地震地磁场野外观测同步控制系统研制与应用
|
摘要
针对地震地磁野外观测的需求,开发研制了一种基于无线网络的野外同步观测系统。该系统主要由接口单元、采集控制(CPU)单元、无线单元、传输网络、计算机控制中心等组成。该系统操作简单,实用性强,具有远程唤醒及休眠、校时等服务功能,也可应用到地磁台阵的数据传输与同步工作中。
The application of geomagnetic measurements is mainly focused in two areas.The first is scientific research,national defense,and national economic and social development,such as mineral exploration.The second is to serve earthquake monitoring and prediction.Seismo-geomagnetic field measurements are regularly repeated measurements at several points in the field using a high-precision magnetometer.The purpose behind taking such measurements is to research the temporal change and spatial distribution of the local geomagnetic field before and after earthquakes.In the field,a survey grid or line is used for obtaining geomagnetic observations,the spatial coverage of which is generally not less than 150km×150km for a survey grid and not less than 200 km for a survey line.In addition,the distance between measuring points is usually 5~40km.For the measurement of total local geomagnetic intensity using mobile observations,two survey pegs(main and vice)were installed at field observation points.These observations were synchronized with a station that records the diurnal geomagnetic variation using a specialized instrument installed under the same conditions as for high-precision magnetic measurements.The purpose of this was to reduce or eliminate short-period and diurnal variations(Sq)of the geomagnetic field.After the Xingtai Earthquake(1966),mobile seismo-geomagnetic observations were initiated.Different from global geomagnetic measurements,the observation stations were generally set in earthquake regions or around active faults.Moreover,the repeated period of measurement was relatively short,i.e.,usually four times per year.However,irrespective of the form of measurement,a manual method for synchronizing the observations from the measuring stations in the field with the diurnal stations is necessary.Single independent magnetometers in the field cannot transmit data from the diurnal stations to the scene of the field observations in real time;therefore,the final data processing cannot proceed in a timely manner.Furthermore,data observed in the field and at the diurnal stations cannot be highly synchronized,which greatly affects the precision of the results and the efficiency of the fieldwork.In the current circumstances,the observation results and the report of the seismic regime are generally submitted 1~3days after an earthquake,following which,many more days are required to obtain the observational data and to generate the reports.This is far from adequate for meeting the requirements of observations and field monitoring in the case of an emergency.Therefore,the development of a synchronous control system of seismo-geomagnetic measurement in the field is of great significance.A synchronous observation system with a wireless network was developed according to the requirements of seismo-geomagnetic field observations.The system consisted of an interface unit,data acquisition control unit(CPU),wireless unit,transport network,and computer control terminal.This system is easy to operate,practical,and will in time transfer data measured by the mobile geomagnetic diurnal stations and the field measuring points.The system has service functions such as remote wake-up,hibernating,and time correction.Overall,the system could reduce the field workload of observers,increase the working efficiency of field measurements,and could be used for the transmission of observations from the geomagnetic array.
The application of geomagnetic measurements is mainly focused in two areas.The first is scientific research,national defense,and national economic and social development,such as mineral exploration.The second is to serve earthquake monitoring and prediction.Seismo-geomagnetic field measurements are regularly repeated measurements at several points in the field using a high-precision magnetometer.The purpose behind taking such measurements is to research the temporal change and spatial distribution of the local geomagnetic field before and after earthquakes.In the field,a survey grid or line is used for obtaining geomagnetic observations,the spatial coverage of which is generally not less than 150km×150km for a survey grid and not less than 200 km for a survey line.In addition,the distance between measuring points is usually 5~40km.For the measurement of total local geomagnetic intensity using mobile observations,two survey pegs(main and vice)were installed at field observation points.These observations were synchronized with a station that records the diurnal geomagnetic variation using a specialized instrument installed under the same conditions as for high-precision magnetic measurements.The purpose of this was to reduce or eliminate short-period and diurnal variations(Sq)of the geomagnetic field.After the Xingtai Earthquake(1966),mobile seismo-geomagnetic observations were initiated.Different from global geomagnetic measurements,the observation stations were generally set in earthquake regions or around active faults.Moreover,the repeated period of measurement was relatively short,i.e.,usually four times per year.However,irrespective of the form of measurement,a manual method for synchronizing the observations from the measuring stations in the field with the diurnal stations is necessary.Single independent magnetometers in the field cannot transmit data from the diurnal stations to the scene of the field observations in real time;therefore,the final data processing cannot proceed in a timely manner.Furthermore,data observed in the field and at the diurnal stations cannot be highly synchronized,which greatly affects the precision of the results and the efficiency of the fieldwork.In the current circumstances,the observation results and the report of the seismic regime are generally submitted 1~3days after an earthquake,following which,many more days are required to obtain the observational data and to generate the reports.This is far from adequate for meeting the requirements of observations and field monitoring in the case of an emergency.Therefore,the development of a synchronous control system of seismo-geomagnetic measurement in the field is of great significance.A synchronous observation system with a wireless network was developed according to the requirements of seismo-geomagnetic field observations.The system consisted of an interface unit,data acquisition control unit(CPU),wireless unit,transport network,and computer control terminal.This system is easy to operate,practical,and will in time transfer data measured by the mobile geomagnetic diurnal stations and the field measuring points.The system has service functions such as remote wake-up,hibernating,and time correction.Overall,the system could reduce the field workload of observers,increase the working efficiency of field measurements,and could be used for the transmission of observations from the geomagnetic array.
引文
[1]徐文耀.地磁学[M].北京:地震出版社,2003:63.XU Wen-yao.Geomagnetism[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2003:63.(in Chinese)
[2]国家地震局.地震地磁野外测量规范[M].北京:地震出版社,1986:1-3,12.State Seismological Bureau.The Magnetic Field Measurement Specifications[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1986:1-3,12.(in Chinese)
[3]李智奇.MSP430系列超低功耗单片机原理与系统设计[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2008.LI Zhi-qi.MSP430 Ultra-low Power Consumption Series Single-chip Microcomputer Principle and System Design[M].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Electronic Science and Technology Press,2008.(in Chinese)
[4]孙宏志,王学成,刘一萌,等.基于3G无线传输的测震台站监控设备的研制[J].地震工程学报,2014,36(2):387-392.SUN Hong-zhi,WANG Xue-cheng,LIU Yi-meng,et al.The Design and Realization of a Type of Monitoring Equipment for Seismic Stion Based on 3G Wireless Data Transmission[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2014,36(2):387-392.(in Chinese)
[5]徐爱钧,彭秀华.单片机高级语言C51 Windows环境编程与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001.XU Ai-jun,PENG Xiu-hua.Microcontroller C51Programming Windows Environment and Application in a High-level Language[M].Beijing:Electronic Industry Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[6]许川佩,梁光发,吴玉龙.一种地震预警监测传感器模块的设计及实现[J].地震工程学报,2013,35(3):604-609.XU Chuan-pei,LIANG Guang-fa,WU Yu-long.Design and Realization of a Seismic Monitoring Sensor Module[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2013,35(3):604-609.(in Chinese)
[2]国家地震局.地震地磁野外测量规范[M].北京:地震出版社,1986:1-3,12.State Seismological Bureau.The Magnetic Field Measurement Specifications[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1986:1-3,12.(in Chinese)
[3]李智奇.MSP430系列超低功耗单片机原理与系统设计[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2008.LI Zhi-qi.MSP430 Ultra-low Power Consumption Series Single-chip Microcomputer Principle and System Design[M].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Electronic Science and Technology Press,2008.(in Chinese)
[4]孙宏志,王学成,刘一萌,等.基于3G无线传输的测震台站监控设备的研制[J].地震工程学报,2014,36(2):387-392.SUN Hong-zhi,WANG Xue-cheng,LIU Yi-meng,et al.The Design and Realization of a Type of Monitoring Equipment for Seismic Stion Based on 3G Wireless Data Transmission[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2014,36(2):387-392.(in Chinese)
[5]徐爱钧,彭秀华.单片机高级语言C51 Windows环境编程与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001.XU Ai-jun,PENG Xiu-hua.Microcontroller C51Programming Windows Environment and Application in a High-level Language[M].Beijing:Electronic Industry Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[6]许川佩,梁光发,吴玉龙.一种地震预警监测传感器模块的设计及实现[J].地震工程学报,2013,35(3):604-609.XU Chuan-pei,LIANG Guang-fa,WU Yu-long.Design and Realization of a Seismic Monitoring Sensor Module[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2013,35(3):604-609.(in Chinese)
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心