北美地区地震烈度预测方程
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摘要
作为震级与距离函数的地震烈度预测方程是地震危险和风险评估及解释当代和历史地震信息的有用工具。在过去的几年中,Atkinson与Wald的地震烈度预测方程(2007;下文中称AW07)在"你感觉到了吗?"(DYFI)项目下描述报告的地震动水平和烈度方面一直非常成功。使用2000到2013年的DYFI观测数据的扩展编辑数据库对北美地震的AW07性能的评估检验表明,不存在修正这些方程的统计基础。但AW07方程的一个问题是它们对大震(M>6)预测了在近距离处的不切实际的中值烈度。在本研究中,通过协调地震烈度方程和地震动预测方程,我们修正了AW07,改善了大地震在近距离的烈度标度。
引文
Atkinson,G.(2008).Alternative ground-motion prediction equations for eastern North Americafrom a referenced empirical approach:Implications for epistemic uncertainty,Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.98,1304-1318.
Atkinson,G.,and J.Adams(2013).Ground motionprediction equations for application to the 2015national seismic hazard maps of Canada,Can.J.Civil Eng.40,988-998.
Atkinson,G.,and T.Hanks(1995).A high-frequency magnitude scale,Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.85,825-833.
Atkinson,G.,and D.Wald(2007).Modified Mercalliintensity:A surprisingly good measure ofground motion,Seismol.Res.Lett.78,362-368.
Boatwright,J.,and H.Bundock(2005).ModifiedMercalli Intensity maps for the 1906San Francisco earthquake,U.S.Geol.Surv.Open-FileRept.2005-1135,11pp.,11electronic maps(http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1135/;last accessed September 2014).
Boore,D.,J.Stewart,E.Seyhan,and G.Atkinson(2014).NGA-West2 equations for predictingresponse spectral accelerations for shallow crustal earthquakes,Earthq.Spectra doi:10.1193/070113EQS184M.
Bozorgnia,Y.,N.Abrahamson,L.Al Atik,T.Ancheta,G.Atkinson,J.Baker,A.Baltay,D.Boore,K.Campbell,B.Chiou,R.Darragh,S.Day,J.Donahue,R.Graves,N.Gregor,T.Hanks,I.Idriss,R.Kamai,T.Kishida,A.Kottke,S.Mahin,S.Rezaeian,B.Rowshandel,E.Seyhan,S.Shahi,T.Shantz,W.Silva,P.Spudich,J.Stewart,J.Watson-Lamprey,K.Wooddell,and R.Youngs(2014).NGA-West2 research project,Earthq.Spectra doi:10.1193/072113EQS209M.
Burger,R.,P.Somerville,J.Barker,R.Herrmann,and D.Helmberger(1987).The effect of crustalstructure on strong ground motion attenuationrelations in eastern North America,Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.77,420-439.
Dewey,J.,B.Reagor,L.Dengler,and K.Moley(1995).Intensity and isoseismal maps for theNorthridge,California,earthquake of January17,1994,U.S.Geol.Surv.Open-File Rept.95-92,35pp.
Dewey,J.,D.Wald,and L.Dengler(2000).Relatingconventional USGS modified Mercalli intensitiesto intensities assigned with data collected via
the Internet,Seismol.Res.Lett.71,264.
Hough,S.(2012).Initial assessment of the intensitydistribution of the 2011 Mw5.8 Mineral Virginia earthquake,Seismol.Res.Lett.83,649-657.
Joyner,W.,and D.Boore(1981).Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong motion records including records from the 1979ImperialValley,California,earthquake,Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.71,2011-2038.
Power,M.,B.Chiou,N.Abrahamson,Y.Bozorgnia,T.Shantz,and C.Roblee(2008).An overview ofthe NGA project,Earthq.Spectra24,3-21.
Wald,D.,V.Quitoriano,L.Dengler,and J.Dewey(1999).Utilization of the Internet for rapidcommunity intensity maps,Seismol.Res.Lett.70,680-697.
Wood,H.,and F.Neumann(1931).Modified Mercalli intensity scale of 1931,Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.21,277-283.
Worden,B.,M.Gerstenberger,D.Rhoades,and D.Wald(2012).Probabilistic relationships betweenground motion parameters and modified Mercalli intensity in California,Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.102,204-221.
Atkinson,G.,and J.Adams(2013).Ground motionprediction equations for application to the 2015national seismic hazard maps of Canada,Can.J.Civil Eng.40,988-998.
Atkinson,G.,and T.Hanks(1995).A high-frequency magnitude scale,Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.85,825-833.
Atkinson,G.,and D.Wald(2007).Modified Mercalliintensity:A surprisingly good measure ofground motion,Seismol.Res.Lett.78,362-368.
Boatwright,J.,and H.Bundock(2005).ModifiedMercalli Intensity maps for the 1906San Francisco earthquake,U.S.Geol.Surv.Open-FileRept.2005-1135,11pp.,11electronic maps(http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1135/;last accessed September 2014).
Boore,D.,J.Stewart,E.Seyhan,and G.Atkinson(2014).NGA-West2 equations for predictingresponse spectral accelerations for shallow crustal earthquakes,Earthq.Spectra doi:10.1193/070113EQS184M.
Bozorgnia,Y.,N.Abrahamson,L.Al Atik,T.Ancheta,G.Atkinson,J.Baker,A.Baltay,D.Boore,K.Campbell,B.Chiou,R.Darragh,S.Day,J.Donahue,R.Graves,N.Gregor,T.Hanks,I.Idriss,R.Kamai,T.Kishida,A.Kottke,S.Mahin,S.Rezaeian,B.Rowshandel,E.Seyhan,S.Shahi,T.Shantz,W.Silva,P.Spudich,J.Stewart,J.Watson-Lamprey,K.Wooddell,and R.Youngs(2014).NGA-West2 research project,Earthq.Spectra doi:10.1193/072113EQS209M.
Burger,R.,P.Somerville,J.Barker,R.Herrmann,and D.Helmberger(1987).The effect of crustalstructure on strong ground motion attenuationrelations in eastern North America,Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.77,420-439.
Dewey,J.,B.Reagor,L.Dengler,and K.Moley(1995).Intensity and isoseismal maps for theNorthridge,California,earthquake of January17,1994,U.S.Geol.Surv.Open-File Rept.95-92,35pp.
Dewey,J.,D.Wald,and L.Dengler(2000).Relatingconventional USGS modified Mercalli intensitiesto intensities assigned with data collected via
the Internet,Seismol.Res.Lett.71,264.
Hough,S.(2012).Initial assessment of the intensitydistribution of the 2011 Mw5.8 Mineral Virginia earthquake,Seismol.Res.Lett.83,649-657.
Joyner,W.,and D.Boore(1981).Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong motion records including records from the 1979ImperialValley,California,earthquake,Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.71,2011-2038.
Power,M.,B.Chiou,N.Abrahamson,Y.Bozorgnia,T.Shantz,and C.Roblee(2008).An overview ofthe NGA project,Earthq.Spectra24,3-21.
Wald,D.,V.Quitoriano,L.Dengler,and J.Dewey(1999).Utilization of the Internet for rapidcommunity intensity maps,Seismol.Res.Lett.70,680-697.
Wood,H.,and F.Neumann(1931).Modified Mercalli intensity scale of 1931,Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.21,277-283.
Worden,B.,M.Gerstenberger,D.Rhoades,and D.Wald(2012).Probabilistic relationships betweenground motion parameters and modified Mercalli intensity in California,Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.102,204-221.
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