地震油气检测技术在大港油田浅层气识别中的应用
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摘要
大港油田浅层气是指埋深在400～1 500m之间的气层,生产中存在气层规模小、气层能量不足、难以识别等问题。应用地震油气检测技术较好地解决了以上难题,取得了良好的效果,主要包括:应用以弹性介质模型为基础的叠前检测技术,采用AVO方法建立正演模型,对大港地区三维地震资料进行处理,根据AVO异常相应特征进行含气预测,指示出具有较好含气特征的砂岩分布区;应用以黏弹性介质模型为基础的能量吸收分析技术,对极浅层开展了浅层气检测与横向预测,气层亮点特征明显,预测出2个潜在的含气区;应用地震属性气层预测方法,发现平均能量属性对研究区内气层反映较为敏感,由此确定出研究区的气层平面展布规律。通过地震信息储层含气性预测技术的应用,预计新增浅层气储量为(50～60)×108 m3,筛选出目标区块10个,已被作为大港油田下一步产能建设的首选目标。
Dagang Oilfield shallow gas reservoir is referred to those with burial depth lower than 400-1500m.Problems exist such as small scale,insufficient gas reservoir energy,and difficult to to be detected.Seismic hydrocarbon detection technology can solve the above problems and achieved good results.Using the pre-stack detection technology which is based on elastic medium model,adopting AVO method to build the forward model,the 3-D seismic data from Dagang District are processed.Gas-bearing prediction has been done according to the AVO anomaliesand it demonstrates the distribution of sandstone with good gas-bearing propert.With the energy absorption analysis technology which is based on the viscoelastic medium model.Shallow gas detection and lateral prediction of very shallow strata have been carried out.The gas highlight characteristics are remarkable.Two potential gas-bearing areas are predicted.With the prediction of seismic attribute gas layer,it is found that the average energy attribute is sensitive to the reaction of gas layer in the study area,and thus determined the plannar distribution of gas reservoirs in the study area.Via the application of the earthquake information reservoir gas-bearing prediction technology,it is expected that there will be 5-6 billion cubic meters of newly added shallow gas reserves.10 target blocks have been screened out and used as a preferred target for future production capacity construction.
Dagang Oilfield shallow gas reservoir is referred to those with burial depth lower than 400-1500m.Problems exist such as small scale,insufficient gas reservoir energy,and difficult to to be detected.Seismic hydrocarbon detection technology can solve the above problems and achieved good results.Using the pre-stack detection technology which is based on elastic medium model,adopting AVO method to build the forward model,the 3-D seismic data from Dagang District are processed.Gas-bearing prediction has been done according to the AVO anomaliesand it demonstrates the distribution of sandstone with good gas-bearing propert.With the energy absorption analysis technology which is based on the viscoelastic medium model.Shallow gas detection and lateral prediction of very shallow strata have been carried out.The gas highlight characteristics are remarkable.Two potential gas-bearing areas are predicted.With the prediction of seismic attribute gas layer,it is found that the average energy attribute is sensitive to the reaction of gas layer in the study area,and thus determined the plannar distribution of gas reservoirs in the study area.Via the application of the earthquake information reservoir gas-bearing prediction technology,it is expected that there will be 5-6 billion cubic meters of newly added shallow gas reserves.10 target blocks have been screened out and used as a preferred target for future production capacity construction.
引文
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[13]Li Shuen,Zhang Yanzhang,Wen Yanjun,et al.Beidagangstructure of shallow seismic bright spot and natural gas explo-ration[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2003,14(4):291-294.[李淑恩,张延章,温艳军,等.北大港构造浅层地震亮点与天然气勘探[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(4):291-294.]
[14]Yin Chen,He Zhenhua,Huang Deji.Research and applicationof the theory of seismic wave attenuation based on wave equa-tion[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Natu-ral Science,2008,35(3):263-267.[尹陈,贺振华,黄德济.基于波动方程的地震波衰减理论研究与应用[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2008,35(3):263-267.]
[15]Huang Kai,Xu Qunzhou,Yang Xiaohai,et al.Attenuation ofseismic wave energy and its influencing factors[J].XinjiangPetroleum Geology,1997,18(3):212-216.[黄凯,徐群洲,杨晓海,等.地震波能量的衰减及其影响因素[J].新疆石油地质,1997,18(3):212-216.]
[2]Zhang Furong,Chen Shaojun,Zhang Hongxiu,et al.Develop-ment area west port of shallow layer gas identification anddistribution[J].Mud Logging Engineering,2005,(6):53-57.[张芙蓉,陈绍军,张洪秀,等.港西开发区浅层气的识别及分布研究[J].录井工程,2005,(6):53-57.]
[3]Zhou Changxiang.Reflection characteristics and interpretationof reservoir[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1988,23(5):609-615.[周长祥.气层的反射特征及解释[J].石油地球物理勘探,1988,23(5):609-615.]
[4]Zhang Shulin.Reflection characteristics and explain theYinggehai Basin reservoir seismic reflection layer[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,1988,23(5):609-615.[张树林.莺歌海盆地气层反射地震气层的反射特征及解释[J].石油地球物理勘探,1988,23(5):609-615.]
[5]Zhu Hongjun,Hu Xiaoqiang,Chen Xinjun,et al.Applicationof technology of bright spot gas detection technology[J].Off-shore Oil,2002,(3):27-32.[朱红涛,胡小强,陈新军.亮点技术气检测技术应用初探[J].海洋石油,2002,(3):27-32.]
[6]Dong Qingquan,Liu Xiaoping,Li Hongxiang,et al.Formationconditions of shaleoilreservoir in the second member of Kong-dian Formation in southern Kongdian area,Huanghua De-pression[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(1):188-198.[董清源,刘小平,李洪香,等.黄骅坳陷孔南地区孔二段页岩油藏形成条件分析[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(1):188-198.]
[7]Zhang Niannian,Ma Wei,Yang Xuewu,et al.The gas reser-voir prediction with prestack seismic[J].Inner Mongolia Pet-rochemical Industry,2009,(8):146-147.[张年念,马伟,杨学武等.叠前地震预测储层的含气性[J].内蒙古石油化工,2009,(8):146-147.]
[8]Xie Qinghui,Deng Hongwen,Zhen Wenbo,et al.Applicationof extended elastic impedance inversion in deep-sea fan gasreservoir identification[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(1):162-168.[谢清惠,邓宏文,郑文波,等.扩展弹性阻抗反演在深海扇含气储层识别中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(1):162-168.]
[9]Zhou Zongliang,Shi Zhanzhong,Xiao Jianling,et al.Applica-tion of Beidagang shallow gas abnormal response characteris-tics of sandstone AVO[J].Journal of Engineering Geophys-ics,2011,8(5):616-621.[周宗良,石占中,肖建玲,等.北大港浅层含气砂岩AVO异常响应特征的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2011,8(5):616-621.]
[10]Shi Xingjue,Xu Guoming,Jin Ping,et al.The laboratorystudy of influence of water saturation on Rock′s velocity andattenuation[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1995,38(sup-plement):281-287.[施行觉,徐果明,靳平,等.岩石的含水饱和度对纵、横波速及衰减影响的试验研究[J].地球物理学报,1995,38(增刊):281-287.]
[11]Li Shengjie.The characteristics of seismic ttenuation of gas-bearing reservoirs[J].Journal of Hunan Institute of Scienceand Technology:Natural Sciences,2012,25(3):48-52.[李生杰.含气地层地震波衰减特征分析[J].湖南理工学院学报:自然科学版,2012,25(3):48-52.]
[12]Zhou Zongliang,Zheng Ping,Xiao Jianling,et al.Characteris-tics of shallow natural gas identification and distribution ofnorth port area of Huanghua Depression[J].Natural Gas Ge-oscience,2010,21(4):535-540.[周宗良,郑平,肖建玲,等.黄骅凹陷北大港地区浅层天然气识别与分布特征[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(4):535-540.]
[13]Li Shuen,Zhang Yanzhang,Wen Yanjun,et al.Beidagangstructure of shallow seismic bright spot and natural gas explo-ration[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2003,14(4):291-294.[李淑恩,张延章,温艳军,等.北大港构造浅层地震亮点与天然气勘探[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(4):291-294.]
[14]Yin Chen,He Zhenhua,Huang Deji.Research and applicationof the theory of seismic wave attenuation based on wave equa-tion[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Natu-ral Science,2008,35(3):263-267.[尹陈,贺振华,黄德济.基于波动方程的地震波衰减理论研究与应用[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2008,35(3):263-267.]
[15]Huang Kai,Xu Qunzhou,Yang Xiaohai,et al.Attenuation ofseismic wave energy and its influencing factors[J].XinjiangPetroleum Geology,1997,18(3):212-216.[黄凯,徐群洲,杨晓海,等.地震波能量的衰减及其影响因素[J].新疆石油地质,1997,18(3):212-216.]
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