从2013年的几次地震看农村建筑抗震中存在的几个问题
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摘要
2013年4月20日,四川芦山县发生Ms7.0级,7月22日甘肃岷县漳县发生Ms6.6级,10月31日,11月23吉林松原前郭尔罗斯蒙古族自治县(简称前郭县)分别发生Ms5.5和Ms5.8级地震。笔者有幸在震后第一时间参加到三地地震现场地震应急,深入到地震灾区,进行地震现场建筑物震害调查和灾害评估工作。几次地震震中分别位于我国西南地区、西北地区和东北地区,这些地区的农村建筑既具有一些共性,也有一定的地域特性。笔者从实际震害调查中,总结了我国农村建筑抗震中存在的几个问题,为城镇化建设中如何提高农村建筑的抗震性能提供一些参考。
China mainland suffered several earthquakes which were Lushan earthquake( on April 20,Ms7. 0),Minxian earthquake( on July 22,Ms6. 6) and Songyuan earthquake( on October 31 and November 22,Ms5. 5 and Ms5. 8) in 2013. The authors had taken part in the earthquakes emergency for seismic site building damage investigation and hazard assessment in the first time after earthquakes. Several earthquake epicenters were located in Southwest,northwest and northeast of China. The rural buildings not only have some similarities but also have some different regional characteristics in those areas from the viewpoint of anti-seismic. Several issues of rural buildings anti-seismic were summarized on the basis of seismic damage investigations in the paper. It is helpful to improve the anti-seismic performance of rural buildings in the urbanization.
China mainland suffered several earthquakes which were Lushan earthquake( on April 20,Ms7. 0),Minxian earthquake( on July 22,Ms6. 6) and Songyuan earthquake( on October 31 and November 22,Ms5. 5 and Ms5. 8) in 2013. The authors had taken part in the earthquakes emergency for seismic site building damage investigation and hazard assessment in the first time after earthquakes. Several earthquake epicenters were located in Southwest,northwest and northeast of China. The rural buildings not only have some similarities but also have some different regional characteristics in those areas from the viewpoint of anti-seismic. Several issues of rural buildings anti-seismic were summarized on the basis of seismic damage investigations in the paper. It is helpful to improve the anti-seismic performance of rural buildings in the urbanization.
引文
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[3]王涛,张永群,金波,孔子昂,雷远德.芦山7.0级强烈地震砖混民居震害调查与分析[J].地震工程和工程振动,2013,33(3):9-19.WANG Tao,ZHANG Yongqun,JIN Bo,KONG Ziang,LEI Yuande.Seismic damage to masonry residential buildings in Lushan Ms7.0 eathquake[J].Journal of Earthquake and Engineering Vibration,2013,33(3):9-19(in Chinese)
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[2]郭宁.南北地震带具有区域特殊性的典型房屋建筑抗震性能分析,中国地震局[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2012.GUO Ning.The seismic capability analysis of typical building with regional and characteristics in North-south Seismic Belt[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2012.(in Chinese)
[3]王涛,张永群,金波,孔子昂,雷远德.芦山7.0级强烈地震砖混民居震害调查与分析[J].地震工程和工程振动,2013,33(3):9-19.WANG Tao,ZHANG Yongqun,JIN Bo,KONG Ziang,LEI Yuande.Seismic damage to masonry residential buildings in Lushan Ms7.0 eathquake[J].Journal of Earthquake and Engineering Vibration,2013,33(3):9-19(in Chinese)
[4]GB/T 24335-2009建(构)筑物地震破坏等级划分[S].北京:中国·标准出版社,2009.GB/T 17742-2008 Classification of Earthquake Damage to Buildings and Special Structures[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2009.(in Chinese)
[5]GB50023-2009建筑抗震鉴定标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.GB50023-2009 Standard for Seismic Appraisal of Buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[6]中国地震局.四川芦山”4.20”7.0级强烈地震烈度图[EB/OL].http://www.cea.gov.CEA.Earthquake intensity of Ms7.0‘4.20’Lushan earthquake in Sichuan[EB/OL].http://www.cea.gov.(in Chinese)
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