结构面控制型斜坡震裂力学机制研究
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摘要
大光包滑坡为汶川地震触发的最大规模滑坡,是典型的结构面控制型的滑坡。本文以其为地质原型,考虑其坡体结构和地形地貌,建立起数值计算模型,对其进行全过程动力模拟,对坡体的应力演化过程进行全程分析,从力学演化过程来解释斜坡的地震变形破坏机制。结果表明:斜坡的应力演化特征对其变形破坏过程起控制性作用,对于结构面控制型的斜坡来说,结构面的应力状态控制着斜坡的变形破坏,斜坡破坏前,坡体的应力特征表现出整体性,结构面处的应力特征与坡体较为一致,表现出控制性作用;在结构面破坏后,其控制作用明显减弱。对于结构面,其前缘破坏以剪切破坏为主,后缘为拉张和剪切复合型破坏。
Daguangbao slope is the largest among all landslides occurred during the Wenchuan Earthquake,which is a typical rock slope under control of rock mass structure. Taking Daguangbao slope as the example,the rock mass structures and its statistical geomorphic features are considered. The numerical analysis model of the slope is built to simulate the stress field and extending trend of the rockslide,and its formation mechanism is discussed. The simulation of the slope shows that the stress field and extending trend of the slope control the failure model of the slope,and for the slope under control of rock mass structure the trend of the sliding plane controls the failure model of the slope. Before the failure occurred,the stress characteristics of the sliding plane and slope matched well,which shows the control roles. When the failure occurred the control effect was weak obviously,and the failure of sliding plane is shear failure in the lower part; the upper part is the tension failure and the shear failure.
Daguangbao slope is the largest among all landslides occurred during the Wenchuan Earthquake,which is a typical rock slope under control of rock mass structure. Taking Daguangbao slope as the example,the rock mass structures and its statistical geomorphic features are considered. The numerical analysis model of the slope is built to simulate the stress field and extending trend of the rockslide,and its formation mechanism is discussed. The simulation of the slope shows that the stress field and extending trend of the slope control the failure model of the slope,and for the slope under control of rock mass structure the trend of the sliding plane controls the failure model of the slope. Before the failure occurred,the stress characteristics of the sliding plane and slope matched well,which shows the control roles. When the failure occurred the control effect was weak obviously,and the failure of sliding plane is shear failure in the lower part; the upper part is the tension failure and the shear failure.
引文
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[4]张倬元,王士天,王兰生等.工程地质分析原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1994.Zhang Zhuoyuan,Wang Shitian,Wang Lansheng et al.Principles of engineering geology[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994.(in Chinese)
[5]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋.地震边坡破坏机制及其破裂面的分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1714~1723.Zheng Yingren,Ye Hailin,Huang Runqiu.Analysis and discussion of failure mechanism and fracture surface of slope under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(8):1714~1723.(in Chinese)
[2]孙广忠.岩体结构力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.Sun Guangzhong.Rock mass structure mechanics[M].Beijing:Science Press,1988.(in Chinese)
[3]李世贵.汶川5.12地震诱发大光包巨型滑坡形成机理与运动特征研究[D].成都:成都理工大学硕士学位论文,2010.Li Shigui.5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake induced landslide of Daguangbao giant incentive and movement characteristics of formation[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2010.(in Chinese)
[4]张倬元,王士天,王兰生等.工程地质分析原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1994.Zhang Zhuoyuan,Wang Shitian,Wang Lansheng et al.Principles of engineering geology[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994.(in Chinese)
[5]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋.地震边坡破坏机制及其破裂面的分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1714~1723.Zheng Yingren,Ye Hailin,Huang Runqiu.Analysis and discussion of failure mechanism and fracture surface of slope under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(8):1714~1723.(in Chinese)
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