三河—平谷8.0级地震区地壳结构和活动断裂研究——利用单次覆盖深反射和浅层地震剖面
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摘要
跨1679年三河—平谷8.0级地震区完成的单次覆盖深地震反射剖面和浅层地震反射剖面,揭示了三河—平谷地震区的地壳结构和断裂的深、浅构造特征.结果表明,该区地壳以TWT6～7 s左右的强反射带为界分为上地壳和下地壳,上地壳厚约18～21 km,下地壳厚约13～15 km.剖面揭示的地壳深断裂和浅部活动断裂具有上下一致的对应关系,其中,陡倾角的深断裂切割了下地壳和壳幔过渡带,向上延伸至上地壳,将地壳深部构造与浅部活动断裂联系在一起,这种深、浅共存的断裂构造体系是控制该区地震孕育和发生的重要因素,也是三河—平谷8.0级地震的深、浅构造背景.
The crustal structure and deep-shallow tectonic features of the Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake(M8.0,1679)Zone are explored by using a single-fold deep seismic reflection profile and a shallow seismic reflection profile.The results show that the crust beneath the investigated area is divided into upper and lower crust by a strong reflective zone at about 6～7 s TWT.The thickness of the upper and lower crust is about 18～21 km and 13～15 km,respectively.The seismic reflection profile reveals that the deep fault in crust coincides well with the active fault in the shallow subsurface.Among all the faults,the deep fault has a larger dip angle,and it cuts the lower crust and crust-mantle transitional zone.This deep fault extends upwards into the upper crust,and joins the crustal deep structure to the shallow active fault.The complex faults and crustal structures in deep and shallow are the tectonic background for Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake,which controlled the earthquake activity in the area.
The crustal structure and deep-shallow tectonic features of the Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake(M8.0,1679)Zone are explored by using a single-fold deep seismic reflection profile and a shallow seismic reflection profile.The results show that the crust beneath the investigated area is divided into upper and lower crust by a strong reflective zone at about 6～7 s TWT.The thickness of the upper and lower crust is about 18～21 km and 13～15 km,respectively.The seismic reflection profile reveals that the deep fault in crust coincides well with the active fault in the shallow subsurface.Among all the faults,the deep fault has a larger dip angle,and it cuts the lower crust and crust-mantle transitional zone.This deep fault extends upwards into the upper crust,and joins the crustal deep structure to the shallow active fault.The complex faults and crustal structures in deep and shallow are the tectonic background for Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake,which controlled the earthquake activity in the area.
引文
1) 中国地震局地质研究所.城市活断层试验探测——夏垫断裂钻孔联合剖面探测与断裂活动性评价工作报告.2007
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[11] Jie Zhang,M.Nafi Toksoz.Nonlinear refraction traveltime tomography.Geophysics,1998,63(5) :1726～1737
[12] 刘保金,胡 平,孟勇奇等.北京地区地壳精细结构的深地震反射剖面探测研究.地球物理学报,2009,52(9) :2264～2272 Liu B J,Hu P,Meng Y Q,et al.Research on fine crustal structure using deep seismic reflection profile in Beijing region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52 (9) :2264～2272
[13] 张先康,王椿镛,刘国栋等.延庆～怀来地区地壳结构--利用深地震反射剖面.地球物理学报,1996,39(3) :356～364 Zhang X K,Wang C Y,Liu G D,et al.Fine crustal structure in Yanqing-Huailai region by deep seismic reflection Profiling.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1996,39(3) :356～364
[14] 王椿镛,王贵美,林中洋等.用深地震反射方法研究邢台地震区地壳细结构.地球物理学报,1993,36(4) :445～451 Wang C Y,Wang G M,Lin Z Y,et al.A study on fine crustal structure in Xingtai earthquake area based on deep seismic reflection profiling.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1993,36(4) :445～451
[15] 张先康,赵金仁,刘国华等.三河-平谷8． 0级大震区震源细结构的深地震反射探测研究.中国地震,2002,18(4) :326～336 Zhang X K,Zhan J R,Liu G H,et al.Study on fine crustal structure of the Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake (M8． 0) region by deep seismic reflection profiling.Earthquake Research in China (in Chinese),2002,18(4) :326～336
[1] Klemperer S,Hauge A,Hauser E,et al.The Moho in the northern Basin and Range Province,Nevada,along the COCORP 40 degrees N seismic-reflection transect.Geological Society of America Bulletin ,1986 ,97 :603~618
[2] Fuis G,Levander A,Lutter J,et al .Christensen seismic images of the Brooks Range,Arctic Alaska,reveal crustalscale duplexing.Geology,1995,23:65～68
[3] Kawamura T,Onishi M,Kurashimo E,et al.Deep seismic reflection experiment using a dense receiver and sparse shot technique for imaging the deep structure of the Median Tectonic Line (MTL) in east Shikoku,Japan.Earth Planets Space,2003,55:549～557
[4] 高文学,马 瑾.首都圈地震地质环境与地震灾害.北京:地震出版社,1993． 3～51 Gao W X,Ma J.Seismo-Geological Background and Earthquake Hazard in Beiiing area (in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1993． 3～51
[5] 徐锡伟,吴卫民,张先康等.华北地区地壳最新构造变动与地震.北京:科学出版社,2002 XuXW,Wu W M,Zhang X K,et al.The Latest Crustal Deformation and Earthquake in North China (in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,2002
[6] 彭一民,李鼎荣,谢振钊等.北京平原区同生断裂的某些特征及其研究意义.地震地质,1981,3(2) :57～64 Peng Y M,Li D R,Xie Z Z,et al.Some features of contemporaneous faults in Beijing plain and their significance.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),1981,3(2) .:57～64
[7] 徐锡伟,计风桔,于贵华等.用钻孔地层剖面记录恢复古地震序列:河北夏垫断裂古地震研究.地震地质,2000,22(1) : 9～19 Xu X W,Ji F J,Yu G H,et al.Reconstruction of paleoearthquake sequence using stratigraphic section from drill logs;A study at the Xiadian fault,Hebei.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),2000,22(1) :9～19
[8] 江娃利,侯治华,肖振敏等.北京平原夏垫断裂齐心庄探槽古地震事件分析.地震地质,2000,22(4) :413～422 Jiang W L,Hou Z H,Xiao Z M,et al.Study on paleoearthquakes of Qixinzhuang trench at the Xiadian fault,Beijing plain.Seismology and Geology (in Chinese),2000,22(4) :413～422
[9] 嘉世旭,张成科,赵金仁等.华北裂陷盆地与燕山隆起地壳结构.地球物理学报,2009,52(1) :99～110 Jia S X,Zhang C K,Zhao J R,et al.Crustal structure of the rift-depression basin and Yanshan uplift in the northeast part of North China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(1) :99～110
[10] 王帅军,张先康,张成科等.武清-北京-赤城二维地壳结构和构造.地球物理学报,2007,50(6) :1769～1777 Wang S J,Zhang X K,Zhang C K,et al.2-D crustal structures along Wuqing Beijing-Chicheng deep seismic sounding profile.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50 (6) :1769～1777
[11] Jie Zhang,M.Nafi Toksoz.Nonlinear refraction traveltime tomography.Geophysics,1998,63(5) :1726～1737
[12] 刘保金,胡 平,孟勇奇等.北京地区地壳精细结构的深地震反射剖面探测研究.地球物理学报,2009,52(9) :2264～2272 Liu B J,Hu P,Meng Y Q,et al.Research on fine crustal structure using deep seismic reflection profile in Beijing region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52 (9) :2264～2272
[13] 张先康,王椿镛,刘国栋等.延庆～怀来地区地壳结构--利用深地震反射剖面.地球物理学报,1996,39(3) :356～364 Zhang X K,Wang C Y,Liu G D,et al.Fine crustal structure in Yanqing-Huailai region by deep seismic reflection Profiling.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1996,39(3) :356～364
[14] 王椿镛,王贵美,林中洋等.用深地震反射方法研究邢台地震区地壳细结构.地球物理学报,1993,36(4) :445～451 Wang C Y,Wang G M,Lin Z Y,et al.A study on fine crustal structure in Xingtai earthquake area based on deep seismic reflection profiling.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1993,36(4) :445～451
[15] 张先康,赵金仁,刘国华等.三河-平谷8． 0级大震区震源细结构的深地震反射探测研究.中国地震,2002,18(4) :326～336 Zhang X K,Zhan J R,Liu G H,et al.Study on fine crustal structure of the Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake (M8． 0) region by deep seismic reflection profiling.Earthquake Research in China (in Chinese),2002,18(4) :326～336
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