断层土壤气采气率对气氡观测结果影响的实验研究
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摘要
地震前兆观测是地震预报的基础。地震流体前兆观测在水资源过度开采的形势下,发展断层土壤气观测成为必然趋势。但地下流体观测技术规范未给出断层土壤气观测的集气-采气装置及采气条件的具体参数,而这些参数正是影响观测结果的重要因素。因此,本文对断层土壤气气氡观测的采气条件进行了实验研究及分析。结果表明,当日采气量一定时,集气室体积的大小对观测结果有较大影响。运用"采气率"这个概念来定量衡量断层土壤气观测装置系统的实用效果。集气室有效体积的大小应根据日采气量的多少来确定,采气量越大,集气室有效体积应越大,结合地震前兆观测实际,采气率应接近于1。本文实验研究结果对规范断层土壤气气氡观测提供了科学依据,也可供其它气体观测参考。
It is the inevitable trend of developing the observation methods of fault soil gas in earthquake fluid observation when the water resources is under the situation of extra-mining.The observation of Rn-content is always the importantly item in earthquake fluid observation measures.But the underground fluid observation technology standards has not given the concrete parameter of gathering-collecting gas device of Rn-observation in fault soil gas.These parameters are key factors to affect the observation result.Therefore,This article has done the experiment on different observation device and collecting conditions.The result indicated that,the gathering chamber detention volume have affect to observe result greatly,but the dead volume not.Therefore,the gathering chamber effective size should not retain the detention volume.Use the concept "collecting gas rate" to judge the practical effect of the fault soil gas observation system quantitatively.The gathering chamber effective size should act according to amount of the amount of collecting gas.The more the amount,the larger the gathering chamber,the "collecting gas rate" should be equal to 1.This article experimental result has provided the scientific basis to formulates the observation technology standards of Rn-content in the fault soil gas.
It is the inevitable trend of developing the observation methods of fault soil gas in earthquake fluid observation when the water resources is under the situation of extra-mining.The observation of Rn-content is always the importantly item in earthquake fluid observation measures.But the underground fluid observation technology standards has not given the concrete parameter of gathering-collecting gas device of Rn-observation in fault soil gas.These parameters are key factors to affect the observation result.Therefore,This article has done the experiment on different observation device and collecting conditions.The result indicated that,the gathering chamber detention volume have affect to observe result greatly,but the dead volume not.Therefore,the gathering chamber effective size should not retain the detention volume.Use the concept "collecting gas rate" to judge the practical effect of the fault soil gas observation system quantitatively.The gathering chamber effective size should act according to amount of the amount of collecting gas.The more the amount,the larger the gathering chamber,the "collecting gas rate" should be equal to 1.This article experimental result has provided the scientific basis to formulates the observation technology standards of Rn-content in the fault soil gas.
引文
[1]汪成民,李宣瑚,魏柏林主编.断层气测量在地震科学中的应用[M].北京:地震出版社,1991:136-197.
[2]车用太,鱼金子,等.地震地下流体学[M].北京:气象出版社,2006:361-419.
[3]国家地震局科技监测司.水文地球化学地震前兆观测与预报[M].北京:地震出版社,1992:71-83.
[4]国家地震局预测预防司.地下流体地震预报方法[M].北京:地震出版社,1997:96-137.
[5]张炜,王吉易,鄂秀满,等.水文地球化学预报地震的原理和方法[M].北京:教育科学出版社,1988:158-251.
[6]国家地震局编制.地震水文地球化学观测技术规范[M].北京:地震出版社,1985:4-14.
[7]许秋龙,陈华静.地下流体数字化改造中几个技术性问题的探讨[J].地震,2006,26(1):107-114.
[8]李桂清,徐婉君,彭淑丽,等.濮阳地震台断层土壤气采气率对气氡观测结果影响的探讨[J].华北地震科学,2009,27(2):34-38.1)王长岭,唐丰年,杨玉荣.地下水含氡量观测与地震预报探索.国家地震局监测处、教育处,1982,50-95.
[2]车用太,鱼金子,等.地震地下流体学[M].北京:气象出版社,2006:361-419.
[3]国家地震局科技监测司.水文地球化学地震前兆观测与预报[M].北京:地震出版社,1992:71-83.
[4]国家地震局预测预防司.地下流体地震预报方法[M].北京:地震出版社,1997:96-137.
[5]张炜,王吉易,鄂秀满,等.水文地球化学预报地震的原理和方法[M].北京:教育科学出版社,1988:158-251.
[6]国家地震局编制.地震水文地球化学观测技术规范[M].北京:地震出版社,1985:4-14.
[7]许秋龙,陈华静.地下流体数字化改造中几个技术性问题的探讨[J].地震,2006,26(1):107-114.
[8]李桂清,徐婉君,彭淑丽,等.濮阳地震台断层土壤气采气率对气氡观测结果影响的探讨[J].华北地震科学,2009,27(2):34-38.1)王长岭,唐丰年,杨玉荣.地下水含氡量观测与地震预报探索.国家地震局监测处、教育处,1982,50-95.
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