松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷丰乐地区深层营城组有利火山岩储集体预测
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摘要
火山岩储集体分布受火山机构、岩性、岩相等控制,复杂多变,准确预测和刻画十分困难。火山口-近火山口微相沉积体是最有利的火山岩储集体,该类相储集体通常具有高频杂乱无序、反射断续无规律、相变快、穹窿状或丘状外形等地震响应特征,地震解释手段易受地震资料品质的影响而无法精确描述储集体特征。针对此问题,基于三维成像分析技术,提出了一套有利火山岩储集体地震识别刻画的技术流程。首先采用构造方位约束滤波技术对叠后振幅数据去噪处理,然后利用包括混沌属性、方位约束不连续性属性等三维地震属性识别储集体,进而采用三维属性聚类成像、像素体检测技术及三维可视化技术对目标储集体进行三维成像分析,获取该类储集体空间分布认识。将该流程应用到松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷丰乐地区,对营城组火山岩储层进行识别预测。结果表明,营城组火山岩有利储集体得到了良好成像,储集体平面分布趋势和三维影像都很清晰,为储层物性预测提供了宏观依据。
Distribution of volcanic reservoirs is controlled by various factors such as volcanic edifice,lithology and lithofacies and is difficult to be precisely predicted because of their complexity and heterogeneity.Volcanic reservoirs of crater-near crater sedimentary microfacies are the most favorable reservoirs and their seismic responses are characterized by chaotic high-frequency,discontinuous and irregular reflection configuration,rapid facies change and dome reflections.It is difficult to precisely characterize the volcanic reservoirs through seismic interpretation due to the limitation of seismic data quality.In the paper,we present a new seismic interpretation workflow based on the technique of three-dimensional seismic voxel and imaging analysis.First,structurally-oriented noise filter technique is used to improve the signal/noise ratio of post-stack amplitude data.Then,volumetric seismic attributes including chaos and structurally-oriented discontinuity are used to identify volcanic reservoirs.Finally,three-dimensional imaging techniques with high resolution including attribute classfication automatic geobody detection and 3D visualization are applied to predict the spatial distribution of the volcanic reservoirs.This workflow is applied in Yingcheng Formation volcanic reservoir characterization in Fengle area,Xujiaweizi fault depression,northern Songliao basin.The reservoirs are clearly imaged and mapped,providing instructive constraints for further physical properties prediction of the volcanic reservoirs.
Distribution of volcanic reservoirs is controlled by various factors such as volcanic edifice,lithology and lithofacies and is difficult to be precisely predicted because of their complexity and heterogeneity.Volcanic reservoirs of crater-near crater sedimentary microfacies are the most favorable reservoirs and their seismic responses are characterized by chaotic high-frequency,discontinuous and irregular reflection configuration,rapid facies change and dome reflections.It is difficult to precisely characterize the volcanic reservoirs through seismic interpretation due to the limitation of seismic data quality.In the paper,we present a new seismic interpretation workflow based on the technique of three-dimensional seismic voxel and imaging analysis.First,structurally-oriented noise filter technique is used to improve the signal/noise ratio of post-stack amplitude data.Then,volumetric seismic attributes including chaos and structurally-oriented discontinuity are used to identify volcanic reservoirs.Finally,three-dimensional imaging techniques with high resolution including attribute classfication automatic geobody detection and 3D visualization are applied to predict the spatial distribution of the volcanic reservoirs.This workflow is applied in Yingcheng Formation volcanic reservoir characterization in Fengle area,Xujiaweizi fault depression,northern Songliao basin.The reservoirs are clearly imaged and mapped,providing instructive constraints for further physical properties prediction of the volcanic reservoirs.
引文
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[7]姜传金,鞠林波,张广颖,等.利用地震叠前数据预测火山岩裂缝的方法和效果分析——以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩为例[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):515-523.Jiang Chuanjin,Ju Linbo,Zhang Guangyin,et al.The methodand effect analysis of volcanic fracture prediction with prestackseismic data—an example from the volcanic rocks of Yingchengformation in Xujiaweizi fault depression,north of Songliao basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(2):515-523.
[8]姜传金,冯肖宇,詹怡捷,等.松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷火山岩气藏勘探新技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(4):133-137.Jijang Chuanjin,Feng Xiaoyu,Zhang Yijie,et al.New methodo-logy to explore gas-bearing volcanic reservoir in XujiaweiziFault Depression of the northern Songliao Basin[J].Petroleumgeology&oilfield development in Daqing,2007,26(4):133-137.
[9]唐华风,庞彦明,边伟华,等.松辽盆地白垩系营城组火山机构储层定量分析[J].石油学报,2008,29(6):841-845.Tang Huafeng,Pan Yanming,Bian Weihua,et al.Quantitativeanalysis on reservoirs in volcanic edifice of Early CretaceousYingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2008,29(6):841-845.
[10]Chopra S,Marfurt K J.Emerging and future trends in seismicattributes[J].The Leading Edge,2008,27(3):298-318.
[11]Hocker C,Fehmers G,Fast structural interpretation with struc-ture-oriented filtering[J].Geophysics,2003,68(4):1286-1293.
[12]张延玲,杨长春,贾曙光.地震属性技术的研究和应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1129-1133.Zhang Yanling,Yang Changchun,Jia Shuguang.The applica-tion of the seismic attributes[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):1129-1133.
[13]魏文,王兴谋,李红梅,等.基于地震波衰减的特征属性重构方法资料[J].石油物探,2012,51(3):219-225.Wei Wen,Wang Xingmou,Li Hongmei,et al.Method of charac-teristics attributes reconstruction based on seismic wave attenua-tion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2012,51(3):219-225.
[14]唐湘蓉,蔡涵鹏,贺振华.地震波高频信息在薄层砂体预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2012,51(3):244-250,279.Tang Xiangrong,Cai Hanpeng,He Zhenhua.Thin-bed sandbody prediction based on seismic wave high-frequency informa-tion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2012,51(3):244-250,279.
[15]张云银,杨泽蓉,孙淑艳,等.临南洼陷三角洲地震岩相解释方法[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,31(3):404-410.Zhang Yunyin,Yang Zerong,Sun Shuyan,et al.Seismic lithofa-cies interpretation of delta deposits in the Linnan subsag[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,31(3):404-410.
[16]叶泰然,唐建明,文雪康,等.三维三分量地震资料在川西深层致密砂岩气藏预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2011,50(6):558-564.Ye Tairan,Tang Jianming,Wen Xuekang,et al.Application of3D3C seismic data for predicting deep tight gas reservoir inWestern Sichuan Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petro-leum,2011,50(6):558-564.
[17]杨敏芳,杨瑞召,张春雷.地震约束地质建模技术在松辽盆地古537区块储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2010,49(1):58-61.Yang Minfang,Yang Ruizhao,Zhang Chunlei.Application ofseismic constraint geologic modeling technique for reservoir pre-diction in Gu537 block of Songliao Basin[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2010,49(1):58-61.
[2]金春爽,乔德武,淡伟宁.渤海湾盆地中、新生代火山岩分布及油气藏特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(1):19-29.Jin Chunshuang,Qiao Dewu,Dan Weining.Meso-Cenozoic vol-canic rock distribution and reservoir characteristics in the BohaiBay Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology.2012,33(1):19-29.
[3]李明,邹才能,刘晓,等.松辽盆地北部深层火山岩气藏识别与预测技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(5):477-484.Li Ming,Zou Caineng,Liuxiao,et al.Identifying and predictingtechnology of deep volcanics gas reservoir in north of Songliaobasin[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(5):477-484.
[4]孙粉锦,罗霞,齐景顺,等.火山岩体对火山岩气藏的控制作用——以松辽盆地深层徐家围子断陷兴城和升平火山岩气藏为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(2):180-186.Sun Fenjin,Luo Xia,Qi Jinshun,et al.Controlling effects ofvolcanic rocks upon gas pools—taking two volcanic gas reser-voirs in the Sonliao Basin as examples[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(2):180-186.
[5]姜传金,卢双舫,张元高.火山岩气藏三维地震描述——以徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩勘探为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2010,40(1):203-208.Jijang Chuanjin,Lu Shuangfang,Zhang Yuangao.Three-d seis-mic description of volcanic gas pool:a case study from explora-tion to the lower Cretaceous volcanics in Xujiaweizi fault de-pression,northern Songliao basin[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth science Edition),2010,40(1):203-208.
[6]王洪江,吴聿元.松辽盆地长岭断陷火山岩天然气藏分布规律与控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,31(3):360-367.Wang Hongjiang,Wu Yuyuan.Distribution patterns and con-trolling factors of volcanic gas pools in the Changling fault de-pression,the Songliao Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,31(3):360-367.
[7]姜传金,鞠林波,张广颖,等.利用地震叠前数据预测火山岩裂缝的方法和效果分析——以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩为例[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):515-523.Jiang Chuanjin,Ju Linbo,Zhang Guangyin,et al.The methodand effect analysis of volcanic fracture prediction with prestackseismic data—an example from the volcanic rocks of Yingchengformation in Xujiaweizi fault depression,north of Songliao basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(2):515-523.
[8]姜传金,冯肖宇,詹怡捷,等.松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷火山岩气藏勘探新技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(4):133-137.Jijang Chuanjin,Feng Xiaoyu,Zhang Yijie,et al.New methodo-logy to explore gas-bearing volcanic reservoir in XujiaweiziFault Depression of the northern Songliao Basin[J].Petroleumgeology&oilfield development in Daqing,2007,26(4):133-137.
[9]唐华风,庞彦明,边伟华,等.松辽盆地白垩系营城组火山机构储层定量分析[J].石油学报,2008,29(6):841-845.Tang Huafeng,Pan Yanming,Bian Weihua,et al.Quantitativeanalysis on reservoirs in volcanic edifice of Early CretaceousYingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2008,29(6):841-845.
[10]Chopra S,Marfurt K J.Emerging and future trends in seismicattributes[J].The Leading Edge,2008,27(3):298-318.
[11]Hocker C,Fehmers G,Fast structural interpretation with struc-ture-oriented filtering[J].Geophysics,2003,68(4):1286-1293.
[12]张延玲,杨长春,贾曙光.地震属性技术的研究和应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1129-1133.Zhang Yanling,Yang Changchun,Jia Shuguang.The applica-tion of the seismic attributes[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):1129-1133.
[13]魏文,王兴谋,李红梅,等.基于地震波衰减的特征属性重构方法资料[J].石油物探,2012,51(3):219-225.Wei Wen,Wang Xingmou,Li Hongmei,et al.Method of charac-teristics attributes reconstruction based on seismic wave attenua-tion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2012,51(3):219-225.
[14]唐湘蓉,蔡涵鹏,贺振华.地震波高频信息在薄层砂体预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2012,51(3):244-250,279.Tang Xiangrong,Cai Hanpeng,He Zhenhua.Thin-bed sandbody prediction based on seismic wave high-frequency informa-tion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2012,51(3):244-250,279.
[15]张云银,杨泽蓉,孙淑艳,等.临南洼陷三角洲地震岩相解释方法[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,31(3):404-410.Zhang Yunyin,Yang Zerong,Sun Shuyan,et al.Seismic lithofa-cies interpretation of delta deposits in the Linnan subsag[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,31(3):404-410.
[16]叶泰然,唐建明,文雪康,等.三维三分量地震资料在川西深层致密砂岩气藏预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2011,50(6):558-564.Ye Tairan,Tang Jianming,Wen Xuekang,et al.Application of3D3C seismic data for predicting deep tight gas reservoir inWestern Sichuan Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petro-leum,2011,50(6):558-564.
[17]杨敏芳,杨瑞召,张春雷.地震约束地质建模技术在松辽盆地古537区块储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2010,49(1):58-61.Yang Minfang,Yang Ruizhao,Zhang Chunlei.Application ofseismic constraint geologic modeling technique for reservoir pre-diction in Gu537 block of Songliao Basin[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2010,49(1):58-61.
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