汶川8.0级地震对鄂尔多斯块体西南缘断裂体系影响的数值模拟
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摘要
利用有限元方法及静态位移解理论,采用前人反演的汶川8.0级地震破裂过程时空参数,定量计算分析汶川地震对鄂尔多斯块体西南缘断裂体系的影响。数值计算表明,具逆冲右旋性质的汶川地震,在汶川—宝鸡一线以东产生顺时针的位移扰动场,以西产生逆时针的位移扰动场,这与该分界两侧附近的活断层整体走滑方向相一致。水平剪切应力场的局部极值区与震后的鄂尔多斯块体西南边界附近的断裂体系小震活动有对应性。震后数值模拟还表明汶川地震使得海原断裂带、香山—天景山断裂带的地震活动性明显增强。剪应力增强和地震暂缺的矛盾解释区也许是未来前兆观测更要密切关注的地区。
Based on inversed parameters of Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake,using the FEM and Static Displacement Analytical Solution Theory,this paper analyzes the influence of the great earthquake on faults in southwestern margin of Ordos block.The numerical result shows that the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake,which is the type of thrust with right-lateral component,leads to clockwise disturbance displacement field to the east of the line of Wenchuan-Baoji and anticlockwise disturbance displacement field to the west,which is consist with slide direction of the active faults near the line.The distribution of horizontal shear stress extreme values is consisted with seismicity in the fault zones to the southwest of Ordos block during the year after the great earthquake.The numerical result also indicates that the Wenchuan earthquake may enhance the seismicity in the Haiyuan and Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault zones.The region with higher shear stress value and lower seismicity may be the area that we should pay close attention to in the future.
Based on inversed parameters of Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake,using the FEM and Static Displacement Analytical Solution Theory,this paper analyzes the influence of the great earthquake on faults in southwestern margin of Ordos block.The numerical result shows that the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake,which is the type of thrust with right-lateral component,leads to clockwise disturbance displacement field to the east of the line of Wenchuan-Baoji and anticlockwise disturbance displacement field to the west,which is consist with slide direction of the active faults near the line.The distribution of horizontal shear stress extreme values is consisted with seismicity in the fault zones to the southwest of Ordos block during the year after the great earthquake.The numerical result also indicates that the Wenchuan earthquake may enhance the seismicity in the Haiyuan and Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault zones.The region with higher shear stress value and lower seismicity may be the area that we should pay close attention to in the future.
引文
[1]傅征祥,刘桂萍,陈棋福.青藏高原北缘海原、古浪、昌马大地震间相互作用的动力学分析[J].地震地质,2001,23(1):35-42.
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[16]汪素云,T.M.Hearn,许忠淮,等.中国大陆上地幔顶部Pn速度结构[C]//大陆强震机理与预测论文集,2003,(I):287-292.
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[19]任重.ANSYS实用分析教程[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003.
[20]王琪,张培震,马宗晋.中国大陆现今构造变形GPS观测数据与速度场[J].地学前缘,2002,9(2):415-429.
[21]Toda,S.and Stein,R.S.Did stress triggering cause the large off-fault aftershocks of the 25 March 1998Mw=8.1 Antarctic plateearthquake[J].Geophys Res lett,2000,27:2301-2304.
[22]徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.汶川Ms8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,2008,(3):23-55.
[23]国家汶川地震专家委员会.汶川地震灾区地震地质灾害图集[M].北京:中国地图出版社,2008.
[24]范俊喜.鄂尔多斯地块运动特征研究[D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所,2002.
[25]石耀霖,曹建玲.库仑应力计算及应用过程中若干问题的讨论——以汶川地震为例[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(1):102-110.
[26]王薇,王连捷,乔子江,等.三维地应力场的有限元模拟及其在隧道设计中的应用[J].地球科学,2004,25(5):587-591.
[2]韩竹军,董绍鹏,谢富仁,等.南北地震带北部5次(1561~1920年)M≥7级地震触发关系研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(6):1776-1784.
[3]Harris,R.A.stress triggers,stress shadows andi mplications[J].Geophys Res,1998,103(B10):24347-24358.
[4]Hill,D.P.,Reasenberg,P.A.,Michael,A.,et al.Seismicity remotely triggered by the magnitude 7.3 Landers,California,Earth-quake method[J].Science,1993,260:1617-1623.
[5]Anderson,J.G.,Brune,J.N.,Louie,J.N.,et al.Seismicityin the Western Great basin apparently triggered by the Landers,Cali-fornia,earthquake,28 June 1992[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,1994,84:863-891.
[6]Bodin,P.and Gomberg,J.Triggered seismicity and deformation between the Landers,California,and Little Skull mountain,Nevada,internation[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,1994,84:835-843.
[7]王卫民,赵连峰,李娟,等.四川汶川8.0级地震震源过程[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1403-1410.
[8]国家地震局兰州地震研究所,宁夏回族自治区地震队.一九二○年海原大地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1980.
[9]Okada,Y.Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half space[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,1985,75:1135-1154.
[10]许金泉.界面力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[11]Rongjiang,Wang,et al.Computation of deformation induced by earthquakes in a multi-layered elastic crust—FORTRAN programsEDGRN/EDCMP[J].Computers&Geosciences,2003,29:195-207.
[12]屈春燕.最新1/400万中国活动构造空间数据库的建立[J].地震地质,2008,30(1):298-304.
[13]王仁,何国琦,殷有泉,等.华北地区地震迁移规律的数学模拟[J].地震学报,1980,2(1):32-42.
[14]王仁,孙荀英,蔡永恩.华北地区近700年地震序列的数学模拟[J].中国科学,1982,(8):745-754.
[15]张国民,汪素云,李丽,等.中国大陆地震震源深度及其构造意义[J].科学通报,2002,47(9):663-668.
[16]汪素云,T.M.Hearn,许忠淮,等.中国大陆上地幔顶部Pn速度结构[C]//大陆强震机理与预测论文集,2003,(I):287-292.
[17]李松林,张先康,任青芳,等.西吉—中卫地震测深剖面及其解释[J].地震地质,2001,23(1):86-92.
[18]张勇,冯万鹏,许力生,等.2008年汶川大地震的时空破裂过程[J].中国科学,2008,38(10):1186-1194.
[19]任重.ANSYS实用分析教程[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003.
[20]王琪,张培震,马宗晋.中国大陆现今构造变形GPS观测数据与速度场[J].地学前缘,2002,9(2):415-429.
[21]Toda,S.and Stein,R.S.Did stress triggering cause the large off-fault aftershocks of the 25 March 1998Mw=8.1 Antarctic plateearthquake[J].Geophys Res lett,2000,27:2301-2304.
[22]徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.汶川Ms8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,2008,(3):23-55.
[23]国家汶川地震专家委员会.汶川地震灾区地震地质灾害图集[M].北京:中国地图出版社,2008.
[24]范俊喜.鄂尔多斯地块运动特征研究[D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所,2002.
[25]石耀霖,曹建玲.库仑应力计算及应用过程中若干问题的讨论——以汶川地震为例[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(1):102-110.
[26]王薇,王连捷,乔子江,等.三维地应力场的有限元模拟及其在隧道设计中的应用[J].地球科学,2004,25(5):587-591.
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