台湾西部滨海平原地震面波的长周期反应谱及其与规范谱的比较研究
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摘要
台湾九二一集集地震对台北盆地及滨海平原的高层建筑造成了严重破坏。强震记录显示,该地震及其强余震在台湾西部滨海平原、宜兰平原以及台北盆地产生了明显的后续面波现象,在西部滨海平原现象最明显。这种后续面波周期长(1~7 s左右)、振幅大、持续时间长,具有典型的瑞雷波特征,在速度和位移分量下,占据整个时程的主要部分。滨海平原内台站记录的反应谱比平原外台站宽很多,其放大系数谱在周期1~7 s之间的值明显高于抗震设计规范谱值。台湾耐震设防规范在台北盆地进行了特殊规定,规范谱值和实际记录谱值较为一致。而滨海平原对长周期反应谱的影响比台北盆地更明显,台湾抗震设计规范谱的长周期段对该类沉积平原地区的考虑未够。我国也有许多类似的深厚沉积平原如华北平原,高层建筑物的抗震设计规范谱是否满足要求应引起重视。
The 921 Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake inflicted severe damage to high-rise buildings on Taipei Basin and western coastal plain( WCP). According to the strong motion records,plenty of surface waves generated on WCP,Yilan Plain and Taipei Basin during the main shock and several large aftershocks; this phenomenon is most apparent on the WCP. Long-period velocity and displacement waves( about 1 ~ 7 s) with high amplitude and long duration occupy the main part of the whole waveforms,and have typical characteristics of Rayleigh waves. The response spectrums of the records from WCP are much broader than that from area outside the plain; the amplification coefficient spectrums are obviously higher than that of seismic design codes during period from 1 to 7 s. Special seismic design for Taipei Basin had been implemented and the amplification coefficient spectrums of real records fit well with the seismic design codes,but long-period amplification effect on the WCP is much more significant than that on Taipei Basin; the long-period part of the seismic design codes of Taiwan still exist shortage on this sedimentary plain. There are also many similar deep sedimentary plains like North China plain in our country; we should pay much more attention to the efficiency of the building seismic design codes for high-rise buildings.
The 921 Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake inflicted severe damage to high-rise buildings on Taipei Basin and western coastal plain( WCP). According to the strong motion records,plenty of surface waves generated on WCP,Yilan Plain and Taipei Basin during the main shock and several large aftershocks; this phenomenon is most apparent on the WCP. Long-period velocity and displacement waves( about 1 ~ 7 s) with high amplitude and long duration occupy the main part of the whole waveforms,and have typical characteristics of Rayleigh waves. The response spectrums of the records from WCP are much broader than that from area outside the plain; the amplification coefficient spectrums are obviously higher than that of seismic design codes during period from 1 to 7 s. Special seismic design for Taipei Basin had been implemented and the amplification coefficient spectrums of real records fit well with the seismic design codes,but long-period amplification effect on the WCP is much more significant than that on Taipei Basin; the long-period part of the seismic design codes of Taiwan still exist shortage on this sedimentary plain. There are also many similar deep sedimentary plains like North China plain in our country; we should pay much more attention to the efficiency of the building seismic design codes for high-rise buildings.
引文
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[12]GB 50011-2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京,中国建筑工业出版社,2010.GB 50011-2010 Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing,China Architecture and Building Press,2010.(in Chinese)
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[14]Lee W H K,Shin T C,Kuo K W et al.CWB free-field strong-motion data from the 21 September Chi-Chi.Taiwan,earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2001,91(5):1370-1376.
[15]Wang G Q,Tang G Q,Boore D M et al.Surface waves in the western Taiwan coastal plain from an aftershock of the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2006,96(3):821-845.
[16]Boore D M.Effect of baseline correction on displacement and response spectra for several recordings of the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2001,91:1199-1211.
[17]Shin T C,Kuo K W,Lee W H K et al.A preliminary report on the 1999 Chi-Chi(Taiwan)earthquake[J].Seismological Research Letters,2000,70(1):24-30.
[18]Lee J C,Chu H T,Angelier J et al.Geometry and structure of northern surface ruptures of the 1999 Mw=7.6 Chi-Chi Taiwan earthquake:influence from inherited fold belt structures[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2002,24:173-192.
[19]肖亮.水平向基岩强地面运动参数衰减关系研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2011.XIAO L.Study on the attenuation relationships of horizontal ground motion parameters near the source of rock site[D].Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2011.(in Chinese)
[2]Boore D M.Comparison of ground motions from the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake with empirical predictions largely based on data from California[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2001,91:1212-1217.
[3]Lee S J,Chen H W,Ma K F.Strong ground motion simulation of the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake from a realistic three-dimensional source and crustal structure[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2007,112:B06307.
[4]Aki K.Seismic displacements near a fault[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1968,73:5359-5376.
[5]Koketsu K,Miyake H.A seismological overview of long-period ground motion[J].Journal of Seismology,2008,12:133-143.
[6]Frankel A D,Hough S,Friberg P et al.Observations of Loma Prieta aftershocks from a dense seismic array in Sunnyvale,California[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1991,81:1900-1922.
[7]Shapiro N M,Campillo M,Paul A et al.Surface-wave propagation across the Mexican Volcanic Belt and the origin of the long-period seismic-wave amplification in the Valley of Mexico[J].Geophysical Journal International,1997,128:151-166.
[8]Hatayama K,Kanno T,Kudo K.Control factors of spatial variation of long-period strong ground motions in the Yufutsu sedimentary basin,Hokkaido,during the Mw 8.0 2003 Tokachi-oki,Japan,earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2007,97(4):1308-1323.
[9]Hatayama K,Kalkan E.Long-period(3 to 16 s)Ground motions in and around the Los Angeles basin during the Mw 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake of April 4,2010[C].Presented at 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,2012.
[10]Kawase H,Aki K.A study on the response of a soft basin for incident S,P,and Rayleigh waves with special reference to the long duration observed in Mexico City[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1989,79(5):1361-1382.
[11]台湾建筑物耐震设计规范[S].台北,2005.Seismic design specifications for buildings[S].Taipei,2005.(in Chinese)
[12]GB 50011-2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京,中国建筑工业出版社,2010.GB 50011-2010 Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing,China Architecture and Building Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[13]Shin T C,Teng T L.An overview of the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2001,91(5):895-913.
[14]Lee W H K,Shin T C,Kuo K W et al.CWB free-field strong-motion data from the 21 September Chi-Chi.Taiwan,earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2001,91(5):1370-1376.
[15]Wang G Q,Tang G Q,Boore D M et al.Surface waves in the western Taiwan coastal plain from an aftershock of the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2006,96(3):821-845.
[16]Boore D M.Effect of baseline correction on displacement and response spectra for several recordings of the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2001,91:1199-1211.
[17]Shin T C,Kuo K W,Lee W H K et al.A preliminary report on the 1999 Chi-Chi(Taiwan)earthquake[J].Seismological Research Letters,2000,70(1):24-30.
[18]Lee J C,Chu H T,Angelier J et al.Geometry and structure of northern surface ruptures of the 1999 Mw=7.6 Chi-Chi Taiwan earthquake:influence from inherited fold belt structures[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2002,24:173-192.
[19]肖亮.水平向基岩强地面运动参数衰减关系研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2011.XIAO L.Study on the attenuation relationships of horizontal ground motion parameters near the source of rock site[D].Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2011.(in Chinese)
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