南黄海西部滨浅海区埋藏古河道研究
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摘要
利用高分辨率浅层地震剖面对南黄海西部陆架浅海区埋藏古河道形态进行定量分析,估算其形成时期水动力环境的古水文参数,进而评价古环境。结果表明,被埋藏的下切古河道形成于距今大约4.4万a前,那时,南黄海西部陆架区出露地表。后来,随着全新世海侵时期海平面不断上升,河谷被淹没填埋。研究区经历了从陆地河流到河口和全部被海水淹没的过程。
Based on high-resolution shallow seismic profiles,morphology of the buried channels in the western shallow continental shelf area of the South Yellow Sea is quantitatively analyzed,with the attempts to estimate the paleo-hydrologic parameters during the formation of the incised channels and hence to assess the paleo-environment in which the channels formed.The results indicate that the buried channels formed at about 44cal kyr BP when the western shelf of the South Yellow Sea exposed subaerially,and drowned and filled subsequently with the sea-level rising during the Holocene transgression.The study area experienced the processes from fluvial and estuarine to fully marine.
Based on high-resolution shallow seismic profiles,morphology of the buried channels in the western shallow continental shelf area of the South Yellow Sea is quantitatively analyzed,with the attempts to estimate the paleo-hydrologic parameters during the formation of the incised channels and hence to assess the paleo-environment in which the channels formed.The results indicate that the buried channels formed at about 44cal kyr BP when the western shelf of the South Yellow Sea exposed subaerially,and drowned and filled subsequently with the sea-level rising during the Holocene transgression.The study area experienced the processes from fluvial and estuarine to fully marine.
引文
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[17]LIU J,SAITO Y,WANG H,et al.Stratigraphic development during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene offshore of the Yellow Riverdelta,Bohai Sea[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2009,36(4-5):318-331.
[18]SHEN S X,LI A C,YUAN W.Low Energy Environment of the Central South Yellow Sea[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1996,27(5):518-523.申顺喜,李安春,袁巍.南黄海中部的低能沉积环境[J].海洋与湖沼,1996,27(5):518-523.
[19]ORSI T H,DUNN D A.Correlations between sound velocity and related properties of glacio-marine sediments:Barents Sea[J].Geo-Marine Letters,1991,11(2):79-83.
[20]LEOPOLD L B,WOLMAN M G,MILLER J P.Fluvial Processes in Geomorphology[M].San Francisco:Dover Pablications,1964:522.
[21]FRIEDRICHS C T.Stability,shear stress and equilibrium cross-sectional geometry of sheltered tidal channels[J].Coast.Res.,1995,11(4):1062-1074.
[22]DURY G H.Attainable standards of accuracy in the retrodiction of palaeodischarge from channel dimensions[J].Earth Surf.Process.Landf.,1985,10(3):205-213.
[23]DURY G H.Discharge prediction,present and former,from channel dimensions[J].J.Hydrol.,1976,30(3):219-245.
[24]KNIGHTON D.Fluvial Forms and Processes:A New Perspective.Arnold Publishers,London.1998:389.
[25]JARRETT J T.Tidal Prism-Inlet Area Relationships[R].U.S.Army Coastal Engineering Research Center,Vicksburg,MS.1976,vol.3.
[26]NORDFJORD S,GOFF J A,AUSTIN J A J,et al.Seismic Geomorphology of Buried Channel Systems on the New Jersey Outer Shelf:Assessing Past Environmental Conditions[J].Marine Geology,2005,214(4):339-364.
[27]HJULSTROME F.Transportation of detritus by moving water.In:P D Trask ed:Recent Marine Sediments:A Symposium[C],Spec.Pub.Soc.econ.Paleont.Miner,4,Tulsa,1939:5-31.
[28]SUNDBORG A.The River Klaralven:A study of fluvial processes[J].Geogr.Annr,1956,38(3):238-316.
[29]ROSGEN D L.A classification of natural rivers.Catena,1994,22:169-199.
[30]LIU J,SAITO Y,KONG X H,et al.Delta development and channel incision during marine isotope stages 3and 2in the western SouthYellow Sea.Marine Geology,2010,278:54-76.
[31]LIU J P,MILLIMAN J D,GAO S,et al.Holocene development of the Yellow River's subaqueous delta,North Yellow Sea[J].Mar.Geol.2004,209,45-67.
[32]SAITO Y.Sea levels of the Last Glacial in the East China Sea Continental Shelf(In Japanese with English abstract)[J].Quat.Res.1998,37(3):235-242.
[33]CAO G J,WANG J,ZHANG X Q,et al.Characteristics and runoff volume of the Yangtze River’s paleovalley at Nanjing Reach in theLast Glacial Maximum[J].Acta Geographica Sinica.2009,64(3):331-338.曹光杰,王建,张学勤,等.末次盛冰期长江南京段河槽特征及古流量[J].地理学报,2009,64(3):331-338.
[34]YOU X T,ZHU H.The discharge variation in the two main rivers of China during the recent half century and the relationship with thesouth-to-north water transfer project[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2002,17(6):811-817.游性恬,朱禾.两大江河流量的半世纪变化与“南水北调”[J].地球科学进展,2002,17(6):811-817.
[35]LIU J,SAITO Y,WANG H,et al.Sedimentary evolution of the Holocene subaqueous clinoform off the Shandong Peninsula in theYellow Sea[J].Marine Geology,2007,236(3-4):165-187.
[2]BAO C W.Buried ancient channels and deltas in the Zhujiang River mouth shelf area[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1995,15(2):25-34.鲍才旺.珠江口陆架区埋藏古河道与古三角洲[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1995,15(2):15-34.
[3]KOU Y Q,Du D L.Sedimentary features of shallow ancient river channels on the northern shelf of the South China Sea.[J].Acta Geo-logica Sinica,1994,68(3):268-277.寇养琦,杜德莉.南海北部陆架第四纪古河道的沉积特征[J].地质学报,1994,68(3):268-277.
[4]BUTENKO J,YE Y C,MILLIMAN J D.Morphology,sediments and Late Quaternary history of the East China Sea.In:Qingming J,Milliman J D,eds.Sedimentation on the Continental Shelf with Special Reference to the East China Sea[C].Beijing:China Ocean Press,1983,653-677.
[5]MILLIMAN J D,QIN Y S,PARK Y A.Sediments and sedimentary processes in the Yellow and East China Seas.In:Taira A,MasudaF,eds.Sedimentary Facies in the Active Plate Margin[C].Tokyo:Terra Scientific Publishing Company,1989,233-249.
[6]LIU Z X.Yangtze Shoal a modern tidal sand sheet in the northwestern part of the East China Sea[J].Marine Geology,1997,137:321-330.
[7]SAITO Y,KATAYAMA H,IKEHARA K,et al.Transgressive and highstand systems tracts and post-glacial transgression,the EastChina Sea[J].Sedimentary Geology,1998,122(1-4):217-232.
[8]LIU Z X,BERN S,the L'ATALANTE Scientific Party.Paleochannels and paleodeltas in the continental shelf of the East China Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2000,20(1):9-14.刘振夏,BernéS,L'ATALANTE科学考察组.东海陆架的古河道和古三角洲.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2000,20(1):9-14.
[9]LIU Z X,BernéS,Saito Y,et al.Quaternary seismic stratigraphy and paleoenvironments on the continental shelf of the East China Sea[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2000,18(4):441-452.
[10]YOO D G,LEE C W,KIM S P,et al.Late Quaternary transgressive and highstand systems tracts in the northern East China Sea mid-shelf[J].Marine Geology,2002,187:313-328.
[11]BERN S,VAGNER P,GUICHARD F,et al.Pleistocene forced regressions and tidal sand ridges in the East China Sea[J].Marine Ge-ology,2002,188:293-315.
[12]LI G X,LIU Y,YANG Z G,et al.The Changjiang paleochannels on the shelf plain of the East China Sea during the last glaciation[J].SCIENCE IN CHINA Ser.D Earth Sciences,2005,35(3):284-289.李广雪,刘勇,杨子赓,等.末次冰期东海陆架平原上的长江古河道[J].中国科学:D辑(地球科学),2005,35(3):284-289.
[13]QIN Y S,LI F,TANG B J,et al.Buried paleo-channel systems in the west of the South Yellow Sea[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1986,(24):1887-1890.秦蕴珊,李凡,唐宝珏,等.南黄海西部埋藏古河系[J].科学通报,1985,(24):1887-1890.
[14]LI F,YU J J,JIANG X H,et al.Study on Buried paleo-channel system in the South Yellow Sea[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia sinica,1991,22(6):501-508.李凡,于建军,姜秀珩,等.南黄海埋藏古河系研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1991,22(6):501-508.
[15]LI C X,ZHANG G J.Progress on high resolution sequence stratigraphy in incised paleovalley[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,1996,11(2):216-220.李从先,张桂甲.下切古河谷高分辨率层序地层学研究的进展[J].地球科学进展,1996,11(2):216-220.
[16]WANG M T,ZHUANG Z Y,GE S L,et al.Sediment Characteristics of the Shallow Buried paleo-Channels in the North-central Lia-odong Bay and Their Negative Effects on Nautical Engineering[J].Journal of Oceanography of Huanghai&Bohai Seas,2000,18(2):18-24.王明田,庄振业,葛淑兰,等.辽东湾中北部浅层埋藏古河道沉积特征及对海上工程的影响[J].黄渤海海洋,2000,18(2):18-24.
[17]LIU J,SAITO Y,WANG H,et al.Stratigraphic development during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene offshore of the Yellow Riverdelta,Bohai Sea[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2009,36(4-5):318-331.
[18]SHEN S X,LI A C,YUAN W.Low Energy Environment of the Central South Yellow Sea[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1996,27(5):518-523.申顺喜,李安春,袁巍.南黄海中部的低能沉积环境[J].海洋与湖沼,1996,27(5):518-523.
[19]ORSI T H,DUNN D A.Correlations between sound velocity and related properties of glacio-marine sediments:Barents Sea[J].Geo-Marine Letters,1991,11(2):79-83.
[20]LEOPOLD L B,WOLMAN M G,MILLER J P.Fluvial Processes in Geomorphology[M].San Francisco:Dover Pablications,1964:522.
[21]FRIEDRICHS C T.Stability,shear stress and equilibrium cross-sectional geometry of sheltered tidal channels[J].Coast.Res.,1995,11(4):1062-1074.
[22]DURY G H.Attainable standards of accuracy in the retrodiction of palaeodischarge from channel dimensions[J].Earth Surf.Process.Landf.,1985,10(3):205-213.
[23]DURY G H.Discharge prediction,present and former,from channel dimensions[J].J.Hydrol.,1976,30(3):219-245.
[24]KNIGHTON D.Fluvial Forms and Processes:A New Perspective.Arnold Publishers,London.1998:389.
[25]JARRETT J T.Tidal Prism-Inlet Area Relationships[R].U.S.Army Coastal Engineering Research Center,Vicksburg,MS.1976,vol.3.
[26]NORDFJORD S,GOFF J A,AUSTIN J A J,et al.Seismic Geomorphology of Buried Channel Systems on the New Jersey Outer Shelf:Assessing Past Environmental Conditions[J].Marine Geology,2005,214(4):339-364.
[27]HJULSTROME F.Transportation of detritus by moving water.In:P D Trask ed:Recent Marine Sediments:A Symposium[C],Spec.Pub.Soc.econ.Paleont.Miner,4,Tulsa,1939:5-31.
[28]SUNDBORG A.The River Klaralven:A study of fluvial processes[J].Geogr.Annr,1956,38(3):238-316.
[29]ROSGEN D L.A classification of natural rivers.Catena,1994,22:169-199.
[30]LIU J,SAITO Y,KONG X H,et al.Delta development and channel incision during marine isotope stages 3and 2in the western SouthYellow Sea.Marine Geology,2010,278:54-76.
[31]LIU J P,MILLIMAN J D,GAO S,et al.Holocene development of the Yellow River's subaqueous delta,North Yellow Sea[J].Mar.Geol.2004,209,45-67.
[32]SAITO Y.Sea levels of the Last Glacial in the East China Sea Continental Shelf(In Japanese with English abstract)[J].Quat.Res.1998,37(3):235-242.
[33]CAO G J,WANG J,ZHANG X Q,et al.Characteristics and runoff volume of the Yangtze River’s paleovalley at Nanjing Reach in theLast Glacial Maximum[J].Acta Geographica Sinica.2009,64(3):331-338.曹光杰,王建,张学勤,等.末次盛冰期长江南京段河槽特征及古流量[J].地理学报,2009,64(3):331-338.
[34]YOU X T,ZHU H.The discharge variation in the two main rivers of China during the recent half century and the relationship with thesouth-to-north water transfer project[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2002,17(6):811-817.游性恬,朱禾.两大江河流量的半世纪变化与“南水北调”[J].地球科学进展,2002,17(6):811-817.
[35]LIU J,SAITO Y,WANG H,et al.Sedimentary evolution of the Holocene subaqueous clinoform off the Shandong Peninsula in theYellow Sea[J].Marine Geology,2007,236(3-4):165-187.
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