“4·20”芦山Ms7.0级地震次生山地灾害特征
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摘要
北京时间2013年4月20日08时02分,在四川省雅安市芦山县发生7.0级大地震。大地震同时诱发大量滑坡、崩塌等同震次生山地灾害。据现场应急调查,地震次生山地灾害主要以中小规模崩塌灾害为主,根据灾害发生的地层岩性,分别归纳了砾岩地层崩塌、砂泥岩地层崩塌、灰岩直立地层崩塌、堆积层滑坡及滑坡碎屑流5个主要类型。在对典型灾害体灾害特征、破坏模式和影响因素进行初步分析的基础上,提出区域构造背景为"4·20"芦山地震次生灾害的主控因素。芦山地震次生灾害具有群发性、滞后性特点,在后地震时期降雨激发条件下可能产生严重泥石流滑坡等山地灾害。因此,后地震时期在极震区特别是集中安置区,山地灾害监测预警工作十分重要。
Ms7.0 giant earthquake took placed in Lushan County,Ya'an City at 8:02,April 20,2013,and according to field investigation,the most of secondary mountain disasters were collapses with small and median scale volume.Five principal types of secondary mountain disasters consisting of conglomerate collapses,sandstone collapses,carbonate stone collapses,landslides and long run-out landslide-avalanche were proposed and the characteristics,mechanism and influence factors were analyzed.The regional geological environment and structure were regarded as the primary elements through preliminary analysis,and the large amount of loosen materials were easy for occurring debris flows and landslides triggering by the storm and continuous rainfall,which will seriously threat the reconstruction and lives in the rainy season for decades,therefore the post-earthquake effect as well as the monitoring and pre-warning strategy should be carried out in meizoseismal area and especially in reconstruction settlements.
Ms7.0 giant earthquake took placed in Lushan County,Ya'an City at 8:02,April 20,2013,and according to field investigation,the most of secondary mountain disasters were collapses with small and median scale volume.Five principal types of secondary mountain disasters consisting of conglomerate collapses,sandstone collapses,carbonate stone collapses,landslides and long run-out landslide-avalanche were proposed and the characteristics,mechanism and influence factors were analyzed.The regional geological environment and structure were regarded as the primary elements through preliminary analysis,and the large amount of loosen materials were easy for occurring debris flows and landslides triggering by the storm and continuous rainfall,which will seriously threat the reconstruction and lives in the rainy season for decades,therefore the post-earthquake effect as well as the monitoring and pre-warning strategy should be carried out in meizoseismal area and especially in reconstruction settlements.
引文
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[4]Sichuan Bureau of Surveying,Mapping and Geo-information.Geographic information publishing platform of Lushan County[EB/OL].[2013-05-01].http://www.scgis.net/LSXEarthquake/.[四川省测绘地理信息局.芦山县地理信息发布平台[EB/OL].[2013-05-01].http://www.scgis.net/LSXEarthquake/.]
[5]LI Yuanlin,JI Xiangtian.Petrological character of daxi conglomerate in Lushan—Tianquan and its provenance[J].J Mineral Petrol,1993,13(3):68-73.[李元林,纪相田.芦山——天全地区大溪砾岩岩石学特征及物源区分析[J].矿物岩石,1993,13(3):68-73.]
[6]Xu Qiang,Chen Jianjun,Feng Wenkai.Study of the seismic response of slopes by physical modeling[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2009,41(3):266-272.[许强,陈建君,冯文凯,等.斜坡地震响应的物理模拟试验研究[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2009,41(3):266-272.]
[7]Huang Runqiu,Li Weile.The for mati on and distributi on laws analysis of geo hazard triggered by Wenchuan earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(12):2585-2592.[黄润秋,李为乐.“5·12”汶川大地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):25852592.]
[8]Yin Yueping.Researches on the geohazards triggered byWenchuan earthquake,Sichuan[J].Journal of Engineeting Geology,2008,16(4):433-444.[殷跃平.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(4):433444.]
[9]Yang Zongji,Qiao Jianping,Tian Hongling,et al.Study on rainfall-induced regional geohazard prediction following wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2010,42(S1):38-42.[杨宗佶,乔建平,田宏岭,等.地震后降雨激发区域地质灾害危险性预测[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2010,42(增刊1):38-42.]
[10]Yang Zongji,Qiao Jianping,et al.Epicentral distance and impacts of rainfall on geohazards after the“5·12”Wenchuan Earthquake,China[J].Disaster Advances,2010,3(4):151-156.
[11]Yang Zongji,Qiao Jianping,Tian Hongling,et al.Real-time regional rainfall induced geohazards prediction method in the Wenchuan earthquake region,China[J].Disaster Advances,2012,5(4):408-454.
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