高速列车引起的地震动及其对地震信息检测的影响分析
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摘要
我国高速铁路迅速发展,高速铁路地震监测系统建设同步进行。但是,由于客观条件的限制,铁路沿线地震监测点距离线路较近,高速运行的列车产生的震动经高架桥或路堤传至地震监测点,对地震信息检测形成一定干扰。通过对哈大客运专线四个地震监测点附近的测试发现,列车运行引起的地震动幅值较大但随距离衰减很快,在短短100 m之内PGA就从1 ms-2左右衰减至0.01 ms-2以下。以浑南地震监测点获得的强震加速度记录为例,分析了列车运行引起的地震动对报警阈值检测和P波到时拾取的干扰,发现此干扰在地震信息检测中必须加以考虑,低通滤波可以减小对报警阈值检测的干扰,积分成速度时程之后再进行P波到时拾取则更加可靠。
The seismic monitoring systems for high-speed railways were constructed simultaneously with high-speed railways itself. But the information detection of earthquakes was interfered with ground motions which were induced by high-speed trains transmitting through viaducts or embankments,for the seismic monitoring points were close to the railways because of practical restrictions. The observation at four seismic monitoring points of Harbin-Dalian passenger dedicated line indicated that the ground motions induced by high-speed trains were with larger amplitude but attenuated fast with distances,as the PGA attenuated from 1 ms- 2to 0. 01 ms- 2in only 100 meters. Taking the acceleration record at Hunnan seismic monitoring point as an example,the analysis of interference on seismic alarm threshold and P phase picking showed that the ground motions induced by high-speed trains were non-negligible in seismic information detection. Meanwhile,high-cut filtering with an appropriate cutoff frequency could reduce this interference,and a more reliable picking of P phase onset time could be achieved by integrals of acceleration record.
The seismic monitoring systems for high-speed railways were constructed simultaneously with high-speed railways itself. But the information detection of earthquakes was interfered with ground motions which were induced by high-speed trains transmitting through viaducts or embankments,for the seismic monitoring points were close to the railways because of practical restrictions. The observation at four seismic monitoring points of Harbin-Dalian passenger dedicated line indicated that the ground motions induced by high-speed trains were with larger amplitude but attenuated fast with distances,as the PGA attenuated from 1 ms- 2to 0. 01 ms- 2in only 100 meters. Taking the acceleration record at Hunnan seismic monitoring point as an example,the analysis of interference on seismic alarm threshold and P phase picking showed that the ground motions induced by high-speed trains were non-negligible in seismic information detection. Meanwhile,high-cut filtering with an appropriate cutoff frequency could reduce this interference,and a more reliable picking of P phase onset time could be achieved by integrals of acceleration record.
引文
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[3]宋晋东,李山有,马强.日本新干线地震监测与预警系统[J].世界地震工程,2012,28(4):1-10.SONG Jingdong,LIShanyou,MA Qiang.Overview on earthquake monitoring and early warning system for high-speed Railway(Shinkansen)in Japan World Earthquake Engineering,2012,28(4):1-10.(in Chinese)
[4]孙利,钟红,林皋.高速铁路地震预警系统现状综述[J].世界地震工程,2011,27(3):89-96.SUN Li,ZHONG Hong,LIN Gao.An overview of earthquake early warning systems for high speed railways and its application to Beijing-Shanghai high speed railway[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2011,27(3):89-96.(in Chinese)
[5]卢瑞珊,宋麒林,王富章,等.铁路地震灾害预警与应急系统现状及展望[J].铁路计算机应用,2010,19(7):17-20.LU Ruishan,SONG Qilin,WANG Fuzhang,et al.Existing status and future prospects of railway earthquake precaution and emergency system[J].Railway Computer Application,2010,19(7):17-20.(in Chinese)
[6]王彤.高速铁路防灾安全监控系统研究与开发[J].中国铁路,2009,566(8):25-28.Wang Tong.Research and Development of Disaster and Safety Monitoring System for High Speed Railways[J].Chinese Railways,2009,566(8):25-28.(in Chinese)
[7]孙汉武,王澜,戴贤春,等.高速铁路地震紧急自动处置系统的研究[J].中国铁道科学,2007,28(5):121-127.SUN Hanwu,WANG Lan,DAI Xianchun,et al.Study on the Earthquake Urgent Automatic Alarm System of High-Speed Railway[J].China Railway Science,2007,28(5):121-127.(in Chinese)
[8]王瑞,雷震,李娴.高速铁路列车噪声监测[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2013,34(5/6):322-327.WANG Rui,LEI Zhen,LI Xian.High-speed trains’noise monitoring technology[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,2013,34(5/6):322-327.(in Chinese)
[9]王瑞,史天运,王彤.铁路地震监测技术研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2012,12(S1):136-140.WANG Rui,SHI Tianyun,WANG Tong.Railways Earthquake Monitoring Technology.[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology.2012,12(S1):136-140.(in Chinese)
[10]张红才,金星,李军,等.地震预警定位方法研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2011,31(3):168-176.ZHANG Hongcai,JIN Xing,LI Jun,et al.Research on earthquake early warning location methods[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2011,31(3):168-176.(in Chinese)
[11]金星,张红才,李军,等.地震预警震级确定方法研究[J].地震学报,2012,31(3):593-610.JIN Xing,ZHANG Hongcai,LI Jun,et al.Research on earthquake early warning magnitude estimate[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2012,31(3):593-610.(in Chinese)
[12]马强,金星,李山有,等.用于地震预警的P波震相到时自动拾取[J].地球物理学报,2012,56(7):2313-2321MA Qiang,JIN Xing,LI Shanyou,et al.Automatic P-arrival detection for earthquake early warning[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,56(7):2313-2321.(in Chinese)
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