沧州地区地壳上地幔的远震P波三维速度结构成像
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摘要
利用架设在沧州地区的20台流动地震台站于2006年12月至2010年7月间记录的271个远震事件,读取的2308个P波到时数据,采用地震层析成像方法反演得到沧州及其邻区(38.0°N～39.0°N,116.5°E～117.5°E)的地壳上地幔P波三维速度结构。层析成像结果表明,沧东断裂两侧的地壳介质的速度分布表现出明显的横向差异,浅层速度分布同地表地质结构分布相一致。沧东断裂西北侧沧县隆起的地壳速度较高,表明其基底抬升;断裂带东南边的黄骅拗陷速度较低,说明基底埋藏较深。本文的远震层析成像研究结果和前人使用重力、电磁和人工地震的探测结果都表明,沧东断裂带两侧的地质构造和地球物理性质有明显的变化,这种构造差异在整个地壳中都有体现。
We used 2308 P wave arrival times from 271 teleseismic events recorded by the 20 portable seismic stations during December 2006 to July 2010 in Cangzhou region, Hebei Province. By using seismic tomography method, we got the 3-D crustal and upper mantle P wave velocity structure in Cangzhou and its adjacent area (38.0° N～39.0° N, 116.5° E～117.5° E). Teleseismic tomography results reveal that the significant lateral variations for the velocity distributions in crust on both sides of Cangdong fault zone. The shallow velocity distribution is consistent with the distribution of the surface geological structure. Cangxian uplift in the northwest of Cangdong fault zone is with the higher velocity values in the crust, indicating that it has the uplift basement. Huanghua depression in the southeast of the fault zone is with lower velocity, indicating the substrate buried deeper. These results and previous gravity, electromagnetic and artificial seismic exploration results all show that the Cangdong fault zone is in obvious changes in the geological structure and geophysical properties, which could be displayed in whole crust.
We used 2308 P wave arrival times from 271 teleseismic events recorded by the 20 portable seismic stations during December 2006 to July 2010 in Cangzhou region, Hebei Province. By using seismic tomography method, we got the 3-D crustal and upper mantle P wave velocity structure in Cangzhou and its adjacent area (38.0° N～39.0° N, 116.5° E～117.5° E). Teleseismic tomography results reveal that the significant lateral variations for the velocity distributions in crust on both sides of Cangdong fault zone. The shallow velocity distribution is consistent with the distribution of the surface geological structure. Cangxian uplift in the northwest of Cangdong fault zone is with the higher velocity values in the crust, indicating that it has the uplift basement. Huanghua depression in the southeast of the fault zone is with lower velocity, indicating the substrate buried deeper. These results and previous gravity, electromagnetic and artificial seismic exploration results all show that the Cangdong fault zone is in obvious changes in the geological structure and geophysical properties, which could be displayed in whole crust.
引文
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[14]胡中民,王夫运,刘明军,等.用Pg波走时反演首都圈地区的上地壳速度结构[J].华北地震科学,2008,26(2):1-6.Hu ZM,Wang FY,Liu MJ,et al.Inversion the upper crustal velocity structure in Capital area with Pg wav[J].North China Earthquake Sciences,2008,26(2):1-6.
[15]黄金莉,赵大鹏.首都圈地区地壳三维P波速度细结构与强震孕育的深部构造环境[J].科学通报,2005,50(4):348-355.Hang JL,Zhao DP.The crust three-dimensional P wave velocity structure and deep tectonic environment of strong earthquakes in Capital region[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(4):348-355.
[16]齐诚,赵大鹏,陈棋福,等.首都圈地区地壳P波和S波三维速度结构及其与大地震的关系[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):805-815.Qi C,Zhao DP,Chen QF,et a1.3-D P and S wave velocity structures and their relationship to strong earthquakes in the Chinese capital region[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(3):805-815.
[17]Zhao D,Mishra O,Sanda R.Influence of fluids and magma on earthquakes:Seismological evidence[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Iinteriors,2002,102:249-267.
[18]Huang J,Zhao D,Zheng S.Lithospheric structure and its relationship to seismic and volcanic activity in southwest China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2002,107(B10).
[19]Hickman S,Sibson R,Bruhn R.Introduction to special section:Mechanical involvement of fluids in faulting[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1995,100:12831-12840.
[20]Sibson RH.Implications of fault-valve behavior for rupture nucleation and recurrence[J].Tectonophysics,1992,211:283-293.
[2]赵苏民,高宝珠,黎雪梅,等.沧东断裂天津段特征及导水导热性质分析[J].地质调查与研究,2007,30(2):121-127.Zhao SM,Gao BZ,Li XM,et al.Haracter and water-temperature conductivity of the Cangdong fault(Tianjin segment)[J].Geological Survey and Research,2007,30(2):121-127.
[3]吴涛,李志文.关于沧东断裂性质的分析[J].石油学报,1994,15(3):19-25.Wu T,Li ZW.An analysis of property of Cangdong fault[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1994,15(3):19-25.
[4]徐鸣洁,朱文,胡德昭,等.利用地球物理资料对沧东断裂带演化特征的研究[J].高校地质学报,1997,3(1):51-61.Xu MJ,Zhu W,Hu DZ,et al.A study on evolution features of Cangdong fault zone by using geophysical data[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,1997,3(1):51-61.
[5]孙若昧,刘福田.京津唐地区地壳结构与强震的发生—I.P波速度结构[J].地球物理学报,1995,38(5):599-608.Sun RM,Liu FT.Crustal structure and strong earthquakes happening in Beijing,Tinajin,Tangshan area—I.P wave velocity structure[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1995,38(5):599-608.
[6]高战武,徐杰,宋长青,等.华北沧东断裂的构造特征[J].地震地质,2000,22(4):395-404.Gao ZW,Xu J,Song CQ,et al.Structural characteristics of the Cangdong fault in North China[J].Seismology and Geology,2000,22(4):395-404.
[7]国家地震局地质研究所.河北平原及其周围地区新构造图及说明书[M].北京:地震出版社,1985.Institute of Geology,State Seismological Bureau.The structural map and manual of Hebei Plain and its surrounding areas[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1985.
[8]陈大贤.沧东断裂的地质结构分析[J].石油学报,1989,10(1):20-25.Chen DX.An analysis of the geological structural of Cangdong fault[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1989,10(1):20-25.
[9]杨家亮,张四昌,刁桂苓,等.沧州地区NWW向隐伏断裂存在依据及其地震地质意义[J].西北地震学报,2010,32(2):191-195.Yang JL,Zhang SC,Diao GL,et al.The existing evidences of NWW buried faults in Changzhou area and its seismogeological significance[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2010,32(2):191-195.
[10]Zhao D,Hasgawa A,Horiuchi S.Tomographic imaging of P and S wave velocity structure beneath northeastern Japan[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1992,97(B13):19909-19928.
[11]Zhao D,Hasegawa A,Kanamori H.Deep structure of Japan subduction zone as derived from local,regional and teleseismic events[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1994,99(B11):22313-22329.
[12]雷建设,周蕙兰,赵大鹏.帕米尔及邻区地壳上地幔P波三维速度结构的研究[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(6):802-811.Lei JS,Zhou HL,Zhao DP.3-D velocity structure of P-wave in the crust and upper-mantle beneath Pamir and adjacent region[J].Chinese Journal of Geophys,2002,45(6):802-811.
[13]丁丹,田晓峰,倪四道.天津地区上地壳构造及沧东断裂折射地震走时成像[J].华南地震,2011,31(1):37-46.Ding D,Tian XF,Ni SD.Refraction seismic travel time tomography of upper crust structure of Tinajin and Cangdong fault[J].South China Journal of Seismology,2011,31(1):37-46.
[14]胡中民,王夫运,刘明军,等.用Pg波走时反演首都圈地区的上地壳速度结构[J].华北地震科学,2008,26(2):1-6.Hu ZM,Wang FY,Liu MJ,et al.Inversion the upper crustal velocity structure in Capital area with Pg wav[J].North China Earthquake Sciences,2008,26(2):1-6.
[15]黄金莉,赵大鹏.首都圈地区地壳三维P波速度细结构与强震孕育的深部构造环境[J].科学通报,2005,50(4):348-355.Hang JL,Zhao DP.The crust three-dimensional P wave velocity structure and deep tectonic environment of strong earthquakes in Capital region[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(4):348-355.
[16]齐诚,赵大鹏,陈棋福,等.首都圈地区地壳P波和S波三维速度结构及其与大地震的关系[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):805-815.Qi C,Zhao DP,Chen QF,et a1.3-D P and S wave velocity structures and their relationship to strong earthquakes in the Chinese capital region[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(3):805-815.
[17]Zhao D,Mishra O,Sanda R.Influence of fluids and magma on earthquakes:Seismological evidence[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Iinteriors,2002,102:249-267.
[18]Huang J,Zhao D,Zheng S.Lithospheric structure and its relationship to seismic and volcanic activity in southwest China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2002,107(B10).
[19]Hickman S,Sibson R,Bruhn R.Introduction to special section:Mechanical involvement of fluids in faulting[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1995,100:12831-12840.
[20]Sibson RH.Implications of fault-valve behavior for rupture nucleation and recurrence[J].Tectonophysics,1992,211:283-293.
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