用于微动探测的低成本自存储式数字地震检波器
详细信息 本馆镜像全文    |  推荐本文 | | 获取馆网全文
摘要
微动探测是利用地球表面的天然震动信号进行探测的被动源探测方法.相对于传统的物探方法,微动探测野外施工灵活,阵列形状多样,受施工场地限制小,对施工环境影响小.目前进行微动探测所用的地震检波器大多成本较高、重量和体积大,不便于运输与大规模布设.本文由微动探测方法的特点出发,优化改造了自行研发的低成本自存储式数字地震检波器,使其性能满足微动探测的需要.通过对地震计系统噪声的详细分析、微动探测原理的讨论,结合现场试验数据,探讨了该检波器应用于大规模微动探测的可行性.
Microtremor survey is a kind of passive-source methods which uses ambient ground tremors for geological investigation.Compared with traditional geophysical methods,it is more flexible,cost-efficient,and environmentally friendly. Most currently used geophones are expensive and bulky,and therefore inconvenient to large-scale deployment.In this study,a nocable low-cost geophone was optimized to suit for large-scale microtremor survey.The method of optimization is based on the following four points:First,it selects a sensor through the analysis of the self-noise of to meet the needs of microtremor survey.Second,it chooses the right operational amplifier and AD conversion module.Third,it integrates design of the entire system without using external module.And fourth,it makes a low-cost design of the geophone system,including selection of low-cost hardware components and reducing the amount of software code.Finally,the optimized geophone was used in three areas with differentgeological conditions in order to verify the rationality of the improvement and the possibilities for large-scale microtremor survey.The purpose of optimization has been achieved in this research.The no-cable geophone wrights only 600 g,and the maximum average power cost does not exceed 0.1mW.The entire system costs less than 2000 RMB.The most important thing is the optimized geophone can record the microtremor signal from 0.5to 20 Hz effectively.Experiments show that in different geological conditions the geophone can be setup quickly and work smoothly and reliably.The results of microtremor survey experiments are consistent with the existing geological data.Because the new geophone is much cheaper than the existing microtremor survey equipment,it is possible to use it in low-cost large-scale survey.The optimized geophone has a very small volume and light weight,and can be rapidly emplacedinto a variety of detector arrays.After the emplacement of large number of geophones,it can easily and quickly conduct survey to twodimensional or three-dimensional velocity structure of the area.Such microtremor survey with environment-friendly and low-cost advantages has broad application prospects.
引文
Aki K.1957.Space and time spectra of stationary stochastic waves,with special reference to microtremors.Bull.Earthq.Res.Inst.,35:415-456.
    Ding L J,Ran W Y.2005.The application of natural source surfacewave frequency-waves method.Geophysical and GeochemicalExploration(in Chinese),29(2):138-141.
    Feng S K.2003.Array microtremor survey and its application tocivil engineering.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering(in Chinese),22(6):1029-1036.
    He Z Q,Ding Z F,Jia H,et al.2007.To determine the velocitystructure of shallow crust with surface wave information inmicrotremors.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),50(2):492-498,doi:10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2007.02.021.
    Johnson J B.1928.Thermal Agitation of Electricity in Conductors.Phys.Rev.,32,97,doi:10.1103/PhysRev.32.97.
    Jon P.1993.Observation and Modeling of Seismic BackgroundNoise.USGS Open-File Report,39:93-322.
    Ling S Q.1994.Research on the estimation of phase velocities ofsurface waves in microtremors[Ph.D.thesis](in Japanese).Hokkaido:Hokkaido University.
    Ling S Q,Miwa S.2006.The evaluation of soil structures bySurface Wave Prospecting Medthod and Microtremor SurveyMethod—2004Mid Miigata Prefecture Earthquake(in Chinese).∥Liu Y Z(ed.).A New Technique on Engineering GeophysicalMethod.Beijing:Geological Publishing House.
    Ling S,Okada H.1993.An extended use of the spatial autocorrelationmethod for the estimation of structure using microtremors(inJapanese).∥89th SEGJ Conference,Nagoya,Japan,Society ofExploration Geophysicists of Japan,44-48.
    Okada H,Suto K.2003.The microtremor survey method.Societyof Exploration Geophysicists.∥Geophysical Monographs SeriesVol.12.Tulsa:Society of Exploration Geophysicists.
    Ran W Y,Wang Z D.1994.The Long-wave microtremors methodand its advances.Geophys.Geochem.Explor.(in Chinese),18(1):28-34.
    Rayleigh L.1885.On waves propagated along the plane surface ofan elastic solid.Proc.LondonMath.Soc.,17(1):4-11.
    Toksz M N,Lacoss R T.1968.Microseisms:mode structure andsources.Science,159(3817):872-873.
    Sun Y J,Xu P F,Ling S Q,et al.2009.Microtremor surveymethod and its progress.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),24(1):326-334.
    Wang Z D.1986.The micromotional spectral autocorrelation methodand its practical technique.Geophys.Geochem.Explor.(inChinese),10(2):123-133.
    Xu P F,Li C J,Ling S Q,et al.2009.Mapping collapsed columnsin coal mines utilizing Microtremor Survey Methods.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),52(7):1923-1930,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.07.028.
    Xu P F,Shi W,Ling S Q,et al.2012.Mapping sphericallyweathered“Boulders”using 2Dmicrotremor profiling method:acase study along subway line 7 in Shenzhen.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),55(6):2120-2128,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.06.034.
    Yang C L.1993.The RayleighWave Exploration(in Chinese).Beijing:The Geological Publishing House.
    Zhang W,He Z Q,Hu G,et al.2012.Detect the velocity structureof shallow crust with artificial and nature source Rayleigh wavetechnology.Technology forEarthquake Disaster Prevention(inChinese),7(1):26-36.
    丁连靖,冉伟彦.2005.天然源面波频率-波数法的应用与研究.物探与化探,29(2):138-141.
    冯少孔.2003.微动勘探技术及其在土木工程中的应用.岩石力学与工程学报,22(6):1029-1036.
    何正勤,丁志峰,贾辉等.2007.用微动中的面波信息探测地壳浅部的速度结构.地球物理学报,50(2):492-498,doi:10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2007.02.021.
    凌甦群,三轮滋.2006.瞬态面波法和微动勘探法在日本新泻县中越地震灾区地质调查中的应用.见:刘云祯主编.工程物探新技术.北京:地质出版社.
    冉伟彦,王振东.1994.长波微动法及其新进展.物探与化探,18(1):28-34.
    孙勇军,徐佩芬,凌甦群等.2009.微动勘查方法及其研究进展.地球物理学进展,24(1):326-334.
    王振东.1986.微动的空间自相关法及其实用技术.物探与化探,10(2):123-133.
    徐佩芬,李传金,凌甦群等.2009.利用微动勘查方法探测煤矿陷落柱.地球物理学报,52(7):1923-1930,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.07.028.
    徐佩芬,侍文,凌苏群等.2012.二维微动剖面探测“孤石”:以深圳地铁7号线为例.地球物理学报,55(6):2120-2128,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.06.034.
    杨成林.1993.瑞雷波勘探.北京:地质出版社.
    张维,何正勤,胡刚等.2012.用人工源和天然源面波联合探测浅层速度结构.震灾防御技术,7(1):26-36.

版权所有:© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心