方向导数迹变换面波压制
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摘要
面波是地震勘探中常见的一种相干干扰,它的存在严重的影响着地震记录的信噪比.由于面波和有效波具有相关性且面波的频带和有效波的频带总有重叠的部分,在时域或频域二者不能明显分开,因此在时域或频域采用切除法压制面波会造成子波畸变和有效信息的损失.本文提出一种利用方向导数迹变换压制面波的新方法.文中推导了方向导数迹变换的反变换公式.地震记录的方向导数迹变换(Directional Derivative Trace Transform,DDTT)由两部分组成,一部分主要体现面波,能量集中;另一部分主要体现反射有效波,能量相对分散.根据这两部分能确定压制面波的阈值,通过这一阈值在正变换中压制面波后,再通过反变换返回时-空域就可达到压制面波的目的.理论和实际数据的处理都取得了令人满意的效果,表明了本文提出方法的可行性和有效性.
Ground-roll is common and mainly coherent noise in seismic surveys for a significant reduction in the signal-to-noise ratio.Since the ground-roll is coherent with reflections and the spectrums of them are always overlapping.Surgical muting as a common way to filtering ground-roll will cause waveform distortions and information missing.We present a novel method,namely directional derivative trace transform to attenuate ground-roll.The forward and inverse transform are given and derived in this paper.The directional derivative trace transform of seismic records contains two entirely different parts: one part is mainly representing ground-roll where the energy is highly centralized,the other shows reflections where energy is obviously scattered.According to these two parts,we can determine a threshold which can suppress the ground-roll in the domain of directional derivative trace transform.Then the purpose of ground-roll attenuation can be achieved by the inverse directional derivative trace transform to make reflections back to time-space domain.The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by implementation on simulations and field data.
Ground-roll is common and mainly coherent noise in seismic surveys for a significant reduction in the signal-to-noise ratio.Since the ground-roll is coherent with reflections and the spectrums of them are always overlapping.Surgical muting as a common way to filtering ground-roll will cause waveform distortions and information missing.We present a novel method,namely directional derivative trace transform to attenuate ground-roll.The forward and inverse transform are given and derived in this paper.The directional derivative trace transform of seismic records contains two entirely different parts: one part is mainly representing ground-roll where the energy is highly centralized,the other shows reflections where energy is obviously scattered.According to these two parts,we can determine a threshold which can suppress the ground-roll in the domain of directional derivative trace transform.Then the purpose of ground-roll attenuation can be achieved by the inverse directional derivative trace transform to make reflections back to time-space domain.The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by implementation on simulations and field data.
引文
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[12]Wang Y H.Antialiasing conditions in the delay-time Radontransform.Geophys.Prospect.,2002,50(6):665-672.
[13]Yu Z,Mcmechan G A,Ferguson J F,et al.Adaptivewavelet filtering of seismic data in the wavelet transformdomain.Journal of Seismic Exploration,2002,11(3):223-246.
[14]de Franco R,Musacchio G.Polarization filter with singularvalue decomposition.Geophysics,2001,66(3):932-938.
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[16]Liu X W.Ground roll supression using the Karhunen-Louvetransform.Geophysics,1999,64(2):564-566.
[17]Montagne R,Vasconcelos G L.Optimized suppression ofcoherent noise from seismic data using the Karhunen-Loevetransform.Physical Review(E),2006,74(1):1-9.
[18]李月,马海涛,林红波等.基于核函数主分量的维纳滤波方法研究.地球物理学报,2010,53(5):1226-1233.Li Y,Ma H T,Lin H B,et al.The research of principal-component Wiener filtering method based on kernel function.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(5):1226-1233.
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[20]Corso G,Kuhn P S,Lucena L S,et al.Seismic ground rolltime-frequency filtering using the gaussian wavelet transform.Physica a-Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications,2003,318(3-4):551-561.
[21]De matos M C,Osorio P L M.Wavelet transform filtering inthe 1Dand 2Dfor ground roll suppression.SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,2002,21(1):2245-2248.
[22]Li S Z,Kusky T M,Zhao G C,et al.Two-stage Triassicexhumation of HP-UHP terranes in the western Dabie orogenof China:Constraints from structural geology.Tectonophysics,2010,490(3-4):267-293.
[23]Deighan A J,Watts D R.Ground-roll suppression using thewavelet transform.Geophysics,1997,62(6):1896-1903.
[24]郑海山,张中杰,田小波.VTI介质中非线性对地震波频率和频宽变化的约束.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):885-894.Zheng H S,Zhang Z J,Tian X B.Constraints of thenonlinearity in VTI media on seismic wave frequency andbandwidth changes.Chinese J.Geophys.,(in Chinese),2006,49(3):885-894.
[25]Askari R,Siahkoohi H R.Ground roll attenuation using theS and x-f-k transforms.Geophys.Prospect.,2008,56(1):105-114.
[26]Parolai S.Denoising of seismograms using the S transform.Bulletin of The Seismological Society of America,2009,99(1):226-234.
[27]Kadyrov A,Petrou M.Affine parameter estimation from thetrace transform.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis andMachine Intelligence,2006,28(10):1631-1645.
[28]Kadyrov A,Petrou M.Object signatures invariant to affinedistortions derived from the Trace transform.Image VisionComputing,2003,21(13-14):1135-1143.
[29]Kadyrov A,Petrou M.The trace transform and itsapplications.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis andMachine Intelligence,2001,23(8):811-828.
[30]Petrou M,Kadyrov A.Affine invariant features from thetrace transform.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis andMachine Intelligence,2004,26(1):30-44.
[2]Saatcilar R,Canitez N.The lattice filter in ground-rollsuppression.Geophysics,1994,59(4):623-631.
[3]伊尔马滋渥.地震资料分析——地震资料处理、反演和解释(上册).刘怀山,王克斌,童思友等译.北京:石油工业出版社,2006.Yilmaz O.Seismic Data Analysis:Processing,Inversion andInterpretation of Seismic Data(in Chinese).Translated byLiu H S,Wang K B,Tong S Y,Trans.Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2006.
[4]Melo P E M,Porsani M J,Silva M G.Ground-rollattenuation using a 2D time-derivative filter.Geophys.Prospect.,2009.57(3):343-353.
[5]Porsani M J,Silva M G,Melo P E M,et al.SVD filteringapplied to ground-roll attenuation.Journal of Geophysicsand Engineering,2010,7(3):284-289.
[6]Karsli H,Bayrak Y.Using the Wiener-Levinson algorithm tosuppress ground-roll.J.Appl.Geophys.,2004,55(3-4):187-197.
[7]Ulrych T J,Sacchi M D,Graul J M.Signal and noiseseparation:Art and science.Geophysics,1999,64(5):1648-1656.
[8]Maeland E.Sampling,aliasing,and inverting the linearRadon transform.Geophysics,2004,69(3):859-861.
[9]Trad D,Sacchi M D,Ulrych T J.A hybrid linear-hyperbolicradon transform.Journal of Seismic Exploration,2001,9(4):303-318.
[10]Trad D,Ulrych T,Sacchi M.Latest views of the sparseRadon transform.Geophysics,2003,68(1):386-399.
[11]Trad D O,Ulrych T J,Sacchi M D.Accurate interpolationwith high-resolution time-variant Radon transforms.Geophysics,2002,67(2):644-656.
[12]Wang Y H.Antialiasing conditions in the delay-time Radontransform.Geophys.Prospect.,2002,50(6):665-672.
[13]Yu Z,Mcmechan G A,Ferguson J F,et al.Adaptivewavelet filtering of seismic data in the wavelet transformdomain.Journal of Seismic Exploration,2002,11(3):223-246.
[14]de Franco R,Musacchio G.Polarization filter with singularvalue decomposition.Geophysics,2001,66(3):932-938.
[15]Leite F E A,Montagne R,Corso G,et al.Karhunen-Loèvespectral analysis in multiresolution decomposition.ComputationalGeosciences,2009,13(2):165-170.
[16]Liu X W.Ground roll supression using the Karhunen-Louvetransform.Geophysics,1999,64(2):564-566.
[17]Montagne R,Vasconcelos G L.Optimized suppression ofcoherent noise from seismic data using the Karhunen-Loevetransform.Physical Review(E),2006,74(1):1-9.
[18]李月,马海涛,林红波等.基于核函数主分量的维纳滤波方法研究.地球物理学报,2010,53(5):1226-1233.Li Y,Ma H T,Lin H B,et al.The research of principal-component Wiener filtering method based on kernel function.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(5):1226-1233.
[19]Chen W C,Gao J H,Bao Q Z.Adaptive attenuation ofground roll via continuous wavelet transform.ChineseJournal of Geophysics-Chinese Edition,2009,52(11):2854-2861.
[20]Corso G,Kuhn P S,Lucena L S,et al.Seismic ground rolltime-frequency filtering using the gaussian wavelet transform.Physica a-Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications,2003,318(3-4):551-561.
[21]De matos M C,Osorio P L M.Wavelet transform filtering inthe 1Dand 2Dfor ground roll suppression.SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,2002,21(1):2245-2248.
[22]Li S Z,Kusky T M,Zhao G C,et al.Two-stage Triassicexhumation of HP-UHP terranes in the western Dabie orogenof China:Constraints from structural geology.Tectonophysics,2010,490(3-4):267-293.
[23]Deighan A J,Watts D R.Ground-roll suppression using thewavelet transform.Geophysics,1997,62(6):1896-1903.
[24]郑海山,张中杰,田小波.VTI介质中非线性对地震波频率和频宽变化的约束.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):885-894.Zheng H S,Zhang Z J,Tian X B.Constraints of thenonlinearity in VTI media on seismic wave frequency andbandwidth changes.Chinese J.Geophys.,(in Chinese),2006,49(3):885-894.
[25]Askari R,Siahkoohi H R.Ground roll attenuation using theS and x-f-k transforms.Geophys.Prospect.,2008,56(1):105-114.
[26]Parolai S.Denoising of seismograms using the S transform.Bulletin of The Seismological Society of America,2009,99(1):226-234.
[27]Kadyrov A,Petrou M.Affine parameter estimation from thetrace transform.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis andMachine Intelligence,2006,28(10):1631-1645.
[28]Kadyrov A,Petrou M.Object signatures invariant to affinedistortions derived from the Trace transform.Image VisionComputing,2003,21(13-14):1135-1143.
[29]Kadyrov A,Petrou M.The trace transform and itsapplications.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis andMachine Intelligence,2001,23(8):811-828.
[30]Petrou M,Kadyrov A.Affine invariant features from thetrace transform.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis andMachine Intelligence,2004,26(1):30-44.
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