基于区域降雨分布的震后地质灾害降雨阈值研究——以绵竹市清平乡为例
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摘要
以研究区周边19个气象站点的降雨数据为基础,通过空间插值拟合得到研究区2010年8月13—14日区域的降雨分布图,同时,将研究区划分为138条小流域;通过分析和统计这次降雨过程触发的23处地质灾害点所在小流域的降雨量,研究震后地质灾害群发的降雨阈值。研究表明:81.7mm为研究区震后地质灾害群发的降雨阈值,其值比震前降雨阈值降低了59.15%,而实际降低的幅度可能比这个更大。相应于采用单一气象站点的降雨量,采用区域降雨量分布图进行地质灾害降雨阈值研究相对更为客观,对于丰富和完善降雨阈值研究方法也具有借鉴意义。
Based on rainfall data of 19 meteorological stations around study area,regional rainfall map of August 13 to 14,2010was obtained in the way of spatial interpolation.This paper divided the study area into 138 small watersheds.According to analysis and statistics the rainfall of small watershed where 23geo-hazards were triggered by the rainfall of August 13 to 14,2010,the study on rainfall threshold of geo-hazard after Wenchuan earthquakde was carried out.The result shows that 81.7mm of rainfall is the threshold of mass geo-hazards occurrence in study area after Wenchuan earthquake,which is 59.15% lower than before the earthquake,and the actual reduction in amplitude may be greater than that.Compared to using rainfall of a single meteorological station,the regional distribution of rainfall is more objective to study the rainfall threshold of geo-hazards.The research method used in this paper is referential significance to enrich and improve the study of rainfall threshold of geo-hazards.
Based on rainfall data of 19 meteorological stations around study area,regional rainfall map of August 13 to 14,2010was obtained in the way of spatial interpolation.This paper divided the study area into 138 small watersheds.According to analysis and statistics the rainfall of small watershed where 23geo-hazards were triggered by the rainfall of August 13 to 14,2010,the study on rainfall threshold of geo-hazard after Wenchuan earthquakde was carried out.The result shows that 81.7mm of rainfall is the threshold of mass geo-hazards occurrence in study area after Wenchuan earthquake,which is 59.15% lower than before the earthquake,and the actual reduction in amplitude may be greater than that.Compared to using rainfall of a single meteorological station,the regional distribution of rainfall is more objective to study the rainfall threshold of geo-hazards.The research method used in this paper is referential significance to enrich and improve the study of rainfall threshold of geo-hazards.
引文
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[3]Tang C,Zhu J,Li W L.Rainfall triggered debris flowsafter Wenchuan earthquake[J].Bulletin of EngineeringGeology and the Environment,2009,68(2):187-194.
[4]谢洪,钟敦伦,矫震,等.2008年汶川地震重灾区的泥石流[J].山地学报,2009,27(4):501-509.
[5]崔鹏,韦方强,何思明,等.5·12汶川地震诱发的山地灾害及减灾措施[J].山地学报,2008,26(3):280-282.
[6]崔鹏,庄建琦,陈兴长.汶川地震区震后泥石流活动特征与防治对策[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2010,42(5):10-19.
[7]游勇,陈兴长,柳金峰.四川绵竹清平乡文家沟“8·13”特大泥石流灾害[J].灾害学,2011,26(4):68-72.
[8]谢洪,钟敦伦,矫震.2008年汶川地震重灾区的泥石流[J].山地学报,2009,27(4):501-509.
[9]Tian Shujun,Kong Jiming,Li Xiuzhen.Forecast meth-od of multimode system for debris flow risk assessmentin Qingping Town,Sichuan Province,China[J].Jour-nal of Mountain Science,2011,8(4):592-602.
[10]冯文凯,杜杰,石豫川,等.一颗印沟泥石流评价及震后预测[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(6):68-77.
[11]裴钻,裴向军,付尚瑜.震裂山体滑坡—溃决型泥石流特征及防治措施研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(5):217-220.
[12]丁军,朱静,王磊,等.5·12汶川地震灾区茂县地质灾害危险性评价[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(5):12-16.
[13]林鸿州,于玉贞,李广信,等.降雨特性对土质边坡失稳的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(1):198-204.
[14]陈天健,蔡和伦,黄彦荣,等.人工降雨模型试验研究降雨入渗对滑坡类型之影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(1):254-257.
[15]齐信,唐川,陈州丰,等.汶川地震强震区地震诱发滑坡与后期降雨诱发滑坡控制因子耦合分析[J].工程地质学报,2012,20(4):522-531.
[16]唐川.汶川地震区暴雨滑坡泥石流活动趋势预测[J].山地学报,2010,28(3):341-349.
[17]成都地质学院.四川盆地暴雨滑坡的形成机制及稳定性研究[R].地矿部“西南、崩滑灾害山区斜坡稳定性研究”专报,1986.
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