南海神狐海域地震-沉积相分析与沉积环境演化
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摘要
应用高分辨率层序地层学方法在南海北部陆坡神狐海域天然气水合物的有利聚集区二级层序划分基础上共可划分出7个三级层序,且在三级层序格架控制下,神狐海域可识别出席状、楔状、透镜状、丘状、充填状等5个地震相和16个地震亚相,沉积相发育以浊流和泥流为主。神狐海域沉积环境演化的总体特征以海平面下降为主,从层序C到A发育半深海-深海相到浅海相的地层,从上陆坡到下陆坡主要发育半深海-深海相地层。
Based on the partition of second sequence,the sequence can be divided into seven third-order sequences by applying high resolution sequence stratigraphy in Shenhu area of northern slope of South China Sea,where gas hydrate is more valued.Under the control of third-order sequence,five seismic facies including sheet,wedge shape,lenticular,mound,filling,and sixteen seismic subfacies can be distinguished in the Shenhu waters.Sedimentary facies development is given priority to the turbidity current and mud flow.The overall features of sedimentary environment evolution of Shenhu area is sea level falling,with development of the strata of bathyal-deep facies to shallow facies from sequence C to A.The bathyal-deep facies are from up continental slope down.
Based on the partition of second sequence,the sequence can be divided into seven third-order sequences by applying high resolution sequence stratigraphy in Shenhu area of northern slope of South China Sea,where gas hydrate is more valued.Under the control of third-order sequence,five seismic facies including sheet,wedge shape,lenticular,mound,filling,and sixteen seismic subfacies can be distinguished in the Shenhu waters.Sedimentary facies development is given priority to the turbidity current and mud flow.The overall features of sedimentary environment evolution of Shenhu area is sea level falling,with development of the strata of bathyal-deep facies to shallow facies from sequence C to A.The bathyal-deep facies are from up continental slope down.
引文
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[2]Bunz S,Mienert J,Berndt C.Geological controls onthe storage gas-hydrate system of the mid-Norweigian con-tinental margin[J].Earth and Planetary Science Let-ters,2003,209:291-307.
[3]Milkov A V,Claypool G E,Lee Y J,et al.Gas hydratesystems at hydrate ridge offshore oregon inferred from mo-lecular and isotopic properties of hydrate-bound and voidgases[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2005,69(4):1007-1026.
[4]李伍志,王璞珺,吴景富,等.南海南、北陆缘中生代构造层序及其沉积环境[J].世界地质,2011,30(4):567-572.LI Wu-zhi,WANG Pu-jun,WU Jing-fu,et al.Meso-zoic tectonic squence of southern and northern continentalmargins of South China Sea and their depositional environ-ment[J].Global Geology,2011,30(4):567-572.
[5]张志杰,于兴河.南海西沙海槽典型地震相识别与分析[J].海洋地质动态,2005,21(1):40-44.ZHANG Zhi-jie,YU Xing-he.Identification and analy-sis of typical seismic facies of the Xisha trough in theSouth China Sea[J].Marine Geology Letters,2005,21(1):40-44.
[6]沙志彬,郭依群,杨木壮,等.南海北部陆坡区沉积与天然气水合物成藏关系[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(5):89-98.SHA Zhi-bin,GUO Yi-qun,YANG Mu-zhuang,et al.Relation between sedimentation and gas hydrate reservoirsin the northern slope of South China Sea[J].MarineGeology and Quaternary Geology,2009,29(5):89-98.
[7]匡增桂,郭依群.南海北部神狐海域新近系以来沉积相及水合物成藏模式[J].地球科学,2011,36(5):914-920.KUANG Zeng-gui,GUO Yi-qun.The sedimentary faciesand gas hydrate accumulation models since neogene ofShenhu sea area,northern South China Sea[J].EarthScience,2011,36(5):914-920.
[8]曹超,雷怀彦.南海北部有孔虫碳氧同位素特征与晚第四纪水合物分解的响应关系[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2012,42(增刊1):162-171.CAO Chao,LEI Huai-yan.Respondence between car-bon and oxygen isotopic characteristics of foraminiferafrom the northern South China Sea and late Quaternaryhydrate released[J].Journal of Jilin University:EarthScience Edition,2012,42(Suppl.1):162-171.
[9]葛璐,蒋少涌,杨涛,等.南海北部神狐海域冷泉碳酸盐烟囱的甘油醚类生物标志化合物及其碳同位素组成[J].科学通报,2011,56(14):1124-1131.GE Lu,JIANG Shao-yong,YANG Tao,et al.Glycerolether biomarkers and their carbon isotopic compositions ina cold seep carbonate chimney from the Shenhu area,northern South China Sea[J].Chinese Science Bulle-tin,2011,56(14):1124-1131.
[10]陆红锋,陈芳,刘坚,等.南海北部神狐海区的自生碳酸盐岩烟囱:海底富烃流体活动的记录[J].地质论评,2006,52(3):352-357.LU Hong-feng,CHEN Fang,LIU Jian,et al.Charac-teristics of authigenci carbonate chimneys in Shenhuarea,northern South China Sea:recorders of hydrocar-bon-enriched fluid activity[J].Geological Review,2006,52(3):352-357.
[11]雷新民,张光学,郑艳.南海北部神狐海域天然气水合物形成及分布的地质因素[J].海洋地质动态,2009,25(5):1-9.LEI Xin-min,ZHANG Guang-xue,ZHENG Yan.Geo-logical factors for formation and distribution of naturalgas hydrate in Shenhu sea area,northern South ChinaSea[J].Marine Geology Letters,2009,25(5):1-9.
[12]奥克塔文.卡图尼努.层序地层学原理[M].吴因业,张志杰,张琴,等,译.北京:石油工业出版社,2006:101-133.Octavian.Principles of sequence stratigraphy[M].WU Yin-ye,ZHANG Zhi-jie,ZHANG Qin,et al.translated.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006:101-133.
[13]Thomas H,Shipley M H,Houaton R T B,et al.Seis-mic evidence for widespread possible gas hydrate hori-zons on continertal slopes and rises[J].American As-sociation of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,1979,63(12):2204-2213.
[14]Hyndman R D,Spence G D.A seismic study of meth-ane hydrate marine bottom simulating reflectors[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1992,97(B5):6683-6698.
[15]Diaconescu C C,Kieckhefer R M,Knapp J H.Geo-physical evidence for gas hydrates in the deep water ofthe south Caspian Basin,Azerbaijan[J].Marine andPetroleum Geology,2001,18(2):209-221.
[16]徐怀大.地震地层学解释基础[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,1990:30-36.XU Huai-da.Interpretation fundamental of seismic stra-tigraphy[M].Beijing:China University of GeosciencesPress,1990:30-36.
[17]黄永样,张光学.我国海域天然气水合物地质—地球物理特征及前景[M].北京:地质出版社,2009:56-66.HUANG Yong-yang,ZHANG Guang-xue.The geologicgeophysical characteristic and foreground of gas hydratein China sea[M].Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,2009:56-66.
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