层控垂向多参数拟合变速成图方法研究——以明水绥化地区为例
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摘要
明水绥化地区构造复杂,隆凹相间的构造格局使得地震速度横向变化较大.使用常规方法进行时深转换绘制的大面积连片构造图误差较大,不能够满足生产的需要.为了适应勘探提出了一种新的方法:层控垂向多参数拟合,分段建立时深关系:通过选择地震参考层,将地震反射层与钻井资料相结合,利用伪速度及各反射层特征分别建立深浅层三维空间地震速度场,确定速度横向变化规律,最终实现研究区的变速成图,误差分析表明大面积连片构造图的精度有很大的提高.
The structure of Mingshui-suihua area is complex,structural feature of uplift and depression makes the lateral velocity varies greatly.When conventional methods of depth conversion drawn large area structure plans big error,not able to meet production needs.To solve the issue of exploration,the paper proposed a new approach: vertical multi-parameters fitting controled by horizons,establish relations between time and depth in segment.By establishing the seismic reference layer and plane combination of seismic and geological data,the distribution of the three-dimensional space velocity field in the deep and shallow layer is established with the aid of pseudo velocity and the characteristic of seismic reflection horizon,at last the rule of the lateral distribution is obtained,and ultimately in the study area of the variable velocity mapping,error analysis shows that large contiguous structural map of the accuracy greatly improved.
The structure of Mingshui-suihua area is complex,structural feature of uplift and depression makes the lateral velocity varies greatly.When conventional methods of depth conversion drawn large area structure plans big error,not able to meet production needs.To solve the issue of exploration,the paper proposed a new approach: vertical multi-parameters fitting controled by horizons,establish relations between time and depth in segment.By establishing the seismic reference layer and plane combination of seismic and geological data,the distribution of the three-dimensional space velocity field in the deep and shallow layer is established with the aid of pseudo velocity and the characteristic of seismic reflection horizon,at last the rule of the lateral distribution is obtained,and ultimately in the study area of the variable velocity mapping,error analysis shows that large contiguous structural map of the accuracy greatly improved.
引文
[1]张学民.剪切波速度结构研究方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):135-141.Zhang Xue-min.The general statement on shear wave velocitystructure research methods[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2005,20(1):135-141.
[2]王有学,W D Mooney,韩果花,袁学诚,姜枚.台湾-阿尔泰地学断面阿尔金-龙门山剖面的地壳纵波速度结构.地球物理学报,2005,48(1):98-105.Wang You-xue,W D Mooney,Han Guo-hua,Yuan Xue-cheng,Jiang Mei.Crustal P-wave velocity structure fromAltyn Tagh to Longmen mountains along the Taiwan-Altaygeoscience transect[J],Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(1):98-105.
[3]张元生,石雅镠等.青藏高原东北缘地壳三维速度结构[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):127-134.Zhou Min-du,Zhang Yuan-sheng,Shi Ya-liu,etc.Three-dimensional crustal velocity structure in the northeasternmargin of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):27-134.
[4]郭桂红,郝重涛,石双虎等.沉积盆地中地震波速度与地层年代的关系[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(7):1793-1799,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.07.013.Guo Gui-hong,Hao Chong-tao,Shi Shuang-hu,et al.Therelationship between seismic wave velocity and geologic time insedimentary basin[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(7):1793-1799,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.07.013.
[5]张明学,刘洋,吴海波.松辽盆地北部古中央隆起带变速成图方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发P.G.O.D.D.,2008,27(6):119-122.Zhang Ming-xue,Liu Yang,Wu Hai-bo.Variable velocitymapping method in Palaeocentral Uplift Belt of North SongliaoBasin[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development inDaqing.P.G.O.D.D.,2008,27(6):119-122.
[6]马海珍,雍学善,杨午阳等.地震速度场建立与变速构造成图的一种方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1):53-59.Ma Hai-zhen,Yong Xue-shan,Yang Wu-yang,etal.Amethod for building of seismic velocity of field and structuremapping by variation in velocity[J].OGP,2002,37(1):53-59.
[7]袁井菊.层叠法变速构造成图的地质基础及其应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(3):285-289.Yuan Jing-ju.Application of layercake method to makestructure map and geological base[J].GPP.2006,45(3):285-289.
[8]王树华,刘怀山,张云银,刘国宏,刘志勇.变速成图方法及应用研究[J],中国海洋大学学报,2004,34(1):139-146.Wang Shu-hua,Liu Huai-shan,Zhang Yun-yin,Liu Guo-hong,Liu Zhi-yong.Research on variable-velocity structuremapping and its application[J],Periodical of Ocean Universityof China,2004,34(1):139-146.
[9]蔡刚,屈志毅.构造复杂地区地震资料速度和成图方法研究与应用[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(2):246-249.Cai Gang,Qu Zhi-yi.Study of seismic data velocity andmapping method in complicated structure area and itsapplication[J],Natural gas geoscience,2005,16(2):246-249.
[10]何际平,鲁烈琴,王红旗等.复杂地区速度场建立与变速构造成图方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):167-172.He Ji-ping,Lu Lie-qin,Wang Hong-qi,etal.Methodology ofestablising velocity field and velocity variant depth mapping[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):167-172.
[11]戴晓云,刘在枢,金玉洁.复杂构造区叠加速度分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):66-69.Dai Xiao-yun,Liu Zai-shu,Jin Yu-jie.Stack velocity analysisin complex structural area[J].OGP,2007,42(1):66-69.
[12]左龙凭,李铁,刘丽.两种平均速度提取方法的比较与应用[J].新疆石油地质,2000,21(1):30-32.Zuo Long-ping,Li Tie,Liu Li.Comparison of two seismicaverage velocity extraction methods and its application[J],Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2000,21(1):30-32.
[13]叶勇,孙开峰.密点速度分析技术在塔河油田西南部低幅构造中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):124-128.Ye Yong,Sun Kai-feng.Application of high density velocityanalysis to low relief structure in the southwest part of TaheOilfield[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(1):124-128.
[14]黄兆辉,底青云,唐必锐,覃发兰.速度控制点法在川东高陡构造时深转换中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):717-721.Huang Zhao-hui,Di Qing-yun,Tang Bi-rui,Qin Fa-lan.Theapplication of the modeling method of velocity-controllingpoints to time-depth conversion in east Sichuan[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(3):717-721.
[15]刘爱群,童传新,李林.莺东斜坡带速度分析方法研究及速度影响因素分析[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6):1909-1917.Liu Ai-qun,Tong Chuan-xin,Li Lin.Research of velocityanalysis method and analysis of velocity influence factors inthe east slope of Yinggehai basin[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(6):1909-1917.
[16]张保银,孙建国,黄伟传,马玉春,罗宇.塔中地区速度场建立及变速成图[J].石油物探,2004,43(6):608-611.Zhang Baoyin,Sun Jianguo,Huang Weichuan,Ma Yuchun,Luo Yu.The construction of the velocity field and thevarying velocity mapping in Tazhong area[J].GPP,2004,43(6):608-611.
[17]王香文.东岭地区三维速度模型的建立和应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(6):412-418.Wang Xiangwen.3D velocity model building and itsapplication in Dongling area[J].Progress in ExplorationGeophysics,2006,29(6):412-414.
[18]芦安贵,潘和平.NP凹陷速度场建立与应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2007,4(6):584-588.Lu An-gui,Pan He-ping.The establishment of velocity fieldand its application in NP depression[J],Chinese Journal ofEngineering Geophysics,2007,4(6):584-588.
[19]梁顺军,彭更新,齐英敏,叶林,雷刚林,刘云祥.山地复杂构造地震成图方法探讨[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):529-537.Liang Shun-jun,Peng Geng-xin,Qi Yin-ming,Ye Lin,LeiGangl-in,Liu Yun-xiang.Seismic mapping of complexstructures in mountainous areas[J],GPP,2003,42(4):529-537.
[20]马涛,严又生,刘文利.塔里木盆地速度场的建立及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(3):382-393.Ma Tao,Yan You-sheng,Liu Wen-li.Determination ofvelocity field in the Tarim basin and its application[J].OGP,1996,31(3):382-393.
[21]李明娟,李守济,牛滨华.地震速度谱在精细深度图制作中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):272-274.Li Ming-juan,Li Shou-ji,Niu Bin-hua.The application ofseismic velocity spectrum in makin depth map.GPP,2004,43(3):272-274.
[22]周蒂,胡登科,何敏,连世勇.深部地层时深转换中的拟合式选择问题[J].地球科学,2008,33(4):531-537.Zhou Di,Hu Deng-ke,He Min,Lian Shi-yong.The selectionof fitting curve in time-depth transformation of deep-seatedstrata and crust[J].Earth Science,2008,33(4):531-537.
[23]解吉高,马小刚.差异层速度分析在台格庙地区的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(2):130-134.Xie Ji-gao,Ma Xiao-gang.Application of differential intervalvelocity analysis in Taigemiao area[J].Progress inExploration Geophysics,2006,29(2):130-134.
[24]徐常练,许云,乌达巴拉.浅层速度横向变化对深层速度分析的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(4):457-464.Xu Chang-lian,Xu Yun,Wudabala.The influence of shallowlateral veloeity variation upon deep velocity analysis.OGP,1999,34(4):457-464.
[2]王有学,W D Mooney,韩果花,袁学诚,姜枚.台湾-阿尔泰地学断面阿尔金-龙门山剖面的地壳纵波速度结构.地球物理学报,2005,48(1):98-105.Wang You-xue,W D Mooney,Han Guo-hua,Yuan Xue-cheng,Jiang Mei.Crustal P-wave velocity structure fromAltyn Tagh to Longmen mountains along the Taiwan-Altaygeoscience transect[J],Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(1):98-105.
[3]张元生,石雅镠等.青藏高原东北缘地壳三维速度结构[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):127-134.Zhou Min-du,Zhang Yuan-sheng,Shi Ya-liu,etc.Three-dimensional crustal velocity structure in the northeasternmargin of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):27-134.
[4]郭桂红,郝重涛,石双虎等.沉积盆地中地震波速度与地层年代的关系[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(7):1793-1799,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.07.013.Guo Gui-hong,Hao Chong-tao,Shi Shuang-hu,et al.Therelationship between seismic wave velocity and geologic time insedimentary basin[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(7):1793-1799,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.07.013.
[5]张明学,刘洋,吴海波.松辽盆地北部古中央隆起带变速成图方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发P.G.O.D.D.,2008,27(6):119-122.Zhang Ming-xue,Liu Yang,Wu Hai-bo.Variable velocitymapping method in Palaeocentral Uplift Belt of North SongliaoBasin[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development inDaqing.P.G.O.D.D.,2008,27(6):119-122.
[6]马海珍,雍学善,杨午阳等.地震速度场建立与变速构造成图的一种方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1):53-59.Ma Hai-zhen,Yong Xue-shan,Yang Wu-yang,etal.Amethod for building of seismic velocity of field and structuremapping by variation in velocity[J].OGP,2002,37(1):53-59.
[7]袁井菊.层叠法变速构造成图的地质基础及其应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(3):285-289.Yuan Jing-ju.Application of layercake method to makestructure map and geological base[J].GPP.2006,45(3):285-289.
[8]王树华,刘怀山,张云银,刘国宏,刘志勇.变速成图方法及应用研究[J],中国海洋大学学报,2004,34(1):139-146.Wang Shu-hua,Liu Huai-shan,Zhang Yun-yin,Liu Guo-hong,Liu Zhi-yong.Research on variable-velocity structuremapping and its application[J],Periodical of Ocean Universityof China,2004,34(1):139-146.
[9]蔡刚,屈志毅.构造复杂地区地震资料速度和成图方法研究与应用[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(2):246-249.Cai Gang,Qu Zhi-yi.Study of seismic data velocity andmapping method in complicated structure area and itsapplication[J],Natural gas geoscience,2005,16(2):246-249.
[10]何际平,鲁烈琴,王红旗等.复杂地区速度场建立与变速构造成图方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):167-172.He Ji-ping,Lu Lie-qin,Wang Hong-qi,etal.Methodology ofestablising velocity field and velocity variant depth mapping[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):167-172.
[11]戴晓云,刘在枢,金玉洁.复杂构造区叠加速度分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):66-69.Dai Xiao-yun,Liu Zai-shu,Jin Yu-jie.Stack velocity analysisin complex structural area[J].OGP,2007,42(1):66-69.
[12]左龙凭,李铁,刘丽.两种平均速度提取方法的比较与应用[J].新疆石油地质,2000,21(1):30-32.Zuo Long-ping,Li Tie,Liu Li.Comparison of two seismicaverage velocity extraction methods and its application[J],Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2000,21(1):30-32.
[13]叶勇,孙开峰.密点速度分析技术在塔河油田西南部低幅构造中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):124-128.Ye Yong,Sun Kai-feng.Application of high density velocityanalysis to low relief structure in the southwest part of TaheOilfield[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(1):124-128.
[14]黄兆辉,底青云,唐必锐,覃发兰.速度控制点法在川东高陡构造时深转换中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):717-721.Huang Zhao-hui,Di Qing-yun,Tang Bi-rui,Qin Fa-lan.Theapplication of the modeling method of velocity-controllingpoints to time-depth conversion in east Sichuan[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(3):717-721.
[15]刘爱群,童传新,李林.莺东斜坡带速度分析方法研究及速度影响因素分析[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(6):1909-1917.Liu Ai-qun,Tong Chuan-xin,Li Lin.Research of velocityanalysis method and analysis of velocity influence factors inthe east slope of Yinggehai basin[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(6):1909-1917.
[16]张保银,孙建国,黄伟传,马玉春,罗宇.塔中地区速度场建立及变速成图[J].石油物探,2004,43(6):608-611.Zhang Baoyin,Sun Jianguo,Huang Weichuan,Ma Yuchun,Luo Yu.The construction of the velocity field and thevarying velocity mapping in Tazhong area[J].GPP,2004,43(6):608-611.
[17]王香文.东岭地区三维速度模型的建立和应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(6):412-418.Wang Xiangwen.3D velocity model building and itsapplication in Dongling area[J].Progress in ExplorationGeophysics,2006,29(6):412-414.
[18]芦安贵,潘和平.NP凹陷速度场建立与应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2007,4(6):584-588.Lu An-gui,Pan He-ping.The establishment of velocity fieldand its application in NP depression[J],Chinese Journal ofEngineering Geophysics,2007,4(6):584-588.
[19]梁顺军,彭更新,齐英敏,叶林,雷刚林,刘云祥.山地复杂构造地震成图方法探讨[J].石油物探,2003,42(4):529-537.Liang Shun-jun,Peng Geng-xin,Qi Yin-ming,Ye Lin,LeiGangl-in,Liu Yun-xiang.Seismic mapping of complexstructures in mountainous areas[J],GPP,2003,42(4):529-537.
[20]马涛,严又生,刘文利.塔里木盆地速度场的建立及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(3):382-393.Ma Tao,Yan You-sheng,Liu Wen-li.Determination ofvelocity field in the Tarim basin and its application[J].OGP,1996,31(3):382-393.
[21]李明娟,李守济,牛滨华.地震速度谱在精细深度图制作中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):272-274.Li Ming-juan,Li Shou-ji,Niu Bin-hua.The application ofseismic velocity spectrum in makin depth map.GPP,2004,43(3):272-274.
[22]周蒂,胡登科,何敏,连世勇.深部地层时深转换中的拟合式选择问题[J].地球科学,2008,33(4):531-537.Zhou Di,Hu Deng-ke,He Min,Lian Shi-yong.The selectionof fitting curve in time-depth transformation of deep-seatedstrata and crust[J].Earth Science,2008,33(4):531-537.
[23]解吉高,马小刚.差异层速度分析在台格庙地区的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(2):130-134.Xie Ji-gao,Ma Xiao-gang.Application of differential intervalvelocity analysis in Taigemiao area[J].Progress inExploration Geophysics,2006,29(2):130-134.
[24]徐常练,许云,乌达巴拉.浅层速度横向变化对深层速度分析的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(4):457-464.Xu Chang-lian,Xu Yun,Wudabala.The influence of shallowlateral veloeity variation upon deep velocity analysis.OGP,1999,34(4):457-464.
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