宁波育王山山前断层探测结果的工程应用问题
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摘要
基于宁波市活断层探测与地震危险性评价工作的结果,结合相关规范,对评价结果的工程应用问题进行了初步分析和探讨。结果表明,在进行工程建设时,对于育王山山前西支断层,不需要考虑避让;对于育王山山前东支断层,虽然在6级设定地震条件下,无直接的地表错动发生,但会产生一定幅度的地表变形带,因此,丙类和丁类建筑可以不考虑避让,但建议甲类和乙类建筑尽可能避让一定的距离。由于在设定地震条件下近断层强地震动加速度峰值分区中存在一个面积约6km2的略高于现行地震区划图标准的范围,建议对该范围内已建建筑物的抗震能力进行鉴定,确定是否需要进行抗震加固,对新建、扩建、改建工程按地震区划图进行抗震设防时可适当参考本文的结果。根据大碶盆地的软土分布特征,结合近断层强地震动评价结果,认为在育王山山前西支断层以东,存在一个面积约30km2的可能震陷区。震陷量≥5cm,建议在进行工程建设时考虑这一因素。鉴于探测结果的工程应用直接关系到防震减灾对策的制定,应综合考虑城市安全与经济投入2个方面的因素。
Combined with the consideration of relative codes,this paper mainly presents a preliminary analysis on the engineering application of Yuwangshan Fault zone based on the results achieved in the project of active fault exploration and seismic hazard assessment in the city of Ningbo. The conclusions we get from it are as follows. We don't have to take safety distance into account as to the west section of Yuwangshan Fault in engineering and construction because it has not been active since mid-Pleistocene,whereas,as to the east section of this fault,there's no need to consider the safety distance about Ⅲ-type and Ⅳ-type buildings,nevertheless,the case is different for Ⅰ-type and Ⅱ-type buildings because the potential surface deformation to some extent will occur with the scenario earthquake of 6.0,even if no direct surface offset. Due to the existence of about 6km2 area where near-fault peak ground accelerations lightly exceeds the present-day standard,the authors put forward a package of aseismatic solutions which consist of the identification of aseismatic capability to buildings in the area and consideration of this factor in new building s' construction.There's a potential area of seismic settlement of 30km2 which may sink 5 cm or above according to the characteristics of distribution of soft soil as well as the assessment of near-fault strong ground motion in the east of the west section of Yuwangshan Fault. We should not ignore this important result.Given the importance of the results to the policy-decision for the mitigation of seismic disasters,we should seek for the trade-off between the safety and economic rationality in engineering application analysis.
Combined with the consideration of relative codes,this paper mainly presents a preliminary analysis on the engineering application of Yuwangshan Fault zone based on the results achieved in the project of active fault exploration and seismic hazard assessment in the city of Ningbo. The conclusions we get from it are as follows. We don't have to take safety distance into account as to the west section of Yuwangshan Fault in engineering and construction because it has not been active since mid-Pleistocene,whereas,as to the east section of this fault,there's no need to consider the safety distance about Ⅲ-type and Ⅳ-type buildings,nevertheless,the case is different for Ⅰ-type and Ⅱ-type buildings because the potential surface deformation to some extent will occur with the scenario earthquake of 6.0,even if no direct surface offset. Due to the existence of about 6km2 area where near-fault peak ground accelerations lightly exceeds the present-day standard,the authors put forward a package of aseismatic solutions which consist of the identification of aseismatic capability to buildings in the area and consideration of this factor in new building s' construction.There's a potential area of seismic settlement of 30km2 which may sink 5 cm or above according to the characteristics of distribution of soft soil as well as the assessment of near-fault strong ground motion in the east of the west section of Yuwangshan Fault. We should not ignore this important result.Given the importance of the results to the policy-decision for the mitigation of seismic disasters,we should seek for the trade-off between the safety and economic rationality in engineering application analysis.
引文
①浙江省地震局等,2007,宁波市活断层探测与地震危险性评价工程技术报告。
①同210页①。
①同210页①。
邓起东.2002.城市活动断裂探测和地震危险性[J].地震地质,24(4):601—605.DENG Qi-dong.2002.Exploration and seismic hazard assessments of active faults in urban areas[J].Seismology andGeology,24(4):601—605(in Chinese).
高孟潭,卢寿德.2006.关于下一代地震区划图编制原则与关键技术的初步探讨[J].震灾防御技术,1(1):2—6.GAO Meng-tan,LU Shou-de.2006.The Discussion on principles of seismic zonation of the next generation[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,1(1):2—6(in Chinese).
国家质量技术监督局.2001.中国地震动参数区划图(GB18306-2001)[Z].北京:中国标准出版社.State Quality Inspection,Quarantine Bureau.2001.Seismic ground motion parameter zonation map of China(GB18306-2001)[Z].Standards Press of China,Beijing(in Chinese).
李传友,汪一鹏,王志才.2007.中国东部城市隐伏断裂上断点与最新活动时代关系的初步分析[J].地震地质,29(2):431—445.LI Chuan-you,WANG Yi-peng,WANG Zhi-cai.2007.Some analysis on the relation between the upper offset and thelatest activity times of buried faults in cities of eastern China:Taking the Xingtai and Tangshan earthquake regionsas an example[J].Seismology and Geology,29(2):431—445(in Chinese).
刘惠珊,胡庆昌,张熙光,等.1997.实用建筑抗震设计手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.LIU Hui-shan,HU Qing-chang,ZHANG Xi-guang,et al.1997.Practical Manual for Seismic Design of Buildings[M].China Architectural Industry Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
徐锡伟,于贵华,冉勇康,等.2002.活断层避让带宽度确定依据与方法[J].地震地质,24(4):470—483.XU Xi-wei,YU Gui-hua,RAN Yong-kang.2002.Evidence and methods for determining the safety distance`for thepotential earthquake surface rupture on active fault[J].Seismology and Geology,24(4):470—483(inChinese).
中国地震局.2005.中国地震活动断层探测技术系统技术规程(JSGC-04)[S].北京:地震出版社.China Earthquake Administration.2005.Stipulation on Technical System for China Earthquake Active Fault Surveying[S].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
中华人民共和国建设部,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.2001.建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.Ministry of Construction and State Administration for Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People sRepublic of China.2001.Code for Seismic Design of Buildings(GB50011-2001)[S].China ArchitecturalIndustry Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
中华人民共和国建设部,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.2004.建筑工程抗震设防分类标准(GB50223-2004)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.Ministry of Construction and State Administration for Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People sRepublic of China.2004.Standard for Classification of Seismic Protection of Building Constructions(GB50223-2004)[S].China Architectural Industry Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
①同210页①。
①同210页①。
邓起东.2002.城市活动断裂探测和地震危险性[J].地震地质,24(4):601—605.DENG Qi-dong.2002.Exploration and seismic hazard assessments of active faults in urban areas[J].Seismology andGeology,24(4):601—605(in Chinese).
高孟潭,卢寿德.2006.关于下一代地震区划图编制原则与关键技术的初步探讨[J].震灾防御技术,1(1):2—6.GAO Meng-tan,LU Shou-de.2006.The Discussion on principles of seismic zonation of the next generation[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,1(1):2—6(in Chinese).
国家质量技术监督局.2001.中国地震动参数区划图(GB18306-2001)[Z].北京:中国标准出版社.State Quality Inspection,Quarantine Bureau.2001.Seismic ground motion parameter zonation map of China(GB18306-2001)[Z].Standards Press of China,Beijing(in Chinese).
李传友,汪一鹏,王志才.2007.中国东部城市隐伏断裂上断点与最新活动时代关系的初步分析[J].地震地质,29(2):431—445.LI Chuan-you,WANG Yi-peng,WANG Zhi-cai.2007.Some analysis on the relation between the upper offset and thelatest activity times of buried faults in cities of eastern China:Taking the Xingtai and Tangshan earthquake regionsas an example[J].Seismology and Geology,29(2):431—445(in Chinese).
刘惠珊,胡庆昌,张熙光,等.1997.实用建筑抗震设计手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.LIU Hui-shan,HU Qing-chang,ZHANG Xi-guang,et al.1997.Practical Manual for Seismic Design of Buildings[M].China Architectural Industry Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
徐锡伟,于贵华,冉勇康,等.2002.活断层避让带宽度确定依据与方法[J].地震地质,24(4):470—483.XU Xi-wei,YU Gui-hua,RAN Yong-kang.2002.Evidence and methods for determining the safety distance`for thepotential earthquake surface rupture on active fault[J].Seismology and Geology,24(4):470—483(inChinese).
中国地震局.2005.中国地震活动断层探测技术系统技术规程(JSGC-04)[S].北京:地震出版社.China Earthquake Administration.2005.Stipulation on Technical System for China Earthquake Active Fault Surveying[S].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
中华人民共和国建设部,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.2001.建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.Ministry of Construction and State Administration for Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People sRepublic of China.2001.Code for Seismic Design of Buildings(GB50011-2001)[S].China ArchitecturalIndustry Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
中华人民共和国建设部,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.2004.建筑工程抗震设防分类标准(GB50223-2004)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.Ministry of Construction and State Administration for Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People sRepublic of China.2004.Standard for Classification of Seismic Protection of Building Constructions(GB50223-2004)[S].China Architectural Industry Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
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