芦山地震场地非线性反应特征分析
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摘要
许多震害和理论研究证明场地在强震作用下会出现非线性反应。本文采用2013年芦山地震中的主余震强震动记录,采用谱比法对主震记录中加速度峰值(PGA)超过100 Gal且可能发生非线性反应的的8个固定台站进行了分析。利用余震中PGA低于30 Gal的谱比平均曲线作为场地线性反应的参考,通过对比主余震之间的谱比差异来识别场地非线性反应。主震下部分台站出现了由于场地非线性导致的卓越频率偏移。同时对弱震与主震谱比曲线比值随频率变化的规律进行了分析,计算了主震下场地放大开始缩小的临界频率(f NL)。最后对比分析了上述台站不同PGA输入水平下的非线性程度的量化指标(DNL)。
The nonlinear site effect during strong earthquake was confirmed in many seismic damages and studies.This paper estimated the site nonlinear response of 8 fixed stations whose PGA( peak ground acceleration) is more than 100 gal in Lushan earthquake using H / V spectral ratio method. The average curve of weak aftershocks( < 30 gal) was calculated as the linear site response. The nonlinear effect was identified by contrasting the difference between above two curves. An obvious shift of predominant frequency was found in mainshock,which is caused by soil nonlinearity. Then we calculated the f NL,a frequency after which we observe the deamplification between nonlinear response and linear site response. Finally we calculated and compared the index of nonlinear degree( DNL) of above stations in different PGA range.
The nonlinear site effect during strong earthquake was confirmed in many seismic damages and studies.This paper estimated the site nonlinear response of 8 fixed stations whose PGA( peak ground acceleration) is more than 100 gal in Lushan earthquake using H / V spectral ratio method. The average curve of weak aftershocks( < 30 gal) was calculated as the linear site response. The nonlinear effect was identified by contrasting the difference between above two curves. An obvious shift of predominant frequency was found in mainshock,which is caused by soil nonlinearity. Then we calculated the f NL,a frequency after which we observe the deamplification between nonlinear response and linear site response. Finally we calculated and compared the index of nonlinear degree( DNL) of above stations in different PGA range.
引文
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[14]Alessandro C D,Bonilla F L,Boore D M,et al.Predominant-Period Site Classification for Response Spectra Prediction Equations in Italy[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2012,102(2):680-695.
[15]Regnier J,Cadet H,Bonilla L F et al.Assessing nonlinear behavior of soils in Seismic Site Response:Statistic Analysis on Ki K-net Strong-motion data[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America.2013,103(3):1750-1770.
[16]温瑞智,任叶飞,齐文浩,等.2013年4月20日芦山地震最大加速度记录分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2013,48(5):783-791.WEN Ruizhi,REN Yefei,QI Wenhao,et al.Maximum acceleration recording from Lushan earthquake on April 20,2013[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2013,48(5):783-791.(in Chinese)
[2]Hardin B O and Drnevich V P.Shear modulus and damping insoil measurement and parameter effects[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Division,1972,98(6):603-624.
[3]Beresnev I A and Wen K L.Nonlinear soil response-a reality?[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1996,86(6):1964-1978.
[4]Wen K L.Non-linear soil response in ground motions[J].Earthquake engineering&structural dynamics,1994,26(6):599-608.
[5]Wen K L,Huang J Y,Chen C T,et al.Nonlinear site response of the 2010 Darfield,New Zealand,earthquake sequence[C].The 4th IASPEI/IAEE International Symposium:Effects of Surface Geology on Seismic Motion,Santa Barbara,California,2011:23-26.
[6]Field E,Johnson P A,Beresnev I A,et al.Nonlinear ground-motion amplification by sediments during the 1994 Northridge earthquake[J].Letters to Nature,1997,390:599-602.
[7]Noguchi S and Sasatani T.Quantification of degree of nonlinear site response[C].The14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Beijing,China,2008.
[8]温瑞智,任叶飞,黄旭涛,等.芦山7.0级地震强震动记录及其震害相关性[J].地震工程与工程振动,2013,33(4):1-14.WEN Ruizhi,REN Yefei,HUANG Xutao,et al.Strong motion records and their engineering damage implications for Lushan Earthquake on April20,2013[J].Journal of Earthquake and Engineering Vibration,2013,33(4):1-14.(in Chinese)
[9]GB50011-2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版,2010.GB50011-2010 Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:Building Industry Press of China,2010.(in Chinese).
[10]Wen K L,Chang T M,Lin C M,et al.Identification of Nonlinear Site Response Using the H/V Spectral Ratio Method[J].Terrestrial,Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences,2006,17(3):533-546.
[11]Boore D M.Effect of baseline corrections on displacements and response spectra for several recordings of the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2001,91(5):1199-1211.
[12]Boore D M.TSPP-A collection of FORTRAN programs for processing and manipulating time series[R].U.S.Geological Survey Open-File Report2008-1111,2010 Revision 2.1.
[13]Zhao J X,Irikura K,Zhang J,et al.An empirical site-classification method for strong-motion stations in Japan using H/V response ratio[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2006,96(3):914-925.
[14]Alessandro C D,Bonilla F L,Boore D M,et al.Predominant-Period Site Classification for Response Spectra Prediction Equations in Italy[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2012,102(2):680-695.
[15]Regnier J,Cadet H,Bonilla L F et al.Assessing nonlinear behavior of soils in Seismic Site Response:Statistic Analysis on Ki K-net Strong-motion data[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America.2013,103(3):1750-1770.
[16]温瑞智,任叶飞,齐文浩,等.2013年4月20日芦山地震最大加速度记录分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2013,48(5):783-791.WEN Ruizhi,REN Yefei,QI Wenhao,et al.Maximum acceleration recording from Lushan earthquake on April 20,2013[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2013,48(5):783-791.(in Chinese)
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