mainly showed that the travel time of the horizontal or vertical ground motion is ahead or lag,which is similar with the body wave.3) Under the action of Rayleigh surface wave ground motions,the "edge effect" of the soft and hard square basin reflects that the ground motion response have a considerable difference to the surrounding medium.The "basin effect" shows not only the ground motion amplitude is significantly affected by the basin medium,but also the duration of ground motion is extended because the existence of multiple reflected waves,which is generated from the basin edge,and is free propagating in the basin area.
Analytical Rayleigh wave surface wave in homogeneous elastic half-space as the incident field of wave propagation-finite element model,the effect law of the Rayleigh surface wave ground motion on the soft and hard medium parameters,the dimensions of the basin are calculated and analyzed,at the same time,Rayleigh surface wave field seismograms and its propagation process of the basin model are given.The main conclusions are: 1) the amplification effect of the Rayleigh surface wave ground motion is from large to small,when sedimentary basins media from soft to hard.2) The situation that the basin dimensional size on the Rayleigh surface wave ground motion are mainly showed that the travel time of the horizontal or vertical ground motion is ahead or lag,which is similar with the body wave.3) Under the action of Rayleigh surface wave ground motions,the "edge effect" of the soft and hard square basin reflects that the ground motion response have a considerable difference to the surrounding medium.The "basin effect" shows not only the ground motion amplitude is significantly affected by the basin medium,but also the duration of ground motion is extended because the existence of multiple reflected waves,which is generated from the basin edge,and is free propagating in the basin area.
引文
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[2]MARTIN C.DUKE A D,LEEDS J.Soil conditions anddamage in the Mexico earthquake of July 28,1957[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am,1959,49(2):179-191.
[3]LU LAIYU,VALERIE MAUPIN,ZENG RONGSHENG,etal.Scattering of surface waves modelled by the integral equationmethod[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2008:1-16.
[4]YOSHIZAWA K,KENNETT B.Multi-mode surface wavetomography for the australian region using a three-stageapproach incorporating finite frequency effects[J].J.geophys.Res.,2004,109:B02310.
[5]GUCUNSKI N,WOODS,R.Numerical simulation of theSASW test[J].Soil Dyn.Earthq.Eng.,1992(11):213-227.
[6]MAH M,SCHMITT D.Determination of the complete elasticstiffnesses from ultrasonic phase velocity measurements[J].J.geophys.Res.,2003,108(B1):2016.
[7]O’NEILL,A.Seismic surface waves special issue:Guest editorial[J].J.Environ.Eng.Geophys.,2005,10(2):67-85.
[8]HERMAN G,MILLIGAN P,HUGGINS R,et al.Imagingshallow objects and heterogeneities with scattered guided waves[J].Geophysics,2000,65:247-252.
[9]CAMPMAN X,WIJK,K V,RIYANTI C,et al.Imagingscattered seismic surface waves[J].Near Surface Geophys.,2004(2):223-230.
[10]NISHIZAWA O,SATOH T,LEI X,et al.Laboratory studiesof seismic wave propagation in inhomogeneous media using alaser doppler vibrometer[J].Bull.seism.Soc.Am.,1997,87:809-823.
[11]SCALES J A,WIJK K V.Multiple scattering attenuation andanisotropy of ultrasonic surface waves[J].Appl.Phys.Lett.,1999,74(25):3899-3901.
[12]WIJK K,LEVSHIN.Surface wave dispersion from smallvertical scatters[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2004,31:L20602.
[13]SNIEDER R.3-d linearized scattering of surface waves and aformalism for surface wave holography[J].Geophys.J.R.astr.Soc.,1996a,84:581-605.
[14]SNIEDER R.The influence of topography on the propagationand scattering of surface waves[J].Phys.Earth planet.Inter.,1986b,44:226-241.
[15]FRIEDERICH W,WIELANDT,STANGE S.Multipleforward scattering of surface waves:comparison with an exactsolution and Born single scattering methods[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1993,112:264-275.
[16]MAUPIN V.A multiple-scattering scheme for modellingsurface wave propagation in isotropic and anisotropic three-dimensional structures[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2001,146:332-348.
[17]CAKIR O.The multilevel fast multipole method for forwardmodeling the multiply scattered seismic surface waves[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2006,167(2):663-678.
[18]周正华,温瑞智,毛国滨,等.Rayleigh波入射情形下的断层效应[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(5):1-6.
[19]刘晶波.波动的有限元模拟及其复杂场地对地震动的影响[D].哈尔滨:国家地震局工程力学研究所,1989.
[20]CHEN XUE-LIANG,GAO MENG-TAN,TAO XIA-XIN.Newmark“New”Explicit Step-by-step Integration Formulas[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series),2009,16(Sup.1):84-91.
[21]LIAO ZHENG-PENG,WONG HL.A transmitting boundaryfor the numerical simulation of elastic wave propagation[J].SoilDynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1984,3(4):174-183.
[22]LIAO ZHENG-PENG.Extrapolation nonreflecting boundaryconditions[J].Wave Motion,1996a,24:117-138.
[23]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导引(第一版)[M].北京:科学出版社,1996b.
[24]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导引(第二版)[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[25]周正华,廖振鹏.消除多次透射公式漂移失稳的措施[J].力学学报,2001,33(4):550-553.
[26]陈学良.复杂场地地震反应的若干问题研究[R].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2009.
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