青藏高原北部地震区弧形带与东缘带大地震活动特征的对比研究
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摘要
汶川8.0级地震前地震活动图像,呈现长期(几十年)多阶段中强震起伏和中长期(10~30年)强震活动平静,甚至无5级以上地震情况下突发大地震等显著特点。与青藏高原北部地震区大多数7级以上地震中期(几年至10年)中强震增多和中短期(1~3年)成组大震活跃等特点,形成鲜明的对照。将中国南北带东边缘带M≥7.7的11次大地震(含汶川8.0级)归属于中长期多阶段起伏、中短期突发型地震,相应的另一种大震称为中短期渐进型地震。围绕这一认识,对汶川8.0级地震活动特征作回顾性探讨。
The seismic activity pattern showed moderately strong earthquakes occurred ups and downs for a long period,strong earthquake activity kept calm for 10 to 30 years and large earthquake would occur suddenly even without moderate earthquakes above 5.0n the contrary,in the north large earthquake area,there was moderate earthquakes increasing for ten years and large earthquakes occurred in group for 1 to 3 years before most strong earthquakes above 7.The author thought if 11 large earthquakes above 7.7(including Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake)in eastern edge of North-south earthquake belt belonged to "occurring ups and downs in medium or long term and suddenly in short term",the other kind of large earthquake should be "occurring step by step" correspondingly.The earthquake activity characteristics of Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake was reviewed and discussed on the base of the above thought.
The seismic activity pattern showed moderately strong earthquakes occurred ups and downs for a long period,strong earthquake activity kept calm for 10 to 30 years and large earthquake would occur suddenly even without moderate earthquakes above 5.0n the contrary,in the north large earthquake area,there was moderate earthquakes increasing for ten years and large earthquakes occurred in group for 1 to 3 years before most strong earthquakes above 7.The author thought if 11 large earthquakes above 7.7(including Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake)in eastern edge of North-south earthquake belt belonged to "occurring ups and downs in medium or long term and suddenly in short term",the other kind of large earthquake should be "occurring step by step" correspondingly.The earthquake activity characteristics of Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake was reviewed and discussed on the base of the above thought.
引文
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[2]马杏垣.中国及邻区海域岩石图动力学图(1∶4 000 000)[M].北京:地质出版社,1986.
[3]国家地震局震害防御司.中国历史强震目录(公元前23世纪~公元1911年)[M〗.北京:中国科学出版社,1993.
[4]郭增建,马宗晋.中国特大地震研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1988.
[5]黄圣睦,何天华,范明祥,等.从石油人工地震资料分析成都平原地震地质背景的新认识[J].地震地质,2003,23(4):581-594.
[6]陈国光,计风桔,周荣军,等.龙门山断裂带晚第四纪活动性分段的初步研究[J].地震地质,2007,29(3):657-673.
[7]何宏林,孙昭民,王世元,等.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带[J].地震地质,2008,30(2):359-362.
[8]王辉,刘杰,石耀霖,等.鲜水河断裂带强震相互作用地动力学模拟研究[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2008,38(7):785-912.
[9]黄圣睦,董瑞英.中国大陆及邻区、川滇成组强震活动特征初步研究[J].内陆地震,2006,20(4):305-316.
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