安徽寿县新元古界球-枕状构造的双重成因与古地震脉动旋回研究
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摘要
在安徽寿县新元古界四十里长山组下部粉砂-细砂岩沉积地层中,发育一组具有双重成因的球-枕状软沉积物变形构造。对露头剖面进行实地观测研究显示,变形构造形成于浅海陆棚边缘斜坡带的地震灾变事件层中。由于滑塌砾石落入表层粉砂质软沉积层,在地震震颤应力作用下形成具砾石核心的球-枕状体,又在地震脉动旋回性连续震颤作用下,继续沉陷至下部液化砂层中,形成了具有双重成因的球-枕状软沉积变形构造。它经受了地震、海啸、滑塌、滑褶、震颤晃动沉陷、液化泄水、软塑性紧缩变形等多项复杂的同沉积变形作用过程。显示出该地震事件具有前震阶段、主震阶段、余震阶段等多次震颤脉动旋回性地质作用的地质事件,地震能量强度最大应超过里氏7级,为研究海洋震积岩的软沉积变形及脉动旋回性过程提供了重要的实物资料。
The silt～fine sandstone sediments of lower Neoproterozoic Sishilichangshan Formation in Shouxian County of Anhui Province was found to host a set of ball-pillow shaped soft-sediment deformation structures with double causes.The study of outcrop profiles has shown that the soft-sediment deformation structures formed from earthquake disaster event in shallow slope of the shelf edge.As slump gravels fell into the surface of soft silty sediments , primary ball-pillow shaped bodies formed due to tremor shaking stress of earthquake.And then , under the pulsation and cycled earthquake shaking effect , the gravel continued to sink into the bottom of liquefied sand layer , forming the formation of a ball-pillow shaped deformed structure with double caused stress.Our study suggests that the deposition deformation has undergone synsedimentary deformation process , such as earthquake , tsunamis , slump , slide fold , tremors shaking subsidence , liquefaction draining , gravels screen directional aligned , and the soft plastic tighten deformation , etc.It is also revealed that the earthquake is characterized by multiple cycle geological event , which contains a fore-shock stage , the main shock stage and after-shock stage.The intensity of seismic energy should have exceeded the magnitude 7and this provides important information for the study of sediments deformation and the pulsation and cycle process of marine seismite.
The silt～fine sandstone sediments of lower Neoproterozoic Sishilichangshan Formation in Shouxian County of Anhui Province was found to host a set of ball-pillow shaped soft-sediment deformation structures with double causes.The study of outcrop profiles has shown that the soft-sediment deformation structures formed from earthquake disaster event in shallow slope of the shelf edge.As slump gravels fell into the surface of soft silty sediments , primary ball-pillow shaped bodies formed due to tremor shaking stress of earthquake.And then , under the pulsation and cycled earthquake shaking effect , the gravel continued to sink into the bottom of liquefied sand layer , forming the formation of a ball-pillow shaped deformed structure with double caused stress.Our study suggests that the deposition deformation has undergone synsedimentary deformation process , such as earthquake , tsunamis , slump , slide fold , tremors shaking subsidence , liquefaction draining , gravels screen directional aligned , and the soft plastic tighten deformation , etc.It is also revealed that the earthquake is characterized by multiple cycle geological event , which contains a fore-shock stage , the main shock stage and after-shock stage.The intensity of seismic energy should have exceeded the magnitude 7and this provides important information for the study of sediments deformation and the pulsation and cycle process of marine seismite.
引文
杜远生,韩欣.2000a.论震积作用和震积岩.地球科学进展,15(4):389～304.
杜远生,韩欣.2000b.论海啸作用与海啸岩.地球科技情报,19(1):19～22.
杜远生,Shi G,龚一鸣,徐亚军.2007.东澳大利亚南悉尼盆地二叠系与地震沉积有关的软沉积变形构造.地质学报,81(4):511～518.
段吉业,刘鹏举,万传彪.2002.华北燕山中—新元古界震积岩系列及其地震节律.地质学报,76(4):441～445.
冯先岳.1989.地震震动液化变形的研究.内陆地震,3(4):209～307.
洪天求,贾志海,郑文武,李双应.2004.宿州地区震旦系望山组主要沉积类型及其形成环境分析.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),34(1):5～11.
贾志海,洪天求,郑文武,李双应.2003.皖北新元古代望山组震积岩的基本特征及其形成环境分析.地层学杂志,27(2):146～158.
李双应,洪天求,郑文武,贾志海.2003.皖北新元古代刘老碑组滑塌沉积及其地质意义.合肥工业大学学报,26(6):1115～1120.
梁定益,聂泽同,万晓樵.1991.试论震积岩及震积不整合——以川西、滇西地区为例.现代地质,5(2):138～147.
梁定益,聂泽同,宋志敏.1994.再论震积岩及震积不整合——以川西、滇西地区为例.地球科学,19(4):443～453.
梁定益,聂泽同,宋志敏,万晓樵.1997.正在萌芽段的震积地层学.高校地质学报,3(4):458～461.
梁定益,聂泽同,宋志敏,赵崇贺.2009.海相地层中地震遗迹宏观特征与鉴别.自然杂志,32(2):101～105.
李壮福,郭英海.2000.徐州地区震旦系贾园组的风暴沉积.古地理学报,2(2):19～27.
刘颖,谢君裴.1984.砂土震动液化.北京:地震出版社,1～327.
潘国强,刘家润,孔庆友,吴俊奇,张庆龙,曾家湖,刘道忠.2000.徐宿地区震旦纪地质事件及其成因讨论.高校地质学报,6(4):566～575.
彭阳,杨天南,乔秀夫,李典志,王国桢,杨中柱,杨小波.2001.大连上震旦统地震灾变事件研究.地质学报,75(2):221～227.
乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,彭阳,李海兵,高劢,宋彪,张巧大.1994.碳酸盐岩震动液化地震序列.地质学报,68(1):16～33.
乔秀夫,宋天锐,李海兵,高林志.1996.辽东半岛南部震旦系—下寒武统成因地层.北京:科学出版社,31～53.
乔秀夫,李海兵,高林志.1997.华北地台震旦纪—早古生代地震节律.地学前缘,4(3～4):155～160.
乔秀夫,高林志.1999.华北中新元古代及早古生代地震灾变事件及与Rodinia的关系.科学通报,44(16):1753～1758.
乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳,李海兵.2001a.古郯庐带沧浪铺阶地震事件、层序及构造意义.中国科学(D辑),31(11):911～918.
乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳.2001b.古郯庐带新元古界—灾变、层序、生物.北京:地质出版社,4.102～125.
乔秀夫,李海兵.2008.枕、球-枕构造:地层中的古地震记录.地质论评,54(6):721～730.
乔秀夫,李海兵.2009.沉积物的地震及古地震效应.古地理学报,11(6):593～609.
宋天锐.1988.北京十三陵前寒武纪碳酸盐地层中的一套可能的地震海啸序列.科学通报,33(8):609～611.
吴勘.2010.震积岩、海啸岩、震浊积岩研究进展.地质学报,30(2):136～139.
王熙,王明镇.2012.安徽寿县新元古界一个滑塌—滑脱软沉积物变形复合构造的发现及地质初探.地球学报,33(1):49～56.
杨仕维,李建明.2008.震积岩特征综述及地质意义.岩性油气藏,20(1):89～94.
鄢继华,崔永北,陈世悦.2009.几种常见震积岩相标志在模拟实验中的识别.沉积学报,27(6):1131～1137.
袁静.2005.中国震积作用和震积岩研究进展.石油大学学报(自然科学版).29(1):144～149.
袁静,陈鑫,田洪水.2006.济阳坳陷古近纪软沉积变形层中的环状层理及成因.沉积学报,24(5):666～671.
赵卫卫,查明,杨建萍.2006.中国震积岩研究综述.地层学杂志,30(2):171～175.
Roep T B,Events A J.1992.Pillow-beds a new type of seismites?An example from an Oligocene turbididite fan comlpex,AlicanteSpai.Sedimentology,39(5):711～724.
杜远生,韩欣.2000b.论海啸作用与海啸岩.地球科技情报,19(1):19～22.
杜远生,Shi G,龚一鸣,徐亚军.2007.东澳大利亚南悉尼盆地二叠系与地震沉积有关的软沉积变形构造.地质学报,81(4):511～518.
段吉业,刘鹏举,万传彪.2002.华北燕山中—新元古界震积岩系列及其地震节律.地质学报,76(4):441～445.
冯先岳.1989.地震震动液化变形的研究.内陆地震,3(4):209～307.
洪天求,贾志海,郑文武,李双应.2004.宿州地区震旦系望山组主要沉积类型及其形成环境分析.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),34(1):5～11.
贾志海,洪天求,郑文武,李双应.2003.皖北新元古代望山组震积岩的基本特征及其形成环境分析.地层学杂志,27(2):146～158.
李双应,洪天求,郑文武,贾志海.2003.皖北新元古代刘老碑组滑塌沉积及其地质意义.合肥工业大学学报,26(6):1115～1120.
梁定益,聂泽同,万晓樵.1991.试论震积岩及震积不整合——以川西、滇西地区为例.现代地质,5(2):138～147.
梁定益,聂泽同,宋志敏.1994.再论震积岩及震积不整合——以川西、滇西地区为例.地球科学,19(4):443～453.
梁定益,聂泽同,宋志敏,万晓樵.1997.正在萌芽段的震积地层学.高校地质学报,3(4):458～461.
梁定益,聂泽同,宋志敏,赵崇贺.2009.海相地层中地震遗迹宏观特征与鉴别.自然杂志,32(2):101～105.
李壮福,郭英海.2000.徐州地区震旦系贾园组的风暴沉积.古地理学报,2(2):19～27.
刘颖,谢君裴.1984.砂土震动液化.北京:地震出版社,1～327.
潘国强,刘家润,孔庆友,吴俊奇,张庆龙,曾家湖,刘道忠.2000.徐宿地区震旦纪地质事件及其成因讨论.高校地质学报,6(4):566～575.
彭阳,杨天南,乔秀夫,李典志,王国桢,杨中柱,杨小波.2001.大连上震旦统地震灾变事件研究.地质学报,75(2):221～227.
乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,彭阳,李海兵,高劢,宋彪,张巧大.1994.碳酸盐岩震动液化地震序列.地质学报,68(1):16～33.
乔秀夫,宋天锐,李海兵,高林志.1996.辽东半岛南部震旦系—下寒武统成因地层.北京:科学出版社,31～53.
乔秀夫,李海兵,高林志.1997.华北地台震旦纪—早古生代地震节律.地学前缘,4(3～4):155～160.
乔秀夫,高林志.1999.华北中新元古代及早古生代地震灾变事件及与Rodinia的关系.科学通报,44(16):1753～1758.
乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳,李海兵.2001a.古郯庐带沧浪铺阶地震事件、层序及构造意义.中国科学(D辑),31(11):911～918.
乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳.2001b.古郯庐带新元古界—灾变、层序、生物.北京:地质出版社,4.102～125.
乔秀夫,李海兵.2008.枕、球-枕构造:地层中的古地震记录.地质论评,54(6):721～730.
乔秀夫,李海兵.2009.沉积物的地震及古地震效应.古地理学报,11(6):593～609.
宋天锐.1988.北京十三陵前寒武纪碳酸盐地层中的一套可能的地震海啸序列.科学通报,33(8):609～611.
吴勘.2010.震积岩、海啸岩、震浊积岩研究进展.地质学报,30(2):136～139.
王熙,王明镇.2012.安徽寿县新元古界一个滑塌—滑脱软沉积物变形复合构造的发现及地质初探.地球学报,33(1):49～56.
杨仕维,李建明.2008.震积岩特征综述及地质意义.岩性油气藏,20(1):89～94.
鄢继华,崔永北,陈世悦.2009.几种常见震积岩相标志在模拟实验中的识别.沉积学报,27(6):1131～1137.
袁静.2005.中国震积作用和震积岩研究进展.石油大学学报(自然科学版).29(1):144～149.
袁静,陈鑫,田洪水.2006.济阳坳陷古近纪软沉积变形层中的环状层理及成因.沉积学报,24(5):666～671.
赵卫卫,查明,杨建萍.2006.中国震积岩研究综述.地层学杂志,30(2):171～175.
Roep T B,Events A J.1992.Pillow-beds a new type of seismites?An example from an Oligocene turbididite fan comlpex,AlicanteSpai.Sedimentology,39(5):711～724.
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