大光包滑坡启动机制的物理模拟试验
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摘要
安县大光包滑坡是汶川地震触发的规模最大的滑坡,为了研究其形成机制,本文结合野外现场调查,利用三维振动台物理模拟试验,研究了大光包滑坡在地震作用下的启动机制与破坏过程,探讨了滑坡发生与坡体结构的密切关系。研究结果表明:大光包滑坡一个楔型槽状滑落体,沿着白云岩沙化层面和坡体中垂直于层面倾坡内早期X构造裂隙构成,是层面与裂隙在地震力作用下扩展并破坏的宏观表现;振动作用下坡体首先在坡顶产生一系列的拉张裂缝,随后在坡体下部产生剪切裂缝;后缘拉裂面、东侧白云岩层面和西侧拉裂边界将坡体切割成楔形体并滑下;滑坡为一后退式滑坡,呈多次后退式破坏。
The Daguangbao landslide in Anxian County is the largest landslide occurred in the Wenchuan earthquake.In order to examine the formation mechanism of the landslide,based on field investigation,a 3-dimensional vibrostand physical simulation test is used to study the formation mechanism and destroy process and the affinity of the landslide and the slope structures is discussed.The results indicate that the landslide is a wedge and trough shaped fall,it formed by the underlying layer of sinianperiod dolomitite and early X tectonic fractures orthogonal to the layer.The landslide formed by the layer and crevice in the earthquake.Tension crevice appeared first on top of the slope,soon after shearing crack appeared on the bottom of the slope,the crevice formed in order.The pull cracks on top of the slope under vibrations,the slope slide face forms by the layer on the right of the slope,and tension crevice appear on the left of the slope.They form a wedge and trough shaped fall.The slope is a fallback one and it fell back repeatedly.
The Daguangbao landslide in Anxian County is the largest landslide occurred in the Wenchuan earthquake.In order to examine the formation mechanism of the landslide,based on field investigation,a 3-dimensional vibrostand physical simulation test is used to study the formation mechanism and destroy process and the affinity of the landslide and the slope structures is discussed.The results indicate that the landslide is a wedge and trough shaped fall,it formed by the underlying layer of sinianperiod dolomitite and early X tectonic fractures orthogonal to the layer.The landslide formed by the layer and crevice in the earthquake.Tension crevice appeared first on top of the slope,soon after shearing crack appeared on the bottom of the slope,the crevice formed in order.The pull cracks on top of the slope under vibrations,the slope slide face forms by the layer on the right of the slope,and tension crevice appear on the left of the slope.They form a wedge and trough shaped fall.The slope is a fallback one and it fell back repeatedly.
引文
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[2]黄润秋,裴向军,李伟锋,等.再论大光包滑坡特征与形成机制[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(6):725-736.[HUANG R Q,PEI X J,LI W F,et al.Further examination on Characteristics and FormatiomMechanism of Daguangbao Landslide[J].Journal ofEngineering Geology,2009,17(6):725-736.(inChinese)]
[3]许强,陈建君,冯文凯,等.斜坡地震响应的物理模拟试验研究[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2009,41(3):275-281.[XU Q,CHEN J J,FENGW K,et al.Study of the Seismic Response of Slopesby Physical Modeling[J].Journal of SichuanUniversity:Engineering Science Edition,2009,41(3):275-281.(in Chinese)]
[4]张倬元,王士天,王兰生,等.工程地质分析原理[M].3版.北京:地质出版社,2009.[ZHANG Z Y,.62.张健,等:大光包滑坡启动机制的物理模拟试验2013年WANG S T,WANG L S,et al.Analysis Principle ofEngineering Geology[M].3thed.Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House,2009.(in Chinese)]
[5]许向宁.高地震烈度区山体变形破裂机制地质分析与地质力学模拟研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2008.[XU X N.Geologieal Analysis andGeomeehanies Analog Study of Mountain Deofrmation-Failure Mechanism in High Earthquake-Intensity Area[D].Chengdo:Chengdu University of Technology,2008.(in Chinese)]
[6]李世贵.汶川5.12地震诱发大光包巨型滑坡形成机理与运动特征研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2010.[LI S G.Study of the formation mechanism anddynamic characteristics of Daguangbao massivelandslide induced by 5.12 Wenchuan earthkuake[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2010.(in Chinese)]
[7]邹威,许强,冯文凯.强震作用下层状岩质斜坡破坏的大型振动台试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2011,31(4):143-149.[ZOU W,XU Q,FENGW K.Large-scale shaking tablemodel test study onfailure of layered rocky slope under strong groundmotion.[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering andEngineering Vibration,2011,31(4):143-149.(inChinese)]
[8]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋.地震边坡破坏机制及其破裂面的分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1714-1723.[ZHENG Y R,YE H L,HUANG R Q.Discussion and analysis on faluremechanism and fracturesurface of slope underearthquake effect[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2009,28(8):1714-1723.(in Chinese)]
[9]冯文凯,黄润秋,许强,等.震裂斜坡形成机理及变形破坏模式研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2009,36(6):42-48.[FENG W K,HUANG R Q,XU Q,etal.Study on formation mechanism and deformationfailure models of shatter slopes[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2009,36(6):42-48.(inChinese)]
[10]程谦恭,张倬元,黄润秋.高速远程崩滑动力学的研究现状及发展趋势[J].山地学报,2007,25(1):72-84.[CHENG Q G,ZHANG Z Y,HUANG RQ.Study on Dynamics of Rock Avalanches:State ofthe Art Report[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2007,25(1):72-84.(in Chinese)]
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