区域房屋震灾脆弱性模拟评估系统
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摘要
以中国县级尺度房屋结构数据库为基础,基于B/S(Browser/Server)架构,利用地震烈度图、地震烈度与房屋受损关系研究成果,构建了区域房屋震灾脆弱性模拟评估系统,实现了对各区域在不同等级地震发生时的房屋受损、受灾人口等情况进行模拟评估,分行政区和地震烈度区对灾害损失进行各种统计与GIS可视化表达,以及根据损失情况对灾害影响区进行脆弱性等级划分等功能。基于B/S架构的系统便于系统的应用普及,将进一步促进研究成果向应用的转化。本系统的构建将为从全国尺度和区域尺度把握房屋震灾脆弱性,以及制定各地区的防灾、减灾规划和灾后应急对策提供有效支撑,并为实现灾害防治的信息化管理提供参考。
Earthquake is now threatening human life and property mainly by breaking buildings.We collected data about house structure of China and then established the house structure database of China.Based on the house structure database,a regional earthquake frangibility evaluation and modeling system was built.There is a relationship between the earthquake intensity and the house damage seriousness.According to the relationship we estimated the house loss,population affected,used GIS techniques to count the losses for each intensity level and each region and realized corresponding visualization.The construction of this system helps to learn regional security of earthquake,gives a effective support to draw up policies for disaster prevention and reduction for post-disaster emergency.The system is based on B/S technique which would make it easy to use.The establishment of this system would provide a reference to realize the informatization of disaster management.
Earthquake is now threatening human life and property mainly by breaking buildings.We collected data about house structure of China and then established the house structure database of China.Based on the house structure database,a regional earthquake frangibility evaluation and modeling system was built.There is a relationship between the earthquake intensity and the house damage seriousness.According to the relationship we estimated the house loss,population affected,used GIS techniques to count the losses for each intensity level and each region and realized corresponding visualization.The construction of this system helps to learn regional security of earthquake,gives a effective support to draw up policies for disaster prevention and reduction for post-disaster emergency.The system is based on B/S technique which would make it easy to use.The establishment of this system would provide a reference to realize the informatization of disaster management.
引文
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[2]Bouhadad Y,Laouami N.Earthquake hazardassessment in the Oran Region(Northwest Algeria)[J].Natural Hazards,2002,26(3):227-243.
[3]Pitilakis K,Alexoudi M,Argyroudis S,et al.Earthquake risk assessment of lifelines[J].Bulletin ofEarthquake Engineering,2006,4(4):365-390.
[4]French S P,Muthukumar S.Advanced technologiesfor earthquake risk inventories[J].Journal ofEarthquake Engineering,2006,10(2):207-236.
[5]Spence R,So E.The global earthquake vulnerabilityestimation system(GEVES):An approach forearthquake risk assessment for insurance applications[J].Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,2008,6(3):463-483.
[6]Bruneau M S,Chang R,Eguchi G,et al.Aframework to quantitatively assess and enhanceseismic resilience of communities[J].EarthquakeSpectra,2003,19(4):733-752.
[7]Schneider P J,Schauer B A.HAZUS-its developmentand its future[J].Natural Hazards Review,2006,7(2):40-44.
[8]Kuribayashi E.Preventive measures for urbanlifelines during earthquake disasters[J].JapaneseScientific Monthly,1986,39(11):13-18.
[9]Brook shire D S,Chang S E,Cochrane H,et al.Direct and indirect economic losses from earthquakedamage[J].Earthquake Spectra,1997,13(4):683-701.
[10]Rose A,Benavides J,Chang S E,et al.The regionaleconomic impact of an earthquake:Direct and indirecteffects of electricity lifeline disruptions[J].Journal ofRegional Science,1997,37(3):437-458.
[11]何亚文,苏奋振,杜云艳,等.海洋信息网格服务平台的设计与实现[J].地球信息科学学报,2010,12(5):680-685.He Y W,Su F Zh,Du Y Y,et al.The design andimplement of marine environmental information gridplatform[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,2010,12(5):680-685.
[12]陈述彭.台风防灾减灾信息系统[J].地球信息科学,2006,8(4):1-3.Chen Sh P.Typhoon disaster prevention andreduction information system[J].Geo-InformationScience,2006,8(4):1-3.
[13]国家统计局城市社会经济调查司.中国城市统计年鉴—2006[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2006.Urban Society and Economy Investigationdepartment.National Bureau of Statistics of China.China City Statistical Yearbook[M].Beijing:ChinaStatistics Press,2006.
[14]GB/T 17742-2008,中国地震烈度[S].
[15]郭子雄,刘阳,杨勇.结构震害指数研究评述[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(5):56-61.Guo Z X,Liu Y,Yang Y.State-of-the-art of seismicdamage index of structures[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2004,24(5):56-61.
[16]甘朋霞.抗震设防建筑的易损性及震害指数研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2009.Gan P X.Research on the vulnerability and damageindex of seismic building[D].Harbin:Institute ofEngineering Mechanics,Earthquake Administration,2009.
[17]陶正如,陶夏新.基于地震动参数的建筑物震害预测.地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(2):86-94.Tao Zh R,Tao X X.Ground motion parameter basedbuilding vulnerability evaluation[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2004,24(2):86-94.
[18]刘毅,吴绍洪,徐中春,等.自然灾害风险评估与分级方法论探研——以山西省地震灾害风险为例[J].地理研究,2011,30(2):195-208.Liu Y,Wu Sh H,Xu Zh Ch,et al.Methodology forassessment and classification of natural disaster risk:acase study on seismic disaster in Shanxi Province[J].Geographical Research,2011,30(2):195-208.
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