昆仑山口西8.1级地震异常综合特点及孕育过程初步探讨
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摘要
昆仑山口西8.1级地震前,青藏块体出现了有序的地震图像演变过程:地震空区时间跨度数年至数十年,空间跨度数百至上千km;地震条带时间跨度数年,空间跨度数千km。1990年以后,青海、甘肃、四川、新疆、宁夏诸省的前兆观测台网记录到一批典型的远场前兆异常,这些趋势性异常变化与孕震空区、地震条带形成时段大致相当;空间上主要分布在祁连山构造带、东昆仑构造带、西秦岭构造带、南北构造带及天山构造带。远场前兆异常与空区图像的时空演变有较好的互补性和关联性,文中讨论了两者演化的有序性和阶段性与昆仑山口西8.1级地震孕育的时空过程。
Before the MS 8.1 West Kunlun Mountain Pass earthquake,an orderly evolution of seismicity patterns was observed in the Qinghai-Tibet block:the evolution of seismic gaps showed a time span of several to decades of years and a space span of hundreds to thousands of kilometers,and that of seismic stripes had a time span of several years and a space span of thousands of kilometers.After 1990,the seismic precursory observation networks in Qinghai,Gansu,Sichuan,Xinjiang and Ningxia Provinces and autonomous regions recorded some typical far-field anomalies.These abnormal tendency changes roughly coincided with the formation time of seismogenic gaps and seismic stripes and were distributed in the Qilian Mountains tectonic zone,the East Kunlun tectonic belt,the West Qinling tectonic belt,the north-south tectonic belt and the Tianshan tectonic belt.The far-field anomalies and the spatial-temporal evolution of seismic gaps were complementary and correlated to each other.This article discusses the ordered and phased characteristics in the evolution of the above anomalies with the space-time preparation process of the MS 8.1 earthquake.
Before the MS 8.1 West Kunlun Mountain Pass earthquake,an orderly evolution of seismicity patterns was observed in the Qinghai-Tibet block:the evolution of seismic gaps showed a time span of several to decades of years and a space span of hundreds to thousands of kilometers,and that of seismic stripes had a time span of several years and a space span of thousands of kilometers.After 1990,the seismic precursory observation networks in Qinghai,Gansu,Sichuan,Xinjiang and Ningxia Provinces and autonomous regions recorded some typical far-field anomalies.These abnormal tendency changes roughly coincided with the formation time of seismogenic gaps and seismic stripes and were distributed in the Qilian Mountains tectonic zone,the East Kunlun tectonic belt,the West Qinling tectonic belt,the north-south tectonic belt and the Tianshan tectonic belt.The far-field anomalies and the spatial-temporal evolution of seismic gaps were complementary and correlated to each other.This article discusses the ordered and phased characteristics in the evolution of the above anomalies with the space-time preparation process of the MS 8.1 earthquake.
引文
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张晓东,张永仙,吕梅梅,等.2003.青海昆仑山口西8.1级地震时空强有序特征探讨[J].地震学报,26(6):583—590.ZHANG Xiao-dong,ZHANG Yong-xian,L Mei-mei,et al.2003.Discussion on the feature of strong earthquake dis-tribution in time,space and magnitude order before theMS8.1Kunlunshan earthquake[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,26(6):583—590(in Chinese).
张希,张四新,王双绪.2004.昆仑山口西8.1级大震前后地壳垂直运动的负位错模型[J].地震研究,27(2):153—157.ZHANG Xi,ZHANG Si-xi,WANG Shuang-xu.2004.Negative dislocation model for vertical crustal movement beforeand after theMS8.1earthquake in the West of Kunlun Mountain Pass[J].Journal of Seismological Research,27(2):153—157(in Chinese).
陈玉华,马文静.2002.昆仑山口西8.1级地震前地震活动图像演化特征[J].高原地震,14(1):41—47.CHEN Yu-hua,MA Wen-jing.2002.Characteristics of seismicity pattern evolution before the West Kunlun Mountainsearthquake withMS8.1[J].Plateau Earthquake Research,14(1):41—47(in Chinese).
陈玉华,董治平,王培玲,等.2009a.昆仑山口西8.1级地震的远场前兆异常特征[J].中国地震,25(1):62—71.CHEN Yu-hua,DONG Zhi-ping,WANG Pei-ling,et al.2009a.Characteristics of far field precursory anomalies beforetheMS8.1earthquake in West of Kunlun Mountains Pass[J].Earthquake Research in China,25(1):62—71(inChinese).
陈玉华,张肇诚.2009b.昆仑山口西8.1级地震前地震活动异常特征[J].中国地震,(待出版).CHEN Yu-hua,ZHANG Zhao-cheng.2009b.Characteristics of seismicity before Kunlun Mountain Pass earthquakeMS8.1[J].Earthquake Research in China,(in Press)(in Chinese).
董治平.2003.昆仑山口西8.1级地震前的地震活动图像演变特征[J].西北地震学报,25(1):59—63.DONG Zhi-ping.2003.Evolution characteristics of seismicity pattern before theMS8.1West to Kunlun Mountain Passearthquake[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,25(1):59—63(in Chinese).
傅承义.1971.关于地震发生的几点认识[J].地震战线,(8).FU Cheng-yi.1971.Some understanding about the seismogenesis[J].Earthquake,No.8(in Chinese).
孙加林,曹井泉.2003.2001年昆仑山口西8.1级特大地震孕育过程及中强地震活动图像演化[J].西北地震学报,25(1):28—34.SUN Jia-lin,CAO Jing-quan.2003.The pregnant process ofMS8.1West to Kunlun Mountain Pass earthquake in2001and seismicity image evolution of moderate strong earthquakes[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,25(1):28—34(in Chinese).
田韬,卢永,杨军.2004.昆仑山口西MS8.1级地震前远场应变异常研究[J].内陆地震,18(2):101—105.TIAN Tao,LU Yong,YANG Jun.2004.Study of the strain anomaly about the far field before the earthquake withMS8.1in West Kunlun Mountain[J].Inland Earthquake,18(2):101—105(in Chinese).
杨立明,程建武.2003.昆仑山口西8.1级地震孕育演化的阶段性初步研究[J].西北地震学报,25(1):35—39.YANG Li-ming,CHENG Jian-wu.2003.The preliminary study on the stage division for the pregnancy and evolution oftheMS8.1West to Kunlun Mountain Pass earthquake[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,25(1):35—39(in Chinese).
杨林章,张晶,郗钦文,等.2006.昆仑山口西8.1级地震前的区域面膨胀现象[J].地震,26(2):69—72.YANG Lin-Zhang,ZHANG Jing,XI Qin-wen.2006.Surface expansion beforeM8.1Kunlun earthquake[J].Earth-quake,26(2):68—72(in Chinese).
张晓东,张永仙,吕梅梅,等.2003.青海昆仑山口西8.1级地震时空强有序特征探讨[J].地震学报,26(6):583—590.ZHANG Xiao-dong,ZHANG Yong-xian,L Mei-mei,et al.2003.Discussion on the feature of strong earthquake dis-tribution in time,space and magnitude order before theMS8.1Kunlunshan earthquake[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,26(6):583—590(in Chinese).
张希,张四新,王双绪.2004.昆仑山口西8.1级大震前后地壳垂直运动的负位错模型[J].地震研究,27(2):153—157.ZHANG Xi,ZHANG Si-xi,WANG Shuang-xu.2004.Negative dislocation model for vertical crustal movement beforeand after theMS8.1earthquake in the West of Kunlun Mountain Pass[J].Journal of Seismological Research,27(2):153—157(in Chinese).
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