震源性质的时频分析与事件识别
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摘要
应用时频分析技术研究了近年来发生在朝鲜半岛的核爆炸、化学爆炸与天然地震事件的识别问题,计算了上述三者的瞬时频率、瞬时振幅谱与群延迟等多项参数,提出地震与爆炸的识别指标。初步研究结果表明,对较大事件,上述三者来自震源的激发频率信息有明显差异性,核爆炸源激发的频率明显高于地震,化学爆炸最低。特别是,这些信息指标对于识别小当量的爆炸与地震事件也很有用。
Time-frequency analysis technique,in this paper,was applied to study and discriminate earthquakes and explosions occurring in Korea peninsula.The instantaneous frequency,amplitude spectra,group delay and etc.for seismic and explosion waves were calculated.In the meantime,some discriminating indices for explosions and earthquakes were proposed.Results showed that the frequency information by exciting out of the sources mentioned above were different obviously.The frequency information by exciting out of the nuclear explosion source was quite higher than that of earthquakes and that of the chemical explosion was the lowest.In view of what above mentioned,we proposed some discrimination indexes so as to discriminate the differences of earthquakes and explosions,especially,the indexes abovementioned to discriminate some small events were also useful.
Time-frequency analysis technique,in this paper,was applied to study and discriminate earthquakes and explosions occurring in Korea peninsula.The instantaneous frequency,amplitude spectra,group delay and etc.for seismic and explosion waves were calculated.In the meantime,some discriminating indices for explosions and earthquakes were proposed.Results showed that the frequency information by exciting out of the sources mentioned above were different obviously.The frequency information by exciting out of the nuclear explosion source was quite higher than that of earthquakes and that of the chemical explosion was the lowest.In view of what above mentioned,we proposed some discrimination indexes so as to discriminate the differences of earthquakes and explosions,especially,the indexes abovementioned to discriminate some small events were also useful.
引文
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沈萍,郑治真.瞬态谱在地震与核爆识别中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(2) :233-240．
唐向宏,李齐良.时频分析与小波变换[M].北京:科学出版社,2008．
魏富胜,黎明.震源性质的倒谱分析[J].地震学报,2003,25(1) :47-54．
吴正国,夏立,尹为民.现代信号处理技术[M].武汉大学出版社,2003．
拜伦F W,富勒R W.物理学中的数学方法[M].熊家炯,曹小平译,北京:科学出版社,1984．
Brune J N.Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquake[J].J Geophys Res,1970,75:4 997-5009．
Fisk M D.Source spectral modeling of regional P/S discriminants at nuclear test sites in China and the former Soviet Union [J].Bull Seism Soc Am,2006,96:2 348-2 2367．
Kristekova M,Moczo P,Labak P,Cipciar A,Fojtikova L,Madaras J,and Kristek J.Time-frequency analysis of explosions in the ammunition factory in Novaky,Slovakia[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,2008,98:2 507-2 516．
Molnar P,Savino J,Sykes L R,Liebermann R C,Hade G and Pomeroy P W.Small earthquakes and explosions in western North America recorded by new high gain long period seismographs[J].Nature,1969,224:1268-1273．
Morikawa H and Udagawa S.A method estimate the phase velocities of microtremors using a time-frequency analysis and its applications[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,2009,99:774-793．
Sharpe J A.The production of elastic waves by explosive pressures 1:Theory and empirical field observations[J].Geophysics,1942,7:144-154．
Taylor S R and M D Denny.An analysis of spectral differences between Nevada test site and Shagan River nuclear explosions [J].J Geophys Res,1991,96:6 237-6 245．
Taylor S R,Sherman N W and Denny M D.Spectral discrimination between NTS explosions and Western Unites States earthquakes at regional distances[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1988,78:1 563-1 579．
Walter W R,Brune J N and Priestley K F Jon Fletcher.Observations of high-frequency P wave earthquake and explosion spectra compared with ω~(-3) ,ω~(-2) ,and Sharpe source models[J].J Geophys Res,1988,93(B6) :6318-6324．
Woods B B and Helmberger D V.Regional seismic discriminants using wave-train energy ratios [J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1997,87:589-605．
Wyss M,Hanks T C and Liebermann R C.Comparison of P-wave spectra of underground explosions and earthquakes[J].J Geophys Res,1971,76:2 716-2 729．
何永锋,陈晓非.利用经验格林函数识别地下核爆炸与天然地震[J].中国科学(D辑),2006,36(2) :177-181．
皇甫堪,陈建文,楼生强.现代数字信号处理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004． .
沈萍,郑治真.瞬态谱在地震与核爆识别中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(2) :233-240．
唐向宏,李齐良.时频分析与小波变换[M].北京:科学出版社,2008．
魏富胜,黎明.震源性质的倒谱分析[J].地震学报,2003,25(1) :47-54．
吴正国,夏立,尹为民.现代信号处理技术[M].武汉大学出版社,2003．
拜伦F W,富勒R W.物理学中的数学方法[M].熊家炯,曹小平译,北京:科学出版社,1984．
Brune J N.Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquake[J].J Geophys Res,1970,75:4 997-5009．
Fisk M D.Source spectral modeling of regional P/S discriminants at nuclear test sites in China and the former Soviet Union [J].Bull Seism Soc Am,2006,96:2 348-2 2367．
Kristekova M,Moczo P,Labak P,Cipciar A,Fojtikova L,Madaras J,and Kristek J.Time-frequency analysis of explosions in the ammunition factory in Novaky,Slovakia[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,2008,98:2 507-2 516．
Molnar P,Savino J,Sykes L R,Liebermann R C,Hade G and Pomeroy P W.Small earthquakes and explosions in western North America recorded by new high gain long period seismographs[J].Nature,1969,224:1268-1273．
Morikawa H and Udagawa S.A method estimate the phase velocities of microtremors using a time-frequency analysis and its applications[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,2009,99:774-793．
Sharpe J A.The production of elastic waves by explosive pressures 1:Theory and empirical field observations[J].Geophysics,1942,7:144-154．
Taylor S R and M D Denny.An analysis of spectral differences between Nevada test site and Shagan River nuclear explosions [J].J Geophys Res,1991,96:6 237-6 245．
Taylor S R,Sherman N W and Denny M D.Spectral discrimination between NTS explosions and Western Unites States earthquakes at regional distances[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1988,78:1 563-1 579．
Walter W R,Brune J N and Priestley K F Jon Fletcher.Observations of high-frequency P wave earthquake and explosion spectra compared with ω~(-3) ,ω~(-2) ,and Sharpe source models[J].J Geophys Res,1988,93(B6) :6318-6324．
Woods B B and Helmberger D V.Regional seismic discriminants using wave-train energy ratios [J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1997,87:589-605．
Wyss M,Hanks T C and Liebermann R C.Comparison of P-wave spectra of underground explosions and earthquakes[J].J Geophys Res,1971,76:2 716-2 729．
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