城市活动断层探测成果图件集的编制规范研究
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摘要
城市活动断层探测成果图件集是近年国家活动断层探测科学工程项目开展以来形成的重要资料,其集成编绘将有助于今后地震地质研究和防震减灾的开展。城市活动断层探测成果图件集包括20个城市的1:250000区域地震构造图与1:50000活动断层分布图。文中系统详细地探讨了区域地震构造图与活动断层分布图地图信息的组织与表达、设计思想、制图综合、图例规范与编制过程。最后,还简要介绍了基于ArcGIS平台的计算机规范化制图过程。
China Earthquake Urban Active Fault Surveying Project is a national important scientific and engineering project in recent years.Its map achievement,which includes 1:250,000 regional seismotectonic map and 1: 50,000active fault distribution map of twenty cities,is an important integrated document and will be utilized in seismological and geologic research,protecting against earthquake,and relief of disaster.However,these maps are not drawn in uniform standards.As a result,there is lack of normalization in stratigraphic division,map information expression and map layout.The lack of standardization will lead to further problems when publishing and utilizing these documents because of the diverse information expression. This paper discusses the design philosophy,data scheme and expression,cartographic generalization,illustration standard and mapping procedure of the 1:250,000 regional seismotectonic maps and 1: 50,000 urban active fault distribution maps.The map information is from urban active fault databases,which are based on ArcGIS Geodatabase technique,and the mapping procedure is based on ArcGIS mapping template technique.Therefore,the paper also introduces the mapping procedure in ArcGIS software and references the information organization in urban active fault database. Since cooperation among industries,universities and geological research institutions becomes increasingly prominent,the mapping achievement of active fault surveying is in urge of standardization and normalization.The work in this paper is based on years of work of active fault survey project.We have collected suggestions and advices from first-line technological staff to scientific experts,and then revised our work in many details.It is expected that this work can promote the standardization and normalization of the active fault map achievements.
China Earthquake Urban Active Fault Surveying Project is a national important scientific and engineering project in recent years.Its map achievement,which includes 1:250,000 regional seismotectonic map and 1: 50,000active fault distribution map of twenty cities,is an important integrated document and will be utilized in seismological and geologic research,protecting against earthquake,and relief of disaster.However,these maps are not drawn in uniform standards.As a result,there is lack of normalization in stratigraphic division,map information expression and map layout.The lack of standardization will lead to further problems when publishing and utilizing these documents because of the diverse information expression. This paper discusses the design philosophy,data scheme and expression,cartographic generalization,illustration standard and mapping procedure of the 1:250,000 regional seismotectonic maps and 1: 50,000 urban active fault distribution maps.The map information is from urban active fault databases,which are based on ArcGIS Geodatabase technique,and the mapping procedure is based on ArcGIS mapping template technique.Therefore,the paper also introduces the mapping procedure in ArcGIS software and references the information organization in urban active fault database. Since cooperation among industries,universities and geological research institutions becomes increasingly prominent,the mapping achievement of active fault surveying is in urge of standardization and normalization.The work in this paper is based on years of work of active fault survey project.We have collected suggestions and advices from first-line technological staff to scientific experts,and then revised our work in many details.It is expected that this work can promote the standardization and normalization of the active fault map achievements.
引文
葛伟鹏,袁道阳,郭华.2006.对城市活断层探测项目中地震地质数据建模的探讨[J].西北地震学报,28(2):134-139.GE Wei-peng,YUAN Dao-yang,GUO Hua.2006.Discussion on seismogeologic data modeling for urban active fault sur-veying project[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,28(2):134—139(in Chinese).
李策,杜云艳,于贵华,等.2008.基于ArcGIS的地震活断层多源数据组织与管理研究[J].地球信息科学,10(6):716—723.LI Ce,DU Yun-yan,YU Gui-hua,et al.2008.A study on organizing and managing multi-source seismic active fault databased on ArcGIS[J].Geo-information Science,10(6):716—723(in Chinese).
刘娜,张建国,毛燕,等.2009.活断层数据库中昆明防震减灾工作中的应用研究[J].地震研究,32(增刊503—506.LIU Na,ZHANG Jian-guo,MAO Yan,et al.2009.Application of information database of active faults in Kunming'searthquake preparedness and disaster reduction work[J].Journal of Seismological Research,32(suppl):503—506(in Chinese).
任镇寰,杨廉法,李春初,等.2010.南海北部第四系厚度分布图的编制与简要说明[J].华南地震,30(2):37—41.REN Zhen-huan,YANG Lian-fa,LI Chun-chu,et al.2010.The drawing and brief introduction of the distribution map ofthe Quaternary thickness in the northern South China Sea[J].South China Journal of Seismology,30(2):37—41(in Chinese).
柔洁,刘云华,傅长海.2008.乌鲁木齐活断层数据库在城市建设中的作用[J].内陆地震,22(2):193—202.ROU Jie,LIU Yun-hua,FU Chang-hai.2008.The function of Urumqi City active fault database in urban construction[J].Inland Earthquake,22(2):193—202(in Chinese).
盛业华,郭达志.1995.GIS环境下空间要素的制图综合方法[J].测绘通报,(3):26—34.SHENG Ye-hua,GUO Da-zhi.1995.The cartographic generalization of space elements on GIS software[J].Bulletin ofSurveying and Mapping,(3):26—34(in Chinese).
孙亚夫,杜道生,周勇前.1998.基于模板技术的专题制图[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报,23(2):171—174.SUN Ya-fu,DU Dao-sheng,ZHOU Yong-qian.1998.A pattern-plate-based technique for thematic mapping[J].Journalof Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping,23(2):171—174(in Chinese).
王均,王红,陈向东.2003.数字制图中地图符号的标准化研究[J].地球信息科学,(2):16—19.WANG Jun,WANG Hong,CHEN Xiang-dong.2003.The symbology standards for the electronic cartography[J].Geo-information Science,(2):16—19(in Chinese).
王生.2008.论GIS软件在林业制图中的应用与发展[J].林业调查规划,33(2):30—33.WANG Sheng.2008.The application of GIS software to forestry mapping and the development[J].Forest Inventory andPlanning,33(2):30—33(in Chinese).
薛明,肖学年.1998.关于地图符号库及其标准化问题的探讨[J].测绘标准化,14(2):2—5.XUE Ming,XIAO Xue-nian.1998.A study on map symbols bank and its normalization[J].Standardization of Survey-ing and Mapping,14(2):2—5(in Chinese).
尹章才,李霖,黄茂军.2007.地理数据库驱动的地图表达机制研究[J].测绘科学,32(1):32—34,69.YIN Zhang-cai,LI Lin,HUANG Mao-jun.2007.A study on the expressing mechanism of geo-database-driven maps[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,32(1):32—34,69(in Chinese).
应申,李霖.2003.制图综合的知识表示[J].测绘信息与工程,28(6):26—28.YING Shen,LI Lin.2003.Knowledge representation of cartographic generalization[J].Journal of Geomatics,226—28(in Chinese).
于贵华,徐锡伟,孙怡,等.2006.城市活断层探测信息系统的设计与实现:以福州市活断层信息管理系统为例[J].地震地质,28(4):655—661.YU Gui-hua,XU Xi-wei,SUN Yi,et al.2006.Design and implement of urban active fault information management sys-tem[J].Seismology and Geology,28(4):655—661(in Chinese).
中国地震局.2009.中华人民共和国地震行业标准DB/T15-2009活动断层探测[Z].北京:地震出版社.China Earthquake Administration.2009.Earthquake industry standard of the People's Republic of China DB/T15-2009,Surveying and Prospecting of Active Fault[Z].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese)
中国地质矿产部.1997.中华人民共和国地质矿产行业标准DZ/T0191-19971:250000地质图地理底图编绘规范[Z].北京:中国标准出版社.Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources of China.1997.The industry standard of geology and mineral resources ofthe People's Republic of China DZ/T0191-1997,Compilation specifications for geographical base map of1:250000geology map[Z].Standards Press of China,Beijing(in Chinese).
李策,杜云艳,于贵华,等.2008.基于ArcGIS的地震活断层多源数据组织与管理研究[J].地球信息科学,10(6):716—723.LI Ce,DU Yun-yan,YU Gui-hua,et al.2008.A study on organizing and managing multi-source seismic active fault databased on ArcGIS[J].Geo-information Science,10(6):716—723(in Chinese).
刘娜,张建国,毛燕,等.2009.活断层数据库中昆明防震减灾工作中的应用研究[J].地震研究,32(增刊503—506.LIU Na,ZHANG Jian-guo,MAO Yan,et al.2009.Application of information database of active faults in Kunming'searthquake preparedness and disaster reduction work[J].Journal of Seismological Research,32(suppl):503—506(in Chinese).
任镇寰,杨廉法,李春初,等.2010.南海北部第四系厚度分布图的编制与简要说明[J].华南地震,30(2):37—41.REN Zhen-huan,YANG Lian-fa,LI Chun-chu,et al.2010.The drawing and brief introduction of the distribution map ofthe Quaternary thickness in the northern South China Sea[J].South China Journal of Seismology,30(2):37—41(in Chinese).
柔洁,刘云华,傅长海.2008.乌鲁木齐活断层数据库在城市建设中的作用[J].内陆地震,22(2):193—202.ROU Jie,LIU Yun-hua,FU Chang-hai.2008.The function of Urumqi City active fault database in urban construction[J].Inland Earthquake,22(2):193—202(in Chinese).
盛业华,郭达志.1995.GIS环境下空间要素的制图综合方法[J].测绘通报,(3):26—34.SHENG Ye-hua,GUO Da-zhi.1995.The cartographic generalization of space elements on GIS software[J].Bulletin ofSurveying and Mapping,(3):26—34(in Chinese).
孙亚夫,杜道生,周勇前.1998.基于模板技术的专题制图[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报,23(2):171—174.SUN Ya-fu,DU Dao-sheng,ZHOU Yong-qian.1998.A pattern-plate-based technique for thematic mapping[J].Journalof Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping,23(2):171—174(in Chinese).
王均,王红,陈向东.2003.数字制图中地图符号的标准化研究[J].地球信息科学,(2):16—19.WANG Jun,WANG Hong,CHEN Xiang-dong.2003.The symbology standards for the electronic cartography[J].Geo-information Science,(2):16—19(in Chinese).
王生.2008.论GIS软件在林业制图中的应用与发展[J].林业调查规划,33(2):30—33.WANG Sheng.2008.The application of GIS software to forestry mapping and the development[J].Forest Inventory andPlanning,33(2):30—33(in Chinese).
薛明,肖学年.1998.关于地图符号库及其标准化问题的探讨[J].测绘标准化,14(2):2—5.XUE Ming,XIAO Xue-nian.1998.A study on map symbols bank and its normalization[J].Standardization of Survey-ing and Mapping,14(2):2—5(in Chinese).
尹章才,李霖,黄茂军.2007.地理数据库驱动的地图表达机制研究[J].测绘科学,32(1):32—34,69.YIN Zhang-cai,LI Lin,HUANG Mao-jun.2007.A study on the expressing mechanism of geo-database-driven maps[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,32(1):32—34,69(in Chinese).
应申,李霖.2003.制图综合的知识表示[J].测绘信息与工程,28(6):26—28.YING Shen,LI Lin.2003.Knowledge representation of cartographic generalization[J].Journal of Geomatics,226—28(in Chinese).
于贵华,徐锡伟,孙怡,等.2006.城市活断层探测信息系统的设计与实现:以福州市活断层信息管理系统为例[J].地震地质,28(4):655—661.YU Gui-hua,XU Xi-wei,SUN Yi,et al.2006.Design and implement of urban active fault information management sys-tem[J].Seismology and Geology,28(4):655—661(in Chinese).
中国地震局.2009.中华人民共和国地震行业标准DB/T15-2009活动断层探测[Z].北京:地震出版社.China Earthquake Administration.2009.Earthquake industry standard of the People's Republic of China DB/T15-2009,Surveying and Prospecting of Active Fault[Z].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese)
中国地质矿产部.1997.中华人民共和国地质矿产行业标准DZ/T0191-19971:250000地质图地理底图编绘规范[Z].北京:中国标准出版社.Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources of China.1997.The industry standard of geology and mineral resources ofthe People's Republic of China DZ/T0191-1997,Compilation specifications for geographical base map of1:250000geology map[Z].Standards Press of China,Beijing(in Chinese).
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