基于小波变换的随机干扰压制方法研究
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摘要
在地震勘探中,随机噪声是一种频带较宽、严重影响有效波的干扰波,常用的傅立叶变换方法效果去除效果不理想。小波变换是一种时频分析方法,根据它的分频和局部分析能力,能有效地消除随机干扰,保留有效波的中、高频成分,经过小波重构,可恢复有效波信号。本文首先通过MATLAB合成了含噪地震记录,然后使用不同的小波基、阈值和分解层次对地震记录中的随机干扰进行了去除。其结果表明:基于小波变换的去噪方法是一种提取有用信号、展示噪声和突变信号的优越方法,具有广阔的应用价值。
In seismic exploration,the random noise is a interference wave of wide band,and seriously affecting the effective waves,commonly used Fourier transform is a commonly method to attenuating it and the result is not satisfactory. The wavelet transform is a time- frequency analysis method based on fractional frequency and local analysis,which will effectively eliminate random noise,retain significant wave of middle and high frequency components,and through wavelet reconstruction to restore significant wave signal. In this paper,we use MATLAB synthesized seismic signals with noisy firstly,and then use different wavelet bases,thresholds and decomposition level to attenuating random noise in effective waves. The results show that: the method based on wavelet transform is an useful method to extract useful signal,display noise and mutation signal,and has broad application value.
In seismic exploration,the random noise is a interference wave of wide band,and seriously affecting the effective waves,commonly used Fourier transform is a commonly method to attenuating it and the result is not satisfactory. The wavelet transform is a time- frequency analysis method based on fractional frequency and local analysis,which will effectively eliminate random noise,retain significant wave of middle and high frequency components,and through wavelet reconstruction to restore significant wave signal. In this paper,we use MATLAB synthesized seismic signals with noisy firstly,and then use different wavelet bases,thresholds and decomposition level to attenuating random noise in effective waves. The results show that: the method based on wavelet transform is an useful method to extract useful signal,display noise and mutation signal,and has broad application value.
引文
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[8]房文静,范宜仁,邓少贵,等.测井多尺度分析方法中最优小波基的选取[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(4):71~73.
[9]刘鑫,李可恩,贺振华,等.基于小波变换的地震资料局域自适应去噪研究[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(4):266~270.
[2]郭刚明,时立彩,高生军,等.小波变换在地震资料处理中的应用效果分析[J].石油物探,2004,42(2):237~239.
[3]刘培体,刘喜武,年静波.用过采样小波变换提高地震资料分辨率[J].石油物探,2004,42(4):513~516.
[4]王西文,朱文春.基于小波变换的地震相干体算法及其应用[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):334~338.
[5]杨忠民,黄大云.小波变换在提高资料的信噪比和分辨率申的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994.
[6]王振国,周熙襄.基于小波变换的最小光滑滤波去噪[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(6):594~600.
[7]张华,陈小宏,杨海燕.地震信号去噪的最优小波基选取方法[J].文献,2011,6:7.
[8]房文静,范宜仁,邓少贵,等.测井多尺度分析方法中最优小波基的选取[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(4):71~73.
[9]刘鑫,李可恩,贺振华,等.基于小波变换的地震资料局域自适应去噪研究[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(4):266~270.
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