利用叠前反演技术规避地震振幅异常陷阱
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摘要
珠江口盆地白云深水区的目标区块H构造是发育在上陆坡的断背斜构造。钻探在构造低部位的发现井H1井、H2井钻后分析认为,主要储层sand1为深水重力流水道化砂体,由于水道切割能力有限,构造高部位可能不发育储层,储层受水道控制。为了推动高部位H3井的钻探,结合地震正演与地震波形分析认为,构造高部位地震振幅变弱是由于砂体变厚所致。通过叠前反演对H构造高部位进行烃类检测,认为含气性很高。最后钻探H3井获得了3层超60m的气层,证明H构造的储层受构造与沉积双重控制。H3井钻后分析认为,由于储盖组合的不同,地震振幅异常的强弱与含气性没有线性的关系,综合地震正演、叠前反演可以对构造含气性进行准确的预测,从而规避了地震振幅异常陷阱。
H Structure was a faulted anticline trap on the continental shelf in Baiyun deep water area of Pearl-river Mouth Basin,seismic amplitude abnormity on the lower position was stronger than upper position.Based on the analysis of Well H1 and Well H2 drilled on the lower portion,it was considered that the upper position of the trap no reservoir was developed because the reservoirs belonged to sand of deepwater gravity flow,were controlled by channel.In order to drill Well H3 on the upper position,in combination with seismic forward,seismic wave-form analysis,the analysis shows that the weak seismic amplitude is induced by thick sandbody.The hydrocarbon on the upper position of H Structure was detected through pre-stack inversion,it indicated that it had high gas-bearing property.Three layers of over 60m gas zones were obtained in drilling of Well H3,it showed that the reservoirs in H Structure were controlled by both structure and sediment.The drilling of Well H3 shows that because of different assemblage of reservoirs and cap-rocks,the extent of seismic amplitude abnormity is not in linear with gas-bearing property,the gas-bearing property of the structure can be predicted by using integrated seismic forward and pre-stack inversion to avoid the trap of seismic amplitude abnormity.
H Structure was a faulted anticline trap on the continental shelf in Baiyun deep water area of Pearl-river Mouth Basin,seismic amplitude abnormity on the lower position was stronger than upper position.Based on the analysis of Well H1 and Well H2 drilled on the lower portion,it was considered that the upper position of the trap no reservoir was developed because the reservoirs belonged to sand of deepwater gravity flow,were controlled by channel.In order to drill Well H3 on the upper position,in combination with seismic forward,seismic wave-form analysis,the analysis shows that the weak seismic amplitude is induced by thick sandbody.The hydrocarbon on the upper position of H Structure was detected through pre-stack inversion,it indicated that it had high gas-bearing property.Three layers of over 60m gas zones were obtained in drilling of Well H3,it showed that the reservoirs in H Structure were controlled by both structure and sediment.The drilling of Well H3 shows that because of different assemblage of reservoirs and cap-rocks,the extent of seismic amplitude abnormity is not in linear with gas-bearing property,the gas-bearing property of the structure can be predicted by using integrated seismic forward and pre-stack inversion to avoid the trap of seismic amplitude abnormity.
引文
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[4]赵仁永,张永江,轩义华,等.叠前AVO技术在番禺天然气区的应用实例研究[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2009,31(4):243～246.
[5]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1993.106～230.
[6]Avseth P,Mukerji T,Mavko G.定量地震解释[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009.117～170.
[7]雍扬.TI介质多波AVA方程及参数反演[J].石油物探,2004,44(1):11～16.
[8]孟宪军,姜季娣.叠前AVA广义非线性纵、横波速度反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(6):645～650.
[9]乐邵东.AVA裂缝检测技术在川西JM构造中的应用[J].天然气工业,2004,24(4):22～24.
[10]李录明.多波AVA及岩性预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(4):190～204.
[11]FRED J H.地震振幅解释[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.30～32.
[12]龚幸林,牛刚,白文成,等.叠前弹性反演在Y研究区盐下碳酸盐岩气藏预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2011,50(1):59～64.
[13]张卫卫,何敏,颜承志,等.AVO叠前反演技术在珠江口盆地白云深水区烃类检测中的应用[J].中国海上油气,2010,22(3):160～163.
[14]张卫卫,颜承志,庞雄,等.地震波形联合叠前反演技术在白云深水区的应用[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2011,33(12):73～78.
[15]唐建伟.地震岩石物理学研究有关问题的探讨[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):398～404.
[16]田立新,周东红,刘力辉.辽东湾蠕虫状地震反射的地质意义研究[J].石油物探,2010,49(3):295～298.
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