高烈度地震区岩土体边坡崩塌动力学特性研究
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摘要
"5·12"汶川特大地震引发的次生山地灾害中以山体崩塌数量最多。本文在对国道213线都江堰至映秀段以及水磨支线公路边坡地震崩塌调查研究的基础上,分析总结了岩土体边坡的崩塌成灾模式、崩塌作用机理以及崩塌自组织临界(SOC)动力学特性。调查范围包括Ⅸ～Ⅺ度地震区,工点105个。对崩塌体方量、崩塌深度进行统计分析后发现,在Ⅸ度区崩塌体方量和崩塌深度都符合负幂律分布,呈现出明显的自组织临界动力学特性;而Ⅹ、Ⅺ度地震区不呈现该崩塌特性,其崩塌动力学性质受地震的强扰作用控制。
Among the secondary mountain disasters triggered by the "5·12" Wenchuan great earthquake,most were collapses of rock and soil slope.Based on the field investigation along State Road G213 from Dujiangyan to Yingxiu and its Shuimo branch road,the collapse disaster mode,failure mechanism and self-organized criticality(SOC) dynamical characteristics of rock and soil slope are analyzed and summarized in detail.The investigation area covers Ⅸ,Ⅹ,Ⅺ seismic intensity zones,and collapse site numbers are 105.By statistical analyzing the volume and depth of the collapses,it is found that in Ⅸ zone volumes and depths of collapses obey negative power law distribution,display self-organized criticality(SOC) dynamical characteristics,but in Ⅹ,Ⅺ zones the collapse dynamical characteristics does not show self-organized criticality,it is controlled by earthquake intensity.
Among the secondary mountain disasters triggered by the "5·12" Wenchuan great earthquake,most were collapses of rock and soil slope.Based on the field investigation along State Road G213 from Dujiangyan to Yingxiu and its Shuimo branch road,the collapse disaster mode,failure mechanism and self-organized criticality(SOC) dynamical characteristics of rock and soil slope are analyzed and summarized in detail.The investigation area covers Ⅸ,Ⅹ,Ⅺ seismic intensity zones,and collapse site numbers are 105.By statistical analyzing the volume and depth of the collapses,it is found that in Ⅸ zone volumes and depths of collapses obey negative power law distribution,display self-organized criticality(SOC) dynamical characteristics,but in Ⅹ,Ⅺ zones the collapse dynamical characteristics does not show self-organized criticality,it is controlled by earthquake intensity.
引文
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[2]胡广韬,毛彦龙,程谦恭,等.地震时滑坡体波动震荡的启程加速动力学问题[R].西安:西安工程学院,1997.
[3]周维垣.高等岩石力学[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1990.
[4]张倬元,王士天,王兰生.工程地质分析原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1993.
[5]胡光韬.滑坡动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.
[6]毛彦龙,胡广韬,毛新虎,等.地震滑坡启程剧动的机理研究及离散元模拟[J].工程地质报,2001,9(1):74-80.
[7]祁生文,伍法权,刘春玲,等.地震边坡稳定性的工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2792-2796.
[8]杜晓丽.地震荷载作用下岩质边坡稳定性研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2008.
[9]辛鸿博,王余庆.岩土边坡地震崩滑及其初判准则[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(5):591-594.
[10]鲍叶静,高孟潭.地震诱发崩塌滑坡危险区初步预测[J].中国地震,2004,20(1):89-94.
[11]Per Bak,Chao Tang,Kurt Wiesenfeld.Self-organized Criti-cality[J].Physical Review A,1988,1(1):364-374.
[12]於崇文.地质系统的复杂性[M].北京:地质出版社,2003.
[13]Yao Lingkan,Huang Yuan,Lu Yang.Self-organized criti-cality and its application in the slope disasters under gravity[J].Science in China/Ser.E Technological Sciences,2003,46(Supp):20-30.
[14]Yao Lingkan,Qi Ying.Fractal characteristics of gravitylandform and its SOC mechanism[J].Wuhan UniversityJournal of Natural Science,2007,12(4):577-768.
[15]姚令侃,方铎.非均匀沙自组织临界性及其应用研究[J].水利学报,1997,(3):26-32.
[16]杨庆华,姚令侃,齐颖.散粒体离心模型自组织临界性及地震效应分析[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(11):1630-1635.
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