青藏东南缘背景噪声的瑞利波相速度层析成像及强震活动
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摘要
为研究青藏东南缘的速度结构及其与地震的关系,本研究使用云南区域地震台网的55个宽频带地震台站连续地震背景噪声数据,采用双台站互相关方法获得瑞利面波经验格林函数,提取相速度频散曲线,根据面波层析成像反演得到云南地区周期5~34 s范围内相速度分布图像.反演结果揭示研究区地壳及上地幔速度结构存在明显横向不均匀性.短周期(5~12 s)相速度异常与研究区内沉积层厚度、结晶基底埋深等区域地质构造有密切的关系;16~26 s周期内由红河断裂、小江断裂和剑川断裂围成的"川滇菱形块体"内呈现大范围的低速异常,至30~34 s时"川滇菱形块体"下方又变为高速异常,纵观整个范围川滇菱形块体内相速度的变化情况,暗示中下地壳处的低速异常区很可能就是青藏高原下地壳流的通道.1970年以来的地震活动显示,云南区域强震活动空间分布不均匀,具有比较显著的块体活动特点,但大多数集中在上地壳,除滇中块体外,地震主要发生在高低速分界面和低速异常区,震级一般不超过7级.在深度15~30 km范围内,5级以上强震的数量很少,但7级以上地震却集中在这个深度范围,主要发生在高低速分界面并更深入到相对高速的异常体内.
引文
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