琼东南盆地南部中新统“丘”形反射成因探讨
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摘要
在琼东南盆地南部中新统梅山组广泛发育"丘"形反射,对其识别分析具有重要的意义。这些"丘"形反射主要分布在北礁凹陷及周缘斜坡带上,在顶底界面呈强反射,在内部成层、杂乱或为空白反射,有时在顶部见披覆沉积,从盆地中心北礁凹陷向边缘斜坡带迁移生长。通过对"丘"形反射的古构造和古地理背景、几何学特征及地震响应特征等方面综合分析,对其成因进行了探讨,排除了其为生物礁、泥底辟以及火山丘的可能,认为其可能为深水环境底流作用下形成的等深流沉积或某种沉积物波。
Mound-shaped reflections of Miocene Meishan formation are widely developed in southern Qiongdongnan Basin.Their identification and analysis are of important significance both for sedimentology research and hydrocarbon exploration.They are mainly located in the Beijiao depression and its surrounding slopes,with high amplitudes on top and bottom interfaces and weak reflections in its interior.Sometimes lateral drape reflections exist on the mound top and mounds migrate in a way of growth from structural depression toward higher slopes.In addition of the comprehensive analysis of the palaeotectonic and paleogeographic background,geometry and distribution and impedance of mound-shaped reflections suggest that they should not probably originated by reef or/and mud diapirs and volcanoes.Instead they may be contour currents deposits or some kind of sediment wave formed under the bottom currents in deep-water environment.
Mound-shaped reflections of Miocene Meishan formation are widely developed in southern Qiongdongnan Basin.Their identification and analysis are of important significance both for sedimentology research and hydrocarbon exploration.They are mainly located in the Beijiao depression and its surrounding slopes,with high amplitudes on top and bottom interfaces and weak reflections in its interior.Sometimes lateral drape reflections exist on the mound top and mounds migrate in a way of growth from structural depression toward higher slopes.In addition of the comprehensive analysis of the palaeotectonic and paleogeographic background,geometry and distribution and impedance of mound-shaped reflections suggest that they should not probably originated by reef or/and mud diapirs and volcanoes.Instead they may be contour currents deposits or some kind of sediment wave formed under the bottom currents in deep-water environment.
引文
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[28]王海荣,王英民,邱燕,等.南海北部陆坡的地貌形态及其控制因素[J].海洋学报,2008,30(2):70-79.
[2]何仕斌,张功成,米立军,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地深水区储层类型及沉积演化[J].石油学报,2007,28(5):51-56.
[3]吴时国,袁圣强,董冬冬,等.南海北部深水区中新世生物礁发育特征[J].海洋与湖沼,2009,40(2):11-15.
[4]马玉波,吴时国,张功成,等.南海北部陆缘深水区礁相碳酸盐岩的地球物理特征[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(4):39-45.
[5]张永贵,宋在超,周小进,等.琼东南盆地南部中新统生物礁的识别[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(3):307-313.
[6]黄鸿光,陆永潮,邹卓超.琼东南盆地松南三维区台缘礁地震沉积学研究[J],石油实验地质,2012,34(1):25-29.
[7]伊万顺,邓艳涛,狄邦让.琼东南盆地南部隆起带丘状地震相成因讨论[J].石油物探,2012,51(2):199-203.
[8]Wood R.Are reefs and mud mounds really so different[J].Sedimentary Geology,2001,145(3):161-171.
[9]蒲仁海,徐怀大.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系丘形反射的解释及其与礁的关系[J].地质论评,1998,44(5):522-528.
[10]Riding R.Structure and composition of organic reefs and carbonate mudmounds:concepts and categories[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2001,58(1):163-231.
[11]Webb G E.Famennian mud-mounds in the proximal fore-reef slope,Canning Basin,Western Australia[J].Sedimentary Geology,2001,145(3):295-315.
[12]Kenyon N H,Akhmetzhanov A M,Wheeler A J,et al.Giant carbonate mud mounds in the southern Rockall Trough[J].Marine Geology,2003,195(1):5-30
[13]James N P,Feary D A,Betzler C,et al,Origin of late Peistocene bryozoan reef mounds:great Australian bight[J].Sedimentary Research,2004,74(1):20-48.
[14]Foubert A,Depreiter D,Beck T,et al.Carbonate mounds in a mud volcano province off north-west Morocco:key to processes and controls[J].Marine Geology,2008,248(1):74-96.
[15]Andresen K J,Clausen O R,Huuse M.A giant(5.3×107 m3)middle Miocene(c.15Ma)sediment mound(M1)above the Siri Canyon,Nor-wegian-Danish Basin:origin and significance[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2009,26(8):1640-1655.
[16]何家雄,徐瑞松,刘全稳,等.莺歌海盆地泥底辟发育演化与天然气及CO2运聚成藏规律[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2008,28(1):94-101.
[17]张功成,朱伟林,米立军,等.“源热共控论”:来自南海海域油气田“外油内气”环带有序分布的新认识[J].沉积学报,2010,28(5):987-1055.
[18]苏明,李俊良,姜涛,等.琼东南盆地中央峡谷的形态及成因[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(4):85-93.
[19]马玉波,吴时国,谷明峰,等.西沙海区碳酸盐台地地震反射特征及沉积模式[J].海洋学报,2010,32(4):118-128.
[20]朱筱敏.沉积岩石学[M](第4版).北京:石油工业出版社,2008:341,420-425.
[21]何家雄,祝有海,马文宏,等.火山、泥火山/泥底辟及含气陷阱与油气运聚关系[J].中国地质,2010,37(6):1720-1732.
[22]何幼斌,高振中,罗顺社,等.等深流沉积的特征及其鉴别标志[J].江汉石油学院学报,1998,20(4):1-6.
[23]邵磊,李学杰,耿建华,等.南海北部深水底流沉积作用[J].中国科学:D辑,2007.37(6):771-777.
[24]Lüdmann T,Wong H K,Berglar K.Upward flow of North Pacific deep water in the northern South China Sea as deduced from the occurrence ofdrift sediments[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2005,32(5):1-4.
[25]钟广法,李前裕,郝沪军,等.深水沉积物波及其在南海研究之现状[J].地球科学进展,2007,17(9):33-395.
[26]王海荣,王英民,邱燕,等.南海北部大陆边缘深水环境的沉积物波[J].自然科学进展,2007,22(9):77-85.
[27]王英民,王海荣,邱燕,等.深水作用机制和深水沉积响应[J].沉积学报,2007,25(4):495-504.
[28]王海荣,王英民,邱燕,等.南海北部陆坡的地貌形态及其控制因素[J].海洋学报,2008,30(2):70-79.
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