基于目的层反射能量二次导数的炮检距设计
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摘要
在地震勘探中,观测系统的设计对提高采集资料的品质起着至关紧要的作用。常规的观测系统设计方案已经无法满足现阶段复杂的地形需求,针对复杂地区提出了基于目的层反射能量二次导数的炮检距设计思路。在地震照明的基础上,构建地质模型进行数值模拟,根据观测系统接收目的层能量最大及效率最高的原则,将积累能量和能量导数结合起来,设计最大炮检距。通过对塔西南复杂山地地区实际资料建立模型的模拟实验,推断出观测系统的最大炮检距,为复杂地区的最大炮检距设计提供了新的方法和手段。
During seismic exploration,the seismic survey design takes an essential part in the improvement of acquisition data.Theconventional survey design in the past can not meet the needs of complex seismic exploration,thus an optimal idea of offset basedonsecondderivativeoftargetstratumenergyisdeveloped.Inthisarticle,atthebaseofilluminationwecreatedgeological model,then for the principle of highest efficiency and maximize in the target stratum energy,combining the detector energy with energy rate using accumulation of energy and energy derivative,finally a new method of maximum offset was presented.In this way,the experiment on complex moutainous area in Tarim shows a good result,therefore this design provides a new method and means for the complex area.
During seismic exploration,the seismic survey design takes an essential part in the improvement of acquisition data.Theconventional survey design in the past can not meet the needs of complex seismic exploration,thus an optimal idea of offset basedonsecondderivativeoftargetstratumenergyisdeveloped.Inthisarticle,atthebaseofilluminationwecreatedgeological model,then for the principle of highest efficiency and maximize in the target stratum energy,combining the detector energy with energy rate using accumulation of energy and energy derivative,finally a new method of maximum offset was presented.In this way,the experiment on complex moutainous area in Tarim shows a good result,therefore this design provides a new method and means for the complex area.
引文
[1]Gibson R L,Tzimeas C.Quantitative measures of ima-ge resolution for seismic survey design[J].Geophysics,2002,67(6):1844-1852.
[2]Vermeer G J O.3D seismic survey design optimization[J].The Leading Edge,2003,22(10):934-941.
[3]罗斌,刘学伟,尹军杰.炮检距对地震分辨率影响的研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(1):16-20.Luo Bin,Liu Xuewei,Yin Junjie.The effect of offset ontherevolutionofseismicsurvey[J].GeophysicalProspect-ing for Petroleum,2005,44(1):16-20.
[4]顾培城,卢贵和.一种估算最大炮检距的新算法[J],石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(S1):56-60.
[5]任日春,金秀芹,杨忠习,等.一种快速确定二维地震勘探最佳施工因素的方法[J].吉林地质,2009,28(1):61-63.Ren Richun,Jin Xiuqin,Yang Zhongxi,et al.A fastmethod of ascertaining the best construction factor in two-dimensional seismic exploration[J].Jilin Geology,2009,28(1):61-63.
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[8]刘洋,魏修成.转换波地震勘探中的最大炮检距设计[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(3):178-182.LiuYang,WeiXiucheng.Determinationofmaximumoff-set in converted-wave seismic exploration[J].Progress inExploration Geophysics,2005,28(3):178-182.
[9]刘依谋,梁向豪,黄有晖,等.库车坳陷复杂山地宽线采集技术及应用效果[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):418-424.Liu Yimou,Liang Xianghao,Huang Youhui,et al.Wide-line seismic acquisition technique and its applicationin complex mountainous area of Kuqa depression[J],Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(4):418-424.
[10]吴超,彭更新,雷刚林,等.宽线加大组合地震技术在库车坳陷中部勘探中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(4):290-295.Wu Chao,Peng Gengxin,Lei Ganglin,et al.Applcationof broadened line plus large geophone array seismic tech-nology in exploration in mid Kuqa[J].Progress in Explo-ration Geophysics,2008,31(4):290-295.
[11]王栋,贺振华,孙建库,等.宽线加大基距组合技术在喀什北区块复杂山地的应用[J].石油物探,2010,49(6):606-610.Wang Dong,He Zhenhua,Sun Jianku,et al.Appli-cation of broadened line plus long distance geophonearray seismic technique in the complex mountainousarea of north Kashgar[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2010,49(6):616-610.
[12]熊翥.我国西部山前冲断带油气勘探地震技术的几点思考[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(1):1-4.Xiong Zhu.Seismic exploration techniques suitable forpiedmont thrust belts in western China[J].Progress in Ex-ploration Geophysics,2005,28(1):1-4.
[13]Liangguo Dong,Xiwei Cai,Peiming Li,et al.SeismicwaveilluminationforYumenoverthruststructureandseis-mic survey optimal design[C],SEG Annual Meeting,Houston,2005:48-51.
[14]徐峰,王晓涛,杨金华,等.基于目标层反射能量的观测系统优化设计[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2010,32(4):179-184.Xu Feng,Wang Xiaotao,Yang Jinhua,et al.The optimalseismic survey based on the common reflection point[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2010,32(4):179-184
[15]傅朝奎,关延学,孙玉群.最大炮检距对地震资料采集和成像效果的影响[J].石油天然气学报,2005,27(6):862-864.Fu Chaokui,Guan Yanxue,Sun Yuqun.Effect of maxi-mum offset on seismic acquision and its result[J].J.JPI,2005,27(6):862-864.
[16]赵虎,尹成,李瑞,等.基于检波器接收照明能量效率最大化的炮检距设计方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(3):333-338.Zhao Hu,Yin Cheng,Li Rui,et al.An offset designmethod based on maximal efficiecy of receiver illumi-nation energy[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(3):333-338.
[17]王志,贺振华,薛彬等,广角反射研究及高斯射线正演模拟分析[J].成都理工学院学报,2002,29(1):9-16.WangZhi,HeZhenhua,XueBin,etal.Wild-anglereflec-tion research and gauss ray froward extrapolation model-inganalysis[J].JournalofChengduUniversityofTechnol-ogy,2002,29(1):9-16.
[18]王志,贺振华,黄德济等,高速屏蔽层下弱反射层地震勘探-广角反射[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(5):23-27.Wang Zhi,He Zhenhua,Huang Deji,et al.A seismic sur-vey method for weak reflectors below shielded layer ofhigh velocity:Wide angle reflection[J].Progress in Ex-ploration Geophysics,2002,25(5):23-27.
[19]王熙明,王志,贺振华等,广角反射方式下观测系统设计与优化[J].物探化探计算技术,2002,24(4):298-303.Wang Ximing,Wang Zhi,He Zhenhua,et al.The obser-vation system design and optimization of the wide anglereflection[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical andGeochemical Exploration,2002,24(4):298-303.
[20]王志,贺振华,黄德济,等.广角反射波场特征研究及正演模拟分析[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):116-121.Wang Zhi,He Zhenhua,Huang Deji,et al.Thewave-field featurea researching of wide-angle reflectionand the analyzing of forward modeling[J].Progress inGeophysics,2003,18(1):116-121.
[21]邓飞.剖面三维地质建模与高斯射线束正演的研究与实现[D].成都:成都理工大学,2007.
[2]Vermeer G J O.3D seismic survey design optimization[J].The Leading Edge,2003,22(10):934-941.
[3]罗斌,刘学伟,尹军杰.炮检距对地震分辨率影响的研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(1):16-20.Luo Bin,Liu Xuewei,Yin Junjie.The effect of offset ontherevolutionofseismicsurvey[J].GeophysicalProspect-ing for Petroleum,2005,44(1):16-20.
[4]顾培城,卢贵和.一种估算最大炮检距的新算法[J],石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(S1):56-60.
[5]任日春,金秀芹,杨忠习,等.一种快速确定二维地震勘探最佳施工因素的方法[J].吉林地质,2009,28(1):61-63.Ren Richun,Jin Xiuqin,Yang Zhongxi,et al.A fastmethod of ascertaining the best construction factor in two-dimensional seismic exploration[J].Jilin Geology,2009,28(1):61-63.
[6]Stewart R R,Gaiser J E,Brown R J,et al.Convert-ed wave seismic exploration:Methods[J].Geophysics,2002,67(5):1348-1363.
[7]徐仲达,孙波,唐宗璜.P-SV转换波反射系数与野外采集观测系统设计[J].石油物探,1996,35(1):1-12.Xu Zhongda,Sun Bo,Tang Zonghuang.P-SV convertedwave reflection coefficient and field acquisition geometrydesign[J],Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1996,35(1):1-12.
[8]刘洋,魏修成.转换波地震勘探中的最大炮检距设计[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(3):178-182.LiuYang,WeiXiucheng.Determinationofmaximumoff-set in converted-wave seismic exploration[J].Progress inExploration Geophysics,2005,28(3):178-182.
[9]刘依谋,梁向豪,黄有晖,等.库车坳陷复杂山地宽线采集技术及应用效果[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):418-424.Liu Yimou,Liang Xianghao,Huang Youhui,et al.Wide-line seismic acquisition technique and its applicationin complex mountainous area of Kuqa depression[J],Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(4):418-424.
[10]吴超,彭更新,雷刚林,等.宽线加大组合地震技术在库车坳陷中部勘探中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(4):290-295.Wu Chao,Peng Gengxin,Lei Ganglin,et al.Applcationof broadened line plus large geophone array seismic tech-nology in exploration in mid Kuqa[J].Progress in Explo-ration Geophysics,2008,31(4):290-295.
[11]王栋,贺振华,孙建库,等.宽线加大基距组合技术在喀什北区块复杂山地的应用[J].石油物探,2010,49(6):606-610.Wang Dong,He Zhenhua,Sun Jianku,et al.Appli-cation of broadened line plus long distance geophonearray seismic technique in the complex mountainousarea of north Kashgar[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2010,49(6):616-610.
[12]熊翥.我国西部山前冲断带油气勘探地震技术的几点思考[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(1):1-4.Xiong Zhu.Seismic exploration techniques suitable forpiedmont thrust belts in western China[J].Progress in Ex-ploration Geophysics,2005,28(1):1-4.
[13]Liangguo Dong,Xiwei Cai,Peiming Li,et al.SeismicwaveilluminationforYumenoverthruststructureandseis-mic survey optimal design[C],SEG Annual Meeting,Houston,2005:48-51.
[14]徐峰,王晓涛,杨金华,等.基于目标层反射能量的观测系统优化设计[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2010,32(4):179-184.Xu Feng,Wang Xiaotao,Yang Jinhua,et al.The optimalseismic survey based on the common reflection point[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2010,32(4):179-184
[15]傅朝奎,关延学,孙玉群.最大炮检距对地震资料采集和成像效果的影响[J].石油天然气学报,2005,27(6):862-864.Fu Chaokui,Guan Yanxue,Sun Yuqun.Effect of maxi-mum offset on seismic acquision and its result[J].J.JPI,2005,27(6):862-864.
[16]赵虎,尹成,李瑞,等.基于检波器接收照明能量效率最大化的炮检距设计方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(3):333-338.Zhao Hu,Yin Cheng,Li Rui,et al.An offset designmethod based on maximal efficiecy of receiver illumi-nation energy[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(3):333-338.
[17]王志,贺振华,薛彬等,广角反射研究及高斯射线正演模拟分析[J].成都理工学院学报,2002,29(1):9-16.WangZhi,HeZhenhua,XueBin,etal.Wild-anglereflec-tion research and gauss ray froward extrapolation model-inganalysis[J].JournalofChengduUniversityofTechnol-ogy,2002,29(1):9-16.
[18]王志,贺振华,黄德济等,高速屏蔽层下弱反射层地震勘探-广角反射[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(5):23-27.Wang Zhi,He Zhenhua,Huang Deji,et al.A seismic sur-vey method for weak reflectors below shielded layer ofhigh velocity:Wide angle reflection[J].Progress in Ex-ploration Geophysics,2002,25(5):23-27.
[19]王熙明,王志,贺振华等,广角反射方式下观测系统设计与优化[J].物探化探计算技术,2002,24(4):298-303.Wang Ximing,Wang Zhi,He Zhenhua,et al.The obser-vation system design and optimization of the wide anglereflection[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical andGeochemical Exploration,2002,24(4):298-303.
[20]王志,贺振华,黄德济,等.广角反射波场特征研究及正演模拟分析[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):116-121.Wang Zhi,He Zhenhua,Huang Deji,et al.Thewave-field featurea researching of wide-angle reflectionand the analyzing of forward modeling[J].Progress inGeophysics,2003,18(1):116-121.
[21]邓飞.剖面三维地质建模与高斯射线束正演的研究与实现[D].成都:成都理工大学,2007.
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